Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Carbon footprint tracing and inequality checking for tobacco’s life cycle","authors":"Xiaowei Chuai,&nbsp;Ying Xu,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Yonghua Liu,&nbsp;Yuchen Yang,&nbsp;Li Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China is the world^’s largest tobacco producer and consumer. The industry generates considerable carbon emissions and economic benefits, yet inequalities across regions and beneficiaries have rarely been jointly examined. Using provincial-level data from tobacco-producing regions in mainland China for 2000 and 2020, this study estimated carbon emissions from tobacco cultivation, curing, cigarette production, smoking, and cigarette-butt disposal using an activity-based emission-factor method. It compared the economic benefits received by tobacco farmers, tobacco enterprises, local governments, and the central government, and constructed a regional inequality index from the ratio of standardised economic benefits to standardised carbon emissions. From 2000 to 2020, the tobacco cultivation area declined from 143 × 10⁴ ha to 101 × 10⁴ ha, while tobacco leaf production decreased from 254 × 10⁴ t to 213 × 10⁴ t. Substantial differences were observed among provinces. Yunnan recorded the highest overall production levels, while Guizhou, Hunan, Henan, Sichuan, and Fujian also showed high values across the three production indicators. Total carbon emissions from the assessed stages increased from 478 × 10⁴ t C in 2000 to 553 × 10⁴ t C in 2020, with tobacco curing making the dominant contribution. High emissions were concentrated in provinces with extensive tobacco cultivation and production. The accounted economic profits increased sixfold from 2000 to 2020. The central government received the largest share of benefits and tobacco farmers the smallest; by 2020, the economic benefits accruing to local governments and tobacco enterprises had become comparable. The dispersion of regional index values decreased from 2000 to 2020. Shanghai, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang consistently recorded relatively high index values. In contrast, Heilongjiang and Liaoning recorded the lowest index values in 2000, while Chongqing, Liaoning, and Hebei recorded the lowest values in 2020. These findings support clean-energy substitution in tobacco curing, fiscal and technical compensation for provinces bearing high carbon burdens but receiving relatively low economic benefits, and demand-side tobacco-control measures such as higher tobacco taxes and stricter enforcement of smoke-free policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100384"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resource use and environmental impacts of net cage tilapia and land-based pond catfish intensive aquaculture production systems: A life cycle assessment","authors":"Isa Olalekan Elegbede,&nbsp;Toheeb Lekan Jolaosho,&nbsp;Lateef Badmos,&nbsp;Rahmot Mojisola Balogun-Adeleye,&nbsp;Abayomi Abdulazeez Jimoh,&nbsp;Wuraola Oguntoyinbo","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines resource use efficiency and environmental impacts of net cage Nile tilapia and concrete pond African catfish aquaculture systems in Nigeria using a life cycle assessment (LCA) framework. Ten midpoint impact categories were quantified using the CML-IA Baseline 2002 method, Ecoinvent v3.4, and SimaPro v9.3, with a functional unit of one tonne of live fish at the farm gate. Our results revealed that catfish pond system operated at higher stocking density, consumed 47% more feed per tonne (eFCR: 2.42 vs. 1.65), with eight-fold higher energy demand for feed production, grow-out farm operations, and also a higher overall mass-balance nutrient discharge (114.75 vs. 62.41 kg N/t) than the tilapia net cage system. The catfish system recorded higher environmental burdens across all environmental impact categories except for marine ecotoxicity (MET), where tilapia system exceeded catfish (7050 vs. 4070 kg 1,4-DB eq/t). Feed production was the dominant environmental hotspot in both systems, contributing 35–70% across impact categories, with feed ingredients like fishmeal, and soybean, the main impact drivers. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that eFCR improvement yielded the most consistent cross-category reductions, whereas extending infrastructure lifespan from 15 to 20 years reduced human toxicity (HTP) by up to 14.3% in tilapia and abiotic depletion by up to 13.5% in catfish systems, while a national electricity grid decarbonization scenario reduced total global warming potential (GWP) by 9.6% for tilapia and 25–33% for catfish. Black soldier fly larvae meal substitution in formulated feeds reduced GWP by up to 24.7% and MET by up to 36.5% at 35% inclusion, but increased acidification and HTP by up to 27.2% and 15.4% respectively. These findings provide actionable evidence for feed formulation policy, system design, and energy investment in Nigerian aquaculture, and establish a replicable LCA framework for resource-constrained production contexts across sub-Saharan Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100385"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Event-level monitoring of water-saving interventions in a living lab: device effectiveness and user experience","authors":"Jesper Knutsson,&nbsp;Carolina Hiller,&nbsp;Josefine Klingberg,&nbsp;Sara Renström,&nbsp;Tobias Svanberg","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most field studies of residential water-saving devices rely on aggregate meter data that cannot isolate device-level effects. We present a tap-level monitoring framework applied at HSB Living Lab, a 29-apartment facility in Gothenburg, Sweden. Over 32 months, 205,097 water use events were recorded across 80 taps (31 treated, 49 control) for nine water-saving products installed in three rounds. Event-level non-parametric tests, a difference-in-differences (DiD) framework, and three user experience surveys (n = 26) were combined.