The overlooked role of deep soil in dissolved organic carbon transformation and CO2 emissions: Evidence from incubation experiments and FT-ICR MS characterization

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Haoran Wu, Jia Xin, Zhiyuan Zhang, Linna Jia, Wenlin Ren, Zeliang Shen
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Abstract

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a major source for CO2 emission, and strongly involved in the transformation of many pollutants in the environmental medium. Neglecting the transformation of DOC in deep soil (>100 cm) may lead to a high degree of uncertainty in the estimation of the soil C budget, greenhouse gas emission and environmental risk. Using an envelope soil profile in a representative agricultural region of eastern China, this study provides kinetic and molecular evidence for DOC transformation in deep soil. Deep soil remained rich in DOC, with 52.53–65.46% of the DOC sequestered in soil below 100 cm. DOC in deep soil may be derived more from leaching from shallow soil than from the decomposition of in situ SOC. As the incubation process progressed, the DOC changed in three stages: (I) DOC accumulation; (II) DOC decomposition; and (III) slow DOC accumulation, with CO2 emissions exhibiting corresponding kinetic patterns. Soil CO2 release from deep soil accounted for a non-negligible portion (12.9–57.4%) of the soil profile. Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry indicated that during the incubation process, less aromatic, and more saturated DOC molecules with lower molecular weights may be preferentially decomposed. During the early stages of incubation, lipids and peptides were preferentially degraded. In the later stages, due to the depletion of active components, lignin began to undergo partial degradation. DOC transformation in deep soil was favored under anaerobic conditions. This study might shed new light on the greenhouse effect and the environmental risk management.

Abstract Image

深层土壤在溶解有机碳转化和二氧化碳排放中被忽视的作用:培养实验和 FT-ICR MS 表征提供的证据
溶解有机碳(DOC)是二氧化碳排放的主要来源,并强烈参与环境介质中许多污染物的转化。忽视土壤深层(100 厘米)DOC 的转化可能会导致土壤 C 预算、温室气体排放和环境风险估算的高度不确定性。本研究利用中国东部一个具有代表性的农业区的包膜土壤剖面,提供了深层土壤中 DOC 转化的动力学和分子证据。深层土壤中仍富含 DOC,其中 52.53%-65.46% 的 DOC 被封存在 100 厘米以下的土壤中。深层土壤中的 DOC 可能更多地来自浅层土壤的淋溶,而非原地 SOC 的分解。随着培养过程的进行,DOC 的变化分为三个阶段:(I)DOC 积累;(II)DOC 分解;(III)DOC 缓慢积累,CO2 的排放也呈现出相应的动力学规律。从深层土壤中释放的土壤二氧化碳占土壤剖面中不可忽视的一部分(12.9-57.4%)。傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱分析表明,在培养过程中,芳香度较低、饱和度较高、分子量较小的 DOC 分子可能会优先分解。在培养的早期阶段,脂类和肽类优先降解。在后期阶段,由于活性成分耗尽,木质素开始部分降解。在厌氧条件下,深层土壤中的 DOC 转化更为有利。这项研究可能会给温室效应和环境风险管理带来新的启示。
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来源期刊
Resources Environment and Sustainability
Resources Environment and Sustainability Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
15.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
41
审稿时长
33 days
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