Phytomedicine Plus最新文献

{"title":"Genus Aerides, Coelogyne and Eria: A comprehensive review of ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology","authors":"Partha Pratim Dutta ,&nbsp;Priyanku Pradip Das ,&nbsp;Jyotirmoy Bhattacharyya ,&nbsp;Lunasmrita Saikia ,&nbsp;Seydur Rahman ,&nbsp;Shila Kumari Singh ,&nbsp;Saikat Sen ,&nbsp;Pal Gogoi","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Orchidaceae family includes several medicinally important genera, particularly <em>Aerides, Coelogyne</em>, and <em>Eria</em>, which hold a prominent place in Southeast Asian traditional medicine for managing infectious, inflammatory, metabolic, and degenerative diseases. This review systematically compiles existing evidence on the ethnobotanical significance, phytochemical diversity, and pharmacological potential of these species. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, SciFinder, and Google Scholar up to September 2025 using the keywords “<em>Aerides</em>,” “<em>Coelogyne</em>,” “<em>Eria</em>,” “phytochemistry,” “pharmacology,” and “ethnopharmacology.” A total of 112 peer-reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria. Phytochemical analyses identified 71 bioactive metabolites, predominantly phenanthrenes and bibenzyls, followed by flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolics, and sterols. Preclinical investigations consistently revealed a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antinociceptive, cytotoxic, osteoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Notably, erianin, isolated from <em>Eria</em> species, exhibits strong anticancer activity, while coelogin from <em>Coelogyne</em> species demonstrates osteogenic potential, providing valuable mechanistic insights into their therapeutic actions. Collectively, these findings position <em>Aerides, Coelogyne</em>, and <em>Eria</em> as promising yet underexplored sources of pharmacologically active natural products. However, despite extensive ethnomedicinal evidence supporting their use, comprehensive scientific validation, encompassing mechanistic elucidation, rigorous pharmacological testing, and systematic toxicity studies, is still needed, as clinical evaluations remain absent. This review also identifies key knowledge gaps and proposes future research priorities to support the translational advancement of these orchid genera from traditional use to evidence-based clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ellagic acid and α-mangostin in oral gel formulations show anticancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro","authors":"Wipawee Nittayananta ,&nbsp;Tipaya Ekalaksananan ,&nbsp;Jureeporn Chuerduangphui ,&nbsp;Chutha Takahashi Yupanqui ,&nbsp;Kesinee Netsomboon ,&nbsp;Chamsai Pientong","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to develop two oral gel formulations containing ellagic acid (EA) and α-mangostin (α-MG), and evaluate their anticancer, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Cytotoxicity and anticancer potential were assessed via MTT assay in oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25), oral keratinocytes (OKC), murine macrophages (RAW264.7), and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) was evaluated using plaque reduction assays, while effects on human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) were analyzed using a pseudovirus model targeting both pre- and post-attachment infection stages. Anti-inflammatory effects were determined by nitric oxide (NO) quantification in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The formulations showed selective cytotoxicity toward SCC-25 cells, indicating anticancer potential. Both EA and α-MG significantly inhibited HSV-1 infection at the pre- and post-entry stage, and the two gel formulations were effective in post-infection treatments. However, no inhibitory activity was observed against HPV-16 pseudovirus, suggesting no interaction with L1/L2 capsid proteins. Additionally, both formulations markedly reduced NO production, demonstrating strong anti-inflammatory activity. In summary, EA and α-MG gels exhibited promising anticancer, anti-HSV-1, and anti-inflammatory properties, supporting their potential use in managing oral cancer and HSV-1-related oral conditions. They showed no efficacy against HPV-16 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100941"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico and in vivo anti-hyperuricemic and anti-gouty arthritic effects of Adhatoda vasica extract: Forecasting drug candidates and mechanistic insights into urate transporter 1 and xanthine oxidase inhibition","authors":"Rehnuma Tasmiyah Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Sami Islam Pathan ,&nbsp;Hajara Akhter ,&nbsp;Md. Nazim Uddin ,&nbsp;Mamtaz Sultana ,&nbsp;Dabashes Adhikery ,&nbsp;Md. Tazinur Rahman ,&nbsp;Samina Akhter ,&nbsp;Chadni Lyzu ,&nbsp;Md. Abdurrahim","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Adhatoda vasica</em> is abundant in alkaloids and flavonoids that exhibit robust anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, underscoring its potential as a promising treatment for inflammatory ailments. Therefore, the present study sought to explore the therapeutic potential of ethanolic <em>Adhatoda vasica</em> extract in hyperuricemic and gouty arthritic rodents, which was further validated through a computer-aided mechanism. Hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis were induced with potassium oxonate and monosodium urate in the models. Serum creatinine and uric acid levels were assessed, alongside urate transporter 1 (URAT1) and xanthine oxidase (XO) expression of the rodents. Histological