</div><div>Event-level tests found that 65–81% of treated taps showed statistically significant shifts in the distribution of individual use events (median volume change −7.1%); because an event here reflects a ∼10-min reporting window rather than a fully independent discrete use, we treat this as exploratory description rather than confirmatory evidence. The aggregate, tap-clustered difference-in-differences estimate—our confirmatory analysis—was not significant. Product-specific effects were heterogeneous; in this small, exploratory survey (n = 26 respondents, 3–10 per product), the least-liked product showed the largest measured reduction and the most-liked showed none, a suggestive pattern that would need confirmation in larger samples. Event-level monitoring can surface intervention effects that aggregate data may not resolve; we interpret this as a consequence of finer measurement resolution rather than evidence of savings hidden within aggregate figures. We emphasise, however, that statistically significant event-level shifts indicate changes in the distribution of individual water-use events, not necessarily reductions in total water use at the building scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100381"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Africa's water-related risks to humanity: Spatial patterns and archetypes","authors":"Xin Chen,&nbsp;Anni Juvakoski,&nbsp;Olli Varis","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving a sustainable water future requires placing Africa's water-related risks at the forefront of global sustainability agendas. Despite the urgency, systematic, continental-scale assessments remain limited. Drawing on the IPCC framework, water-related risks were evaluated through the combined influence of eight water stressors, human exposure, and societal adaptive capacity. The highest water-related risk areas were predominantly concentrated within the equatorial and sub-equatorial belt of the continent. At the basin level, the Nile, Congo, and Niger basins exhibited the greatest risk levels, while at the country level, Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, and Egypt were identified as the most severely affected. These areas are further characterized by high population density, low HDI scores, limited governance capacity, and the concurrent presence of multiple water stressors. In contrast, northern African countries exhibit low WASH-service risks alongside high groundwater risks, indicating that adequate water resources do not inherently reflect underlying resource abundance, but is instead driven by effective infrastructure, governance, and investment. This study provides an analytical and cross-disciplinary framework and unveils spatial patterns and geographic archetypes for guiding future water policies and transboundary cooperation across Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100380"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial assembly and yield associations across abundance classes at the soil–water interface under long-term rice–crab co-culture","authors":"Weijing Li,&nbsp;Yang Xu,&nbsp;Hongyuan Wang,&nbsp;Yitao Zhang,&nbsp;Wentao Sun,&nbsp;Xiushuang Zhang,&nbsp;Bingqian Fan,&nbsp;Limei Zhai,&nbsp;Hongbin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How long-term rice–crab co-culture changes bacterial organization across the soil–water interface and how these changes relate to crop productivity remain unclear. We compared abundant, intermediate, and rare bacterial subcommunities in paired overlying water and interface soil from six rice monoculture and six rice–crab co-culture plots, each managed for more than 20 years. Co-culture increased grain yield by 14.07%. Alpha diversity remained unchanged in overlying water, whereas the richness of intermediate and rare taxa declined in interface soil, together with the Shannon diversity of rare taxa. Community composition changed across all abundance classes in both habitats. Dispersal limitation predominated in abundant taxa, while homogeneous selection was more important for rare taxa. Co-culture increased variable selection among intermediate taxa, particularly in interface soil. Networks became larger and more connected in overlying water but smaller and more modular in interface soil. Urease, alkaline phosphatase, and β-glucosidase activities increased significantly under co-culture only in interface soil. Yield was associated with the composition of all three abundance classes, and rare community composition accounted for a significant unique fraction of yield variation in interface soil (19.62%). Yield-associated potential keystones occurred mainly among intermediate taxa in overlying water and abundant taxa in interface soil, including a Rhodocyclaceae-affiliated taxon and <em>Luteolibacter</em>, respectively. Together, higher productivity under rice–crab co-culture coincided with changes in bacterial composition, assembly, and network organization that differed between habitats and abundance classes. Interface soil emerged as the principal habitat in which microbial reorganization, enzyme activity, nutrient transformation potential, and rice yield converged.