{"title":"X-band high-current micro-pulse electron gun for accelerators","authors":"S. Guharay, L. K. Len, F. Mako","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999321","url":null,"abstract":"This article focuses on the development of an X-band gun for a micropulse klystron (MPK). This MPK gun will provide a high-power, high frequency source for many applications including high energy accelerators for linear colliders, free electron lasers, medical and industrial rf linacs.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114351810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EMP mitigation technique based on low pressure SF/sub 6/ gas filled surge suppressor","authors":"A. Sharma, K. C. Mittal","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999357","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. The aim of this study was to develop a device to suppress fast electromagnetic pulse (EMP) in a few nanoseconds. When electronic equipment or a power line is subjected to a transient from intense and fast electromagnetic interference (EMI) sources, the consequences are temporary upset or permanent damage of the equipment. Important among such intense EMI sources are lightning strikes, high power microwave (HPM) and nuclear electromagnetic pulse (NEMP). EMI coupling to these equipments can be through conduction or radiation. To protect the equipment against such surges, the surge suppressors are connected across power lines and/or signal lines. The impedance of an arrestor is a function of the voltage impressed on it. Commonly used surge suppressors are metal oxide varistors, transient absorbers and spark gaps. Among these protective elements, the spark gaps have the outstanding advantages of high-energy absorption, low self-capacitance, low clamping voltage and high speed. Results of detailed experimental study are presented for the fast surge suppression using low-pressure SF/sub 6/ spark gaps.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"7 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116117235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simulation based design methodology for affordable performance of vacuum electron devices","authors":"B. Levush","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999266","url":null,"abstract":"Since future military systems are likely to require a relatively small number of highly specialized vacuum electron devices, a reduction of development costs will have a significant impact on the total cost of the device. Experimental testing cycles can be reduced or eliminated through the use of a new, simulation-based design methodology, thereby reducing the time and cost of development. This paper will describe recent progress in the development of such design tools for vacuum electronics and will present plans for future developments in this area.As an example, the measured transfer characteristic of a CPI Ku-band TWT is compared with CHRISTINE3D calculations.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127449159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Dammertz, S. Alberti, A. Arnold, E. Borie, V. Erckmann, G. Gantenbein, E. Giguet, R. Heidinger, J. Hogge, S. Illy, W. Kasparek, K. Koppenburg, M. Kuntze, H. Laqua, G. Le Cloarec, F. Legrand, Y. Le Goff, W. Leonhardt, C. Liévin, R. Magne, G. Michel, G. Muller, G. Neffe, B. Piosczyk, M. Schmid, M. Thumm, M. Tran
{"title":"140 GHz, 1 MW, CW gyrotron for fusion plasma heating","authors":"G. Dammertz, S. Alberti, A. Arnold, E. Borie, V. Erckmann, G. Gantenbein, E. Giguet, R. Heidinger, J. Hogge, S. Illy, W. Kasparek, K. Koppenburg, M. Kuntze, H. Laqua, G. Le Cloarec, F. Legrand, Y. Le Goff, W. Leonhardt, C. Liévin, R. Magne, G. Michel, G. Muller, G. Neffe, B. Piosczyk, M. Schmid, M. Thumm, M. Tran","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999405","url":null,"abstract":"Gyrotrons at high frequency with high output power are mainly developed for microwave heating and current drive in plasmas for thermonuclear fusion. For the stellarator Wendelstein 7-X now under construction a 10 MW ECRH system is foreseen. A European collaboration has been established to develop and build the 10 gyrotrons each with an output power of I MW for continuous wave operation (30 min). The design parameters of the gyrotron are summarized.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127595026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Practical 3D collector design using MICHELLE","authors":"X. Zhai, J. Burdette, D. S. Komm","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999363","url":null,"abstract":"In the quest for increased space TWT efficiency a practical 3D collector design program has been sought after for many years with little success. To be a practical design tool, the code must be accurate, fast and relatively easy to use. With the release of the MICHELLE code, that tool may finally have been found. MICHELLE is a general purpose, 3D, charged particle, tracking code developed as part of the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) Modeling and Simulation Project. Applications of interest, to the TWT industry, for MICHELLE include electron gun and collector design and analysis. This paper will describe the Boeing EDD experience using MICHELLE as a collector design tool, and initial results obtained with the code.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126963633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Whyte, A. Cross, D. Jaroszynski, W. He, K. Ronald, A. Phelps