studies demonstrated nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects, characterized by improved renal morphology and reduced interleukin-6 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Phytochemicals were identified through in vitro, FT-IR, and GC–MS analysis, revealing 21 bioactive compounds belonging to various groups like phenol, alcohol, aldehyde, fatty acid, alkaloid, steroid, terpene, and nitrogen compounds. Four compounds (PubChem CIDs: 66,099, 5282,826, 9817,754, and 534,587) showed strong binding affinity in molecular docking analysis via BIOVIA Discovery Studio and DataWarrior. These candidates exhibited favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, drug-likeness, and low toxicity, as assessed by SwissADME, AdmetSAR, and ProToxII, surpassing the standard drug Benzbromarone. The result suggested that <em>Adhatoda vasica</em> may alleviate serum uric acid in hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis by inhibiting URAT1 and XO. Overall, <em>Adhatoda vasica</em> demonstrates notable potential as a natural therapeutic agent for hyperuricemia and gout, justifying additional exploration for use in drug development or as a dietary supplement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diosmin-Hesperidin fixed-dose combination ameliorates cisplatin-induced hepotorenal toxicities in wistar rats: Involvements of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms","authors":"Adejuwon A. Adeneye ,&nbsp;Favor O. Ogunole ,&nbsp;Quadri Remi-Lawal ,&nbsp;Abdulfatai Ojewale ,&nbsp;Ikechuckwu I. Okoye","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin (CIS), is limited by significant hepatorenal toxicity. This study evaluated the protective efficacy of a micronized diosmin (90 %) and hesperidin (10 %) combination (DH) against this toxicity in young adult male Wistar rats. In a dose-response study, rats were orally pre-treated with DH (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) for 10 days before receiving CIS. Control groups received distilled water, CIS alone, DH alone, or silymarin (SIL) as a positive control. Following euthanasia and sacrifice, serum and tissue samples were analyzed for biochemical markers of liver and kidney function, oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, MDA, GSH), and inflammation (TNF-α, IL-10), along with histopathological assessments.</div><div>Results showed that cisplatin administration induced significant hepatorenal dysfunction, oxidative imbalance, and inflammatory responses (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001 versus control). However, DH pre-treatment provided a dose-dependent protective effect, significantly attenuating these adverse changes, preserving tissue integrity, and improving biochemical indices of oxidative stress and inflammation (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001 versus CIS alone). These results provide compelling preclinical evidence for the capacity of a diosmin-hesperidin combination to mitigate CIS-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The primary mechanism of this protection appears to involve the synergistic modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. As this specific micronized flavonoid formulation is already an approved clinical agent with a well-established safety profile for its venotonic and vasoprotective effects, these findings support its potential for drug repositioning. It represents a promising candidate for off-label use as an adjunctive therapy to ameliorate debilitating side effects, potentially improving therapeutic outcomes and patient quality of life during cisplatin-based chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100906"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and anthelmintic activity of Syzygium cumini fruit juice against Ascaridia galli and Ascaris suum","authors":"Rina Priastini Susilowati ,&nbsp;Adit Widodo Santoso ,&nbsp;Jasmine Harumi Sabini ,&nbsp;Kris Herawan Timotius","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Ascaridia galli</em> and <em>Ascaris suum</em> are the leading causes of helminthiasis in poultry and pigs. While <em>A. galli</em> rarely infects humans without causing significant disease, <em>A. suum</em> is a zoonotic parasite capable of causing pulmonary discomfort in human beings, due to larval migration. Today, anthelmintic therapy remains essential, particularly the use of herbal medicine that has not yet been intensively explored, including the fruit of <em>Syzygium cumini</em> (common name: black plum fruit; local name: jamun), which is widely found throughout Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluates the <em>S. cumini</em> fruit juice for its antioxidant, antilipase, and anthelmintic activities against <em>A. galli</em> and <em>A. suum.</em></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay, IC₅₀ determination, and total phenolic content (TPC) analysis. LC-MS analysis was performed to determine major bioactive compounds in the fruit juice. Antilipase activity was evaluated using an agar well diffusion method, and anthelmintic effects were assessed through <em>in vitro</em> assays on <em>A. galli</em> and <em>A. suum</em> at concentrations of 34.06, 68.12, 102.18, and 136.24 mg/ml, compared with pyrantel pamoate (Combantrin®) at 20 mg/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The DPPH assay of the extracts exhibited an IC₅₀ 2.06 µg/ml, stronger than the butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). In addition, the fruit juice also demonstrated antilipase activity, indicating its relevance in addressing lipid metabolism disorders. The anthelmintic activity was carried out which showed significant worm paralysis and mortality in both parasites especially at 102.18, and 136.24 mg/ml.