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100382"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated use of iron-modified biochar combined with a urease inhibitor reduces multiple gaseous reactive nitrogen emission in wheat-maize rotation","authors":"Xudong Qi,&nbsp;Fanlei Meng,&nbsp;Qunchao Fang,&nbsp;Wen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive and inefficient N fertilization in intensive cropping systems is a major source of atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N_r) that contributes to air pollution and greenhouse gas accumulation. The North China Plain (NCP), a global hotspot of wheat–maize rotation, suffers high N_r losses, yet simultaneous field assessments of integrated management strategies targeting multiple N_r species (NH₃, N₂O, NO_x, and HONO) remain scarce. This study quantified the emission dynamics of these four N_r species over a one-year rotation and identified a practice that mitigates N_r losses while without compromising crop yield and improving apparent N recovery efficiency (RE-N). A field experiment was conducted during 2024-2025 with six treatments: no N fertilizer (CK), conventional farmers’ practice (CU), optimized N rate (OU), urease inhibitor-amended urea (UI), UI plus biochar (BC), and UI plus iron-modified biochar (FeBC). Emissions of NH₃, N₂O, NO_x, and HONO were monitored simultaneously using chamber-based methods. The maize season accounted for approximately 72% of total annual N_r losses. UI primarily reduced NH₃ volatilization (by 40.6% compared vs. CU), whereas BC more effectively lowered N₂O emissions (by 35.4% vs. CU). The integrated FeBC treatment achieved the strongest mitigation: annual cumulative emissions under FeBC were 36.7, 2.9, 0.5, and 0.3 kg N ha⁻¹ for NH₃, N₂O, NO_x, and HONO, respectively, corresponding to significant reductions (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) of 57.6%, 46.2%, 47.0%, and 57.2% compared with CU. Grain yield under FeBC (19.3 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) did not differ significantly from that under CU, while increasing RE-N by 64%. Our findings indicate that combining iron-modified biochar with a urease inhibitor offers a promising integrated strategy for mitigating multi-species N_r emissions without compromising grain production. Longer-term observations are needed to confirm the stability and persistence of these effects under repeated cropping cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100383"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148951899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled PFOA removal and bioelectricity generation in a pilot-scale Agrostis stolonifera constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell","authors":"Yian Wang,&nbsp;Yingying Dong,&nbsp;Hangzhi Liu,&nbsp;Jing Xiong,&nbsp;Zhijun Cao,&nbsp;Genhe He","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent and recalcitrant pollutant widely detected in aquatic environments. Constructed wetland–microbial fuel cells (CW–MFCs) represent a promising strategy for simultaneous pollutant removal and energy recovery; however, the synergistic effects of plant–circuit coupling remain poorly understood. Here, a novel pilot-scale red soil CW–MFC planted with <em>Agrostis stolonifera</em> was constructed under closed-circuit (C-PMFC) and open-circuit (O-PMFC) modes, with an unplanted closed-circuit system (C-UPMFC), to reveal the potential and underlying mechanisms of simultaneous PFOA wastewater remediation and bioelectricity generation. C-PMFC achieved the highest PFOA removal efficiency (94.9%) and enhanced plant growth and physiological activity, with PFOA accumulation reaching 976.8 ng/g in roots and 1040.4 ng/g in leaves. <em>A</em>. <em>stolonifera</em>–closed circuit coupling improved electricity generation, producing a maximum power density of 670 mW/m³ and a normalized energy recovery of 5.03 × 10⁻³ kWh/kgCOD. Metagenomic absolute quantitative analysis revealed enrichment of electroactive bacteria <em>Geobacter</em>, <em>Nitrospira, Geomonas</em>, and <em>Dechloromonas</em>, and fungal <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Trichoderma</em>, alongside elevated abundances of key functional genes involved in chemotaxis, electron transport, stress adaptation, and membrane homeostasis. Meanwhile, metabolomic profiling showed intensified production of organic acids, aromatic intermediates, and electron mediators, which collectively promoted extracellular electron transfer and pollutant transformation. Moreover, UHPLC–HRMS analysis identified short-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids and aromatic fluorinated products, suggesting that PFOA degradation followed stepwise chain-shortening defluorination and deep decarboxylation–defluorination–cyclization. These findings highlight the potential of CW–MFCs for integrating PFAS remediation with energy recovery, supporting sustainable resource management and wastewater treatment systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100386"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148995746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of a novel integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) approach for producing resilient foods at scale in a post nuclear war world: A perspective exploiting freshwater fish, duckweed and microalgae","authors":"Neil J. Rowan,&nbsp;Marcel A.K. Jansen,&nbsp;Peter Klimek","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global agriculture system governing food security is strongly reliant upon environmental conditions including temperature, precipitation and sunlight, all of which could be significantly disrupted by a catastrophe such as a nuclear war. In addition to affecting primary agricultural productivity, a nuclear war would compromise critical supply chains and infrastructure. This perspective paper addresses a potentially new food production approach post catastrophe using integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems operating at scale. Developing a rapidly deployable IMTA system that (a) does not rely on using fertilizers, pesticides, pollination nor seed, (b) does not require arable land, (c) uses wastewater, (c), produces different secondary biomass (food) options rich in protein based on using fish waste produced onsite, (d) uses renewable wind energy, and (e) operates to zero waste principles underscore the rationale for its development and deployment post catastrophe. This regional approach may be rapidly deployed (within 