Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Environmental impact of grass-based cattle farms: A life cycle assessment of nature-based diversification scenarios","authors":"D. O’Brien ,&nbsp;M. Markiewicz-Keszycka ,&nbsp;J. Herron","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Diversification is widely considered to positively influence the environmental sustainability of livestock farming. Multiple options exist to diversify cattle farms, but few have been examined at a systems level for grass-based livestock farms. Three nature-based diversification options recommended for livestock farms were examined in this study: mixed grass–white clover swards (GWC), organic farming (OFS) and agroforestry (AGF). They were applied on dairy and suckler calf-to-beef farming systems common in the Republic of Ireland. Both of these bovine systems were evaluated over a 3-year period (2017–2019) and were nationally representative. The environmental impact and resource use of dairy and suckler calf-to-beef systems were modelled using life cycle assessment (LCA). The system boundary of the LCA model extended from the extraction of raw materials to the sale of milk and cattle from the farm, i.e. cradle to farm-gate. Six of the major environmental impacts of cattle farming were simulated; global warming potential (GWP), non-renewable energy (NRE) depletion, land occupation (LO), acidification potential (ACP), freshwater and marine eutrophication potential (FEP and MEP). Impacts were scaled to the following functional units: land area, fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) for dairy and carcass weight (CW) for beef. The result illustrated that GWC swards reduced the GWP of milk production by 9% and cut the GWP of beef LW by 3%. Per unit of product, this strategy decreased ACP by 4%–5%, NRE depletion by 13%–19% and LO by 6%–7%. However, it increased MEP by 5%–12% due to clover fixing more N than it replaced. Cattle farms based on GWC were more productive than conventional farms, but tended to increase impacts per hectare. Organic farming had the lowest environmental impacts per unit of land and reduced GWP and NRE depletion. Without carbon sequestration, organic farming had the opposite effect on GWP of FPCM and increased ACP and MEP per product unit. Declines in productivity in organic systems led to the rise in these impacts per unit of product and increases in LO relative to conventional systems. Partial conversion (10%–20%) of grassland to silvopasture decreased milk and beef output, and slightly improved environmental performance. Carbon sequestration was greater in silvopasture than in grassland, albeit LCA models struggle to accurately quantify the influence of management change on this process. This issue can be overcome through more field and modelling research on sequestration. Further research is also required on combining diversification options to optimise the environmental sustainability of cattle farming.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49837316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental impact of grass-based cattle farm: A life cycle assessment of nature-based diversification scenarios","authors":"D. O'Brien, M. Markiewicz-Kęszycka, J. Herron","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45278622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the stormwater reduction of a green roof under different rainfall events and antecedent water contents with a modified hydrological model","authors":"Pei-Yuan Chen, X. Hong, Wei-Hsuan Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48948122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biohydrogen production from macroalgae via sonic biosurfactant disintegration: An energy efficient approach","authors":"Shabarish S. ,&nbsp;Tamilarasan K. ,&nbsp;Rajesh Banu J. ,&nbsp;Godvin Sharmila V.","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An energy-efficient disintegration approach used to produce biohydrogen from marine macroalgae biomass (<em>Chaetomorpha antennina</em>) was demonstrated in this study. The suggested research aimed to explain the function of macroalgae disintegration by sonication (DS) and disintegration by a sonic surfactant (DSS) in biohydrogen production. Biosurfactant dosage (3 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>L/g TS), sonic intensity (50%) and disintegration duration (30 min) were found to be an optimum conditions for DSS with respect to dissoluted organics release (DOR). Volatile fatty acids (VFA) generation was higher in DSS (1845 mg/L) than DS (864 mg/L) When DS and DSS were compared, DSS had a substantially higher disintegration efficiency (DE) and biohydrogen yield (26%, 147 mL <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>/gCOD) than DS (21.5%, 121 mL <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>/gCOD). Net energy (NE) obtained in DSS (0.044 kWh/kg of biomass) was more than the DS (−0.02 kWh/kg of biomass). DSS had a higher energy ratio of 1.8, while DS had a lower energy ratio of 0.7. Overall, DSS was found to be an energetic way to produce biohydrogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45854828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability of food systems and reinforcement of the science-policy interface: Re-focusing on priorities","authors":"Dario Caro","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46602043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why is agricultural