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>S. cumini</em> fruit juice demonstrated significant antioxidant, antilipase, and anthelmintic potential. These findings suggest that <em>S. cumini</em> fruit juice could be a promising natural alternative for helminthiasis treatment, warranting further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jinzhen oral liquid in pediatric respiratory diseases: Multi-Target mechanisms, quality control, and clinical translation","authors":"Xiao Xu ,&nbsp;Lin Ma ,&nbsp;Enze Li ,&nbsp;Sicen Wang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Jinzhen Oral Liquid (JZOL)</strong>, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription (TCMp) comprising eight herbal components, exhibits a multifaceted therapeutic profile through TLR4/NF-κB suppression, dual TRPV1/TRPA1 channel inhibition, and gut-lung axis modulation. Clinically, JZOL has demonstrated efficacy in managing pediatric respiratory diseases, including acute bronchitis, <em>Mycoplasma</em> pneumoniae pneumonia, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and COVID-19. This review synthesizes recent advances in quality control strategies—such as the identification of quality markers (Q-markers) via high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and metabolomics—and mechanistic studies elucidating its multi-target actions. Key mechanisms include inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-α, IL-6), dual TRPV1/TRPA1 blockade to alleviate neurogenic cough, and gut microbiota modulation via the gut-lung axis. Clinical trials further support JZOL as a safe and effective adjuvant therapy, demonstrating reduced antibiotic and glucocorticoid dependence and shorter fever duration. While challenges persist in mineral characterization and trial design, this review underscores the integration of TCM with modern science to advance its global adoption. Future research should prioritize multi-omics integration, rigorous clinical validation, and exploration of synergistic mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145332690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of dietary phytopharmaceuticals across the globe to alleviate the Alzheimer’s disease: mechanism-based approach","authors":"Arun Kumar Mishra ,&nbsp;Amrita Mishra ,&nbsp;Kamal YT ,&nbsp;Arvind Kumar ,&nbsp;Harpreet Singh ,&nbsp;Shristy Verma ,&nbsp;Gyas Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer disease is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, affects a significant portion of the elderly population, with current treatments primarily focusing on symptom relief rather than disease progression. This review paper explores the role of dietary phytopharmaceuticals in alleviating Alzheimer's Disease (AD) through a mechanism-based approach. The paper emphasizes the importance of diet in influencing brain health and the potential of phytochemicals, the bioactive compounds derived from plants to provide neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant benefits. Key phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, and apigenin are highlighted for their roles in reducing amyloid plaque formation, enhancing neuronal survival, and modulating inflammatory responses. The paper also discusses the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and neurodegenerative processes, suggesting that a balanced diet rich in antioxidants and healthy fats may mitigate AD risk. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges of bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of phytopharmaceuticals, proposing that future researchers work to enhance therapeutic efficacy. The review concludes that integrating dietary phytopharmaceuticals with conventional treatments could offer a comprehensive strategy for AD management, paving the way for future research to elucidate molecular mechanisms and develop targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the active chemical compounds and pharmacological effects of Artemisia Argyi leaves through commonality, authenticity and aging","authors":"Boyu Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Xu Dai ,&nbsp;Lufan Xu ,&nbsp;Wenying Cui ,&nbsp;Rouan Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Lan ,&nbsp;Yiider Tseng","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100869","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100869","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Artemisia argyi</em> (<em>A. argyi</em>), a pivotal herb extensively used in moxibustion therapy, has long been widely recognized in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for its significant clinical efficacy. Since the therapeutic effects of a drug are inherently linked to its chemical composition, the identification of potential active compounds in <em>A. argyi</em> leaves becomes one of the priorities for continuously advancing moxibustion.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Hence, this study aims to extract key bioactive compounds contributing to its medicinal properties by performing data mining from literature. Three criteria, commonality, authenticity and aging, are applied to identify the common compounds across different regions; the superior compounds unique to the authentic Qichun <em>A. argyi</em> leaves; and the distinctive compounds emerging during the aging process.