4 to 6 months) to help offset reduced yields achieved from staple agricultural crops affected by abrupt sunlight reduction (ASR) and climatic cooling post catastrophe. By combining IMTA with onsite renewable wind-power, the system could potentially continue to operate, albeit at reduced levels of efficiency based, on previously modelled nuclear winter scenarios. Options for different resilient foods produced and dried at IMTA sites from same fish waste stream are described based on important factors for disaster preparedness and recovery. Despite the efficient demonstration and production of fish, duckweed and microalgae, it would be very challenging to replicate this same approach elsewhere in an appropriate timeframe to offset short term loss of food reserves given current operational challenges ranging from planning permission to meeting supply chain expectations. This paper provides a valuable insight into tangible issues to be addressed for the scaling of IMTA systems to support dietary needs of local and potentially regional populations. Given increasing geopolitical uncertainties globally, this paper highlights the potential need for developing resilient food processes that do not compete with staple foods for water, soil, fertilizer nor seed. However there is a pressing need to strategically invest, share knowledge and prepare IMTA sites ahead of a catastrophe so as to appropriately meet societal needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the upstream trade of five critical raw materials: heterogeneity in spatial structures and associated factors","authors":"Tianyi Mao,&nbsp;Tianyue Xue,&nbsp;Weinan Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium, cobalt, molybdenum, graphite and rare earths are strategic resources that support high-tech manufacturing and the global clean energy transition. It is essential to fully understand the trade patterns of these five critical raw materials. Horizontal comparisons help explore their differences in spatiotemporal evolution, organizational structure and impact mechanisms within the global trade landscape. This paper therefore classifies these critical raw materials into three categories, which are energy-oriented materials (lithium and graphite), high-end manufacturing-oriented materials (cobalt and molybdenum) and heterogeneous materials (rare earth elements), based on their core application fields and constructs global trade networks for each category. This study uses multiple network analysis methods and the Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model (TERGM). It deeply investigates the spatiotemporal evolution, organizational structure and associated factors of their trade networks. Results show that the three material categories have temporal mismatches in their development stages and present spatial decoupling risks between the supply side and the demand side. All three trade networks show significant core-periphery structures. Most nodes are at a disadvantage in trade. The core associated forces differ across the three material categories. Technological level and geographic distance exert significant impacts on cobalt and molybdenum trade network. Investment and energy productivity boost the trade development of lithium and graphite. Geopolitical factors serve as important drivers for rare earth trade. Finally, this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations based on the differences of the three material categories. It provides a scientific basis and decision support for the sustainable development of the five critical raw materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban-rural divergence in construction-related CO2 emissions in China amidst urbanization","authors":"Zhanxiang Wang,&nbsp;Huizhong Shen,&nbsp;Dong Xie,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Ruibin Xu,&nbsp;Yilin Chen,&nbsp;Lianming Zheng,&nbsp;Ruixin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhilin Guo,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Jianhuai Ye,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's rapid urbanization has turned the construction sector—including upstream industries, building operations, on-site construction, and demolition—into one of the most carbon-intensive systems globally. Yet, the stark urban-rural disparities in CO₂ footprint remain poorly understood, hindering low-carbon development strategies in the sector. This study introduces a comprehensive framework to uncover the spatiotemporal disparities in construction-related CO₂ emissions across China, demonstrating how urbanization, energy-mix shifts, industrial changes, and rural revitalization have shaped the country's emission trajectory. The results show that in 2020, construction-related emissions accounted for 57% of China's total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Urban areas not only account for 89.4% of the total emissions, but also exhibit 4.8 times greater per capita emissions (<em>E</em>_cap) than rural settings. This disproportionate imbalance is largely driven by urban emission reliance on carbon-intensive building materials and energy systems (68%), while rural areas are more dependent on building operation (57%). During 1990–2020, this imbalance drove an 5.6-fold increase in construction-related emissions shaped by population redistribution, construction demand, and supply-chain structures. Post-2015, urban <em>E</em>_cap began to slow down (7.7%) due to industrial upgrades and cleaner energy transition, while rural emissions continued to rise at 7.9%, fueled by expanding construction activities and increased operational energy demand. Our findings underscore the importance of promoting sustainable practices in urban regions and improving efficiency in rural areas to drive the construction sector's low-carbon transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100362"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}