policy not more environmentally ambitious? Comparing failed attempts in Switzerland","authors":"Stefan Mann ,&nbsp;Antonia Kaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Switzerland is a country that has ambitious agri-environmental objectives, but its targets are continuously missed. The paper at hand examines this contradiction by describing and analysing three recent attempts to transform agricultural policies and change the unfortunate situation. The three cases were compared in a qualitative multimethod research design and along dimensions that are potentially relevant for explaining reform failures. While the attempts depicted involved distinctive governance pathways, they all failed to meet their objectives because of the large disadvantages their realisation would have generated. These included, above all, a reduction of the national self-sufficiency rate. It is concluded that the strategy of providing incentives for mere extensification has reached a dead end. New strategies to tackle food consumption patterns appear to be more promising.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48887825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green waste characteristics and sustainable recycling options","authors":"Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuancheng Xie ,&nbsp;Hu Sheng","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green waste is a diverse mixture of biomass mainly generated through site clearing and landscape maintenance in inhabited areas, which requires appropriate management to address sustainability concerns. However, the recycling potential and technological applicability of green waste remain poorly understood possibly due to limited knowledge of its complicated generation and composition characteristics. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the scope, generation, characteristics, and mainstream recycling technologies of green waste. Based on our synthesis, the average annual green waste generation is around 47 kg/person, but differences in performance vary between countries. The green waste generation is mainly related to green space area, radiation, and rainfall. In the light of the characteristics of nutrient and lignocellulose contents, separately recycling the green (grass and leaves) and brown parts (branches) is identified as a promising approach. From both environmental and economic perspectives, the brown part is suitable for energy recovery, while composting for nutrients recovery is more preferred for the green part. This study highlights that proper combination of recycling technologies would turn green waste into a valuable resource, which would help move towards a more resource-efficient and circular economy to address future sustainability challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45769030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to implementation of energy-efficient technologies in building construction projects — Results from a Swedish case study","authors":"Jakob Carlander ,&nbsp;Patrik Thollander","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>About 12% of the EU’s greenhouse gas emissions derive from construction of and energy use in buildings. To decrease energy use in buildings, more energy-efficient technologies must be implemented. However, there are barriers to the implementation of energy-efficient technologies. In this study, interviews were conducted with different stakeholders within a city district development project to find barriers towards the implementation of energy-efficient technologies in buildings. First, an investigation of barrier theory followed by three pre-interviews was conducted, which helped in forming questions for the interview study, which involved a total of 18 respondents. The respondents were from the client, facility manager, developer, consultants, project planners, contractor, and the local energy supplier. The barriers mentioned in the interviews were connected to different phases of a building project. There is a scarcity of studies where barriers in various phases of the construction process are explored. In conclusion, the most frequently mentioned barriers were connected to the <em>Planning Program</em> phase and the <em>Project Planning</em> phase. Two new barrier categories are suggested: <em>Lack of Knowledge</em> and <em>Fear</em>. The most prominent barriers to implementation of energy-efficient technologies were <em>Inertia, Risk, Access to Capital</em> and <em>Lack of Knowledge</em>. To increase the implementation of energy-efficient technologies in buildings, knowledge needs to be increased throughout the whole industry, and stakeholders need to step out of their comfort zone and not always do as they have done before. A key policy implication is the importance of capacity building in the early phases of the building process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42040544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of microplastics types and size on soil properties and cadmium adsorption in paddy soil after one rice season","authors":"Qiuyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Guo ,&nbsp;Bingyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Feng ,&nbsp;Lanfang Han ,&nbsp;Chuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Huifang Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yanfang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) were considered as emerging pollutants