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data-driven approaches, which have been developed through decades of literature mining, are grounded in conventional evaluation principles of commonality, authenticity, and aging. The therapeutic effects of bioactive compounds have been verified using 3 individual rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated primary fibroblast-like synovial cells (FLS) with 3 times. The anti-proliferative effects were assessed utilizing the CCK-8 assay and the real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system. In addition, the anti-invasive effects were also evaluated through RTCA, while the anti-inflammatory effects were investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our work highlights the potential key functional compounds of <em>A. argyi</em> leaves, including volatile substances, including 1,8-Cineole, <em>β</em>-Caryophyllene, <em>p</em>-Cymene and Caryophyllene oxide, as well as non-volatile compounds, including Eupatilin, Isochlorogenic acid C, Isochlorogenic acid A, and Vitexin. We further validated the anti-proliferative, anti-invasive and anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds on RA-FLS <em>in vitro</em>, demonstrating their therapeutic potential in RA.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This approach, established by three criteria, commonality, authenticity and aging, has identify bioactive compounds in <em>A. argyi</em> that may play a therapeutic role by altering the pathologic phenotype of cells. This study provides insights towards pharmacological research of <em>A. argyi</em> and elucidates unknown therapeutic mechanisms against RA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100869"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wasabi leaf extract changes the expression levels of cytokine-related genes in dermal papilla cells, as identified through whole transcriptome analysis","authors":"Himari Matsusaka ,&nbsp;Tomoe Yamada-Kato ,&nbsp;Mayuko Nakai ,&nbsp;Lanlan Bai ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Tomita ,&nbsp;Eriko Sugano ,&nbsp;Taku Ozaki ,&nbsp;Isao Okunishi ,&nbsp;Tomokazu Fukuda","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wasabi is a traditional Asian food, and it has been reported that Wasabi leaf extract derived compounds, such as 6-methylsulfinylhexyl isothiocyanate (6-MSITC), exert anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells. In addition, although the antibacterial action of wasabi leaf extract has been reported, the detailed biological effects of wasabi leaf extract are not fully understood. To obtain further associated information, we used next-generation sequencing to identify upregulated or downregulated genes in immortalized human dermal papilla cells, and differentially expressed genes in human papilla cells were identified in the presence or absence of wasabi leaf extract. The effects of 6-MSITC and isosaponarin were also evaluated. The results indicated that wasabi leaf extracts upregulated or downregulated the expression of cytokine-related genes, such as GDF15, BMP6, CXCL12. The expression changes of GDF15, BMP6 were reproduced by real time PCR, and the results will contribute to our understanding of the biological effects of wasabi.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural immune boosters: coumarins as emerging potentiators of immunity in drug discovery","authors":"Yasser Fakri Mustafa","doi":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phyplu.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In the wake of increasing global health threats, bolstering host immunity has become a central focus in drug discovery. Coumarins, a class of phenolic compounds abundantly found in plants, have emerged as promising candidates due to their multifaceted biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review aims to explore the evolving role of coumarins as natural immune boosters with significant therapeutic potential. This goal is achieved by thoroughly looking at how coumarins affect the immune system, their historical uses, their clinical applications, and the challenges in developing them as drugs, showing their ability to influence both innate and adaptive immunity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature-based analysis was conducted on the phytochemistry, biosynthesis, and immunological impact of coumarins, supported by <em>in vitro, in vivo</em>, and limited clinical studies. The review highlights key coumarin derivatives and their interactions with immune cells, cytokines, and oxidative stress pathways, while also considering their synergistic effects with conventional drugs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Coumarins influence multiple facets of the immune system by regulating cytokine secretion, enhancing phagocytic activity, and attenuating oxidative stress. Compounds such as umbelliferone, scopoletin, and osthole have demonstrated immunoprotective functions in various disease models. Their traditional use in respiratory and inflammatory disorders aligns with contemporary pharmacological findings. However, poor bioavailability, regulatory ambiguity, and limited clinical data remain major barriers to their therapeutic application.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Coumarins represent a potent yet underutilized class of natural immunomodulators. With new delivery methods like nanocarriers and prodrugs, along with thorough clinical testing, they could change the way we treat immune-related diseases and be used alongside other therapies. Interdisciplinary collaboration could be pivotal to translating their potential into real-world treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34599,"journal":{"name":"Phytomedicine Plus","volume":"5 4","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145045240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}