{"title":"Free electron maser amplifier energy recovery experiments","authors":"C. Whyte, A. Cross, D. Jaroszynski, W. He, K. Ronald, A. Phelps","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999276","url":null,"abstract":"We present results from a reversed guide magnetic field Raman free electron maser (FEM) amplifier experiment at Strathclyde University. The FEM amplifier is designed for a near grazing intersection of the beam line and waveguide mode to maximise the frequency tuning range. The tuneability is further extended by adjustment of beam voltage and undulator field strength. The FEM amplifier has shown a gain of over 35 dB over a 30% frequency band. The frequency range of operation can be extended to 65% of centre frequency by adjustment of the cathode voltage. Saturated gain of 23 dB with an output power of 1 MW and efficiency of 5% has been measured. An experiment is currently under way to increase the overall efficiency of the device using a two stage depressed collector energy recovery system.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127081473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Ngo, B. Danly, R. Myers, D. Pershing, V. Gregers-Hansen, G. Linde
{"title":"High-power millimeter-wave transmitter for the NRL WARLOC radar","authors":"M. Ngo, B. Danly, R. Myers, D. Pershing, V. Gregers-Hansen, G. Linde","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999424","url":null,"abstract":"High power millimeter wave instrumentation radars have a number of important applications ranging from defense missions to basic scientific studies At the Naval Research Laboratory, a new high power 94 GHz radar named WARLOC has been developed. This radar employs a high power gyro-klystron as the final power amplifier and was developed during 1996-2001. The WARLOC radar has been integrated as a transportable system, using the 100 kW peak, 10 kW average power gyro-klystron amplifier, a low-loss transmission line, a quasioptical duplexer, and a Cassegrain antenna. The transmitter operation and waveguide system is the subject of this paper.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"25 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121015608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AlN-based lossy ceramics for high power applications","authors":"B. Mikijelj, D. Abe","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999245","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents materials properties and RF cold test results obtained for several types of Ceradyne aluminum nitride (AIN) based electromagnetically lossy dielectrics. These materials have been recently developed as an alternative to beryllia (BeO) based materials. Historically, BeO-SiC composites have been the material of choice for high average power microwave/millimeter-wave applications because of their relatively high thermal conductivity (130 W/m-K). However, growing concerns over beryllium-related health/environmental issues, a shrinking supply base, and the limited number of machining/grinding facilities capable of handling beryllium-based materials have prompted the development of more environmentally-friendly alternatives.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127830899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Origins of saturation in a traveling wave tube","authors":"J. Plouin","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999399","url":null,"abstract":"Power saturation in traveling wave tubes (TWT), induced by the non-linearity of electron-wave interaction, limits the efficiency of such amplifiers, and distorts amplified signals. The origin of this saturation has been widely investigated, and many ways have been explored to limit the saturation. A Lagrangian model to study the different aspects of power saturation and phase dispersion in TWTs is presented here. This work contributes to the understanding of saturation and phase distortion in TWTs. It underlines the first order role of inertial saturation, whose origin lies in the intrinsic non-linearity of electron/wave interactions.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127296499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Takiguchi, K. Osada, K. Miyakawa, M. Nanba, S. Okazaki, T. Yamagishi, N. Egami, K. Tanioka, M. Tanaka, S. Itoh
{"title":"Flat FEA image sensor with HARP target","authors":"Y. Takiguchi, K. Osada, K. Miyakawa, M. Nanba, S. Okazaki, T. Yamagishi, N. Egami, K. Tanioka, M. Tanaka, S. Itoh","doi":"10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IVELEC.2002.999262","url":null,"abstract":"In a new application of field emitter arrays (FEAs), a unique, ultrahigh-sensitivity, flat image sensor that consists of an FEA and an avalanche-mode photoconductive target is proposed. We have been working to develop highly sensitive camera tubes with a high-gain avalanche rushing amorphous photoconductor (HARP) target. Although our latest HARP tube is about 100 times as sensitive as a conventional solid-state image sensor, it suffers from drawbacks related to its length (about 100 mm) and power consumption. To overcome these problems and develop a next-generation, ultra-high sensitivity, flat image sensor, we have developed an FEA image sensor.","PeriodicalId":344852,"journal":{"name":"Third IEEE International Vacuum Electronics Conference (IEEE Cat. No.02EX524)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131489563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}