in soil. Cadmium (Cd) is the typical heavy metal contaminant in paddy soil in China. It was not unraveled that the effects of the existence of MPs on soil properties and Cd adsorption after rice growth in paddy soil, one of the most important soil types in China. In this study, several typical MPs in dosage of 0.5% (<em>w/w</em>) with different particle sizes, including polyethylene (PE, <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>), polyacrylonitrile (PAN, <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 200 and <span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>), were selected and aged for a rice season (<span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span>6 months) in paddy soil by column experiments. Some essential physicochemical properties of paddy soil collected from different treatments and the adsorption performance of typical metal contaminants (cadmium, Cd) in paddy soil with MPs coexisting were compared. The results indicated that the 6-month existence of <span><math><mrow><mn>200</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> MPs increased water content (15.94% to 26.08-30.30%), pH value (7.05 to 7.16–7.33), organic matter (OM) content (15.1 g<span><math><mspace></mspace></math></span>kg ⁻¹ to 18.2–22.9 g<span><math><mspace></mspace></math></span>kg ⁻¹), the percentage of soil sand and Cd adsorption capacity of paddy soil, whereas decreased soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), the percentage of soil clay and silt. The adsorption experiments of Cd in soil showed that the adsorption behavior was consistent with the pseudo-second order and Langmuir isotherm model, and the addition of MPs would increase the adsorption capacity of Cd in soil. Besides, the particle size of MPs was found to be one of the dominant factors, in which MPs with smaller particle size (<span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>) favored the increase of water content, pH, OM content, CEC, and adsorption performance with Cd. The results of this study could provide a supplemental understanding of the effect of MPs input on the paddy soil ecosystem, including the soil properties and the bioavailability and transport of metal in paddy soil.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47568080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of station density in geostatistical prediction of air temperatures in Sweden: A comparison of two interpolation techniques","authors":"Elijah Akwarandu Njoku ,&nbsp;Patrick Etim Akpan ,&nbsp;Augustine Edet Effiong ,&nbsp;Isaac Oluwatosin Babatunde","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resenv.2022.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High fidelity gridded temperature datasets are difficult to obtain for areas with sparse coverage of meteorological stations given that sparsity of stations is known to introduce uncertainty in the interpolation of climatic variables generally. Inspired by their potential for optimal results especially for small sample datasets, we assessed and compared the accuracy of interpolation results of Empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) and EBK-Regression Prediction (EBKRP) spatial prediction techniques under varying sampling density scenarios, using monthly maximum temperature normals (1991–2020) for the entire area of Sweden. The objectives of the study were to understand how EBK and EBKRP interpolation techniques perform in different sampling density scenarios and particularly in a sparse data setting, and the possible difference in the prediction accuracy between the two techniques. The 708 sampled stations obtained from the historical climatology database of the Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) were split into seven sampling density subsets, ranging from 1 sample per 63,614 km² to 1 sample per 634,350 km² and representing both low and high sampling density scenarios. EBK interpolation technique was implemented using temperature data while land use land cover (LULC) and digital elevation model (DEM) were used as temperature covariates for the EBKRP interpolation models. The prediction accuracy assessment was based on five robust prediction performance indicators – mean error, mean absolute error, mean square error, root mean square error and Pearson correlation (R) – obtained from independent validation/cross-validation operations. Prediction accuracy was found to be generally positively related to sampling density, and sampling density accounted for about 85%–87% of interpolation accuracy for both EBK and EBKRP techniques. Although sampling density increased linearly, the rate of change in accuracy from one sampling density step to the next was not particularly proportional. For equivalent sampling density set-ups, EBKRP consistently outperformed EBK in all the accuracy metrics and EBKRP proved to be approximately 40% better than EBK. However, the two interpolation techniques produced generally low prediction biases for all the sampling density scenarios investigated. Our study suggests that potential effects of low sampling density and non-stationarity of temperature data can be significantly reduced by applying EBK but especially EBKRP when coupled with relevant covariates. This is especially true for continuous and slowly varying phenomena such as temperature and similar variables.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49854279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}