Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of a novel integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) approach for producing resilient foods at scale in a post nuclear war world: A perspective exploiting freshwater fish, duckweed and microalgae","authors":"Neil J. Rowan,&nbsp;Marcel A.K. Jansen,&nbsp;Peter Klimek","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global agriculture system governing food security is strongly reliant upon environmental conditions including temperature, precipitation and sunlight, all of which could be significantly disrupted by a catastrophe such as a nuclear war. In addition to affecting primary agricultural productivity, a nuclear war would compromise critical supply chains and infrastructure. This perspective paper addresses a potentially new food production approach post catastrophe using integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems operating at scale. Developing a rapidly deployable IMTA system that (a) does not rely on using fertilizers, pesticides, pollination nor seed, (b) does not require arable land, (c) uses wastewater, (c), produces different secondary biomass (food) options rich in protein based on using fish waste produced onsite, (d) uses renewable wind energy, and (e) operates to zero waste principles underscore the rationale for its development and deployment post catastrophe. This regional approach may be rapidly deployed (within 4 to 6 months) to help offset reduced yields achieved from staple agricultural crops affected by abrupt sunlight reduction (ASR) and climatic cooling post catastrophe. By combining IMTA with onsite renewable wind-power, the system could potentially continue to operate, albeit at reduced levels of efficiency based, on previously modelled nuclear winter scenarios. Options for different resilient foods produced and dried at IMTA sites from same fish waste stream are described based on important factors for disaster preparedness and recovery. Despite the efficient demonstration and production of fish, duckweed and microalgae, it would be very challenging to replicate this same approach elsewhere in an appropriate timeframe to offset short term loss of food reserves given current operational challenges ranging from planning permission to meeting supply chain expectations. This paper provides a valuable insight into tangible issues to be addressed for the scaling of IMTA systems to support dietary needs of local and potentially regional populations. Given increasing geopolitical uncertainties globally, this paper highlights the potential need for developing resilient food processes that do not compete with staple foods for water, soil, fertilizer nor seed. However there is a pressing need to strategically invest, share knowledge and prepare IMTA sites ahead of a catastrophe so as to appropriately meet societal needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the upstream trade of five critical raw materials: heterogeneity in spatial structures and associated factors","authors":"Tianyi Mao,&nbsp;Tianyue Xue,&nbsp;Weinan Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium, cobalt, molybdenum, graphite and rare earths are strategic resources that support high-tech manufacturing and the global clean energy transition. It is essential to fully understand the trade patterns of these five critical raw materials. Horizontal comparisons help explore their differences in spatiotemporal evolution, organizational structure and impact mechanisms within the global trade landscape. This paper therefore classifies these critical raw materials into three categories, which are energy-oriented materials (lithium and graphite), high-end manufacturing-oriented materials (cobalt and molybdenum) and heterogeneous materials (rare earth elements), based on their core application fields and constructs global trade networks for each category. This study uses multiple network analysis methods and the Temporal Exponential Random Graph Model (TERGM). It deeply investigates the spatiotemporal evolution, organizational structure and associated factors of their trade networks. Results show that the three material categories have temporal mismatches in their development stages and present spatial decoupling risks between the supply side and the demand side. All three trade networks show significant core-periphery structures. Most nodes are at a disadvantage in trade. The core associated forces differ across the three material categories. Technological level and geographic distance exert significant impacts on cobalt and molybdenum trade network. Investment and energy productivity boost the trade development of lithium and graphite. Geopolitical factors serve as important drivers for rare earth trade. Finally, this paper puts forward targeted policy recommendations based on the differences of the three material categories. It provides a scientific basis and decision support for the sustainable development of the five critical raw materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100366"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban-rural divergence in construction-related CO2 emissions in China amidst urbanization","authors":"Zhanxiang Wang,&nbsp;Huizhong Shen,&nbsp;Dong Xie,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Ruibin Xu,&nbsp;Yilin Chen,&nbsp;Lianming Zheng,&nbsp;Ruixin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhilin Guo,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Jianhuai Ye,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's rapid urbanization has turned the construction sector—including upstream industries, building operations, on-site construction, and demolition—into one of the most carbon-intensive systems globally. Yet, the stark urban-rural disparities in CO₂ footprint remain poorly understood, hindering low-carbon development strategies in the sector. This study introduces a comprehensive framework to uncover the spatiotemporal disparities in construction-related CO₂ emissions across China, demonstrating how urbanization, energy-mix shifts, industrial changes, and rural revitalization have shaped the country's emission trajectory. The results show that in 2020, construction-related emissions accounted for 57% of China's total anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Urban areas not only account for 89.4% of the total emissions, but also exhibit 4.8 times greater per capita emissions (<em>E</em>_cap) than rural settings. This disproportionate imbalance is largely driven by urban emission reliance on carbon-intensive building materials and energy systems (68%), while rural areas are more dependent on building operation (57%). During 1990–2020, this imbalance drove an 5.6-fold increase in construction-related emissions shaped by population redistribution, construction demand, and supply-chain structures. Post-2015, urban <em>E</em>_cap began to slow down (7.7%) due to industrial upgrades and cleaner energy transition, while rural emissions continued to rise at 7.9%, fueled by expanding construction activities and increased operational energy demand. Our findings underscore the importance of promoting sustainable practices in urban regions and improving efficiency in rural areas to drive the construction sector's low-carbon transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100362"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial-mediated dynamic decoupling between SOC accumulation and stability during crop residue decomposition","authors":"Mengyan Cao,&nbsp;Yao Xiang,&nbsp;Lingyue Huang,&nbsp;Haolin Wang,&nbsp;Fei Tang,&nbsp;Chuntao He,&nbsp;Guorong Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop residue returning represents a pivotal agricultural practice for replenishing soil organic carbon (SOC), which constitutes the largest active carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems. To explore the microbial mechanisms driving the dynamic decoupling between SOC accumulation and stability, we conducted a 98-day decomposition experiment using acidic red soil and high C:N ratio Italian ryegrass crop residues. Crop residue decomposition significantly increased SOC contents by 14.76–41.33%. The contents of SOC, microbial biomass carbon, and easily oxidized organic carbon, as well as the related enzyme activities, initially increased before decreasing as decomposition progressed, peaking around 28 or 42 days. Concurrently, SOC chemical stability initially decreased, then stabilized, as indicated by the dynamics of the Alkyl C/O-alkyl C ratio and hydrophobicity. The early-stage SOC accumulation was closely associated with the rapid proliferation of specific r-strategy taxa and the increased relative abundances of glycoside hydrolase genes. Subsequently, the recovery of SOC stability coincides with a shift toward K-strategy microorganisms and increased relative abundances of auxiliary active genes. This highlights a microbial-mediated dynamic decoupling between SOC content and stability, driven by the succession of microbial CAZymes gene profiles. The shift in microbial life-history strategies (from r-strategy microorganisms to K-strategy microorganisms) and their associated enzymatic machinery could collectively facilitate the efficient utilization of root-derived carbon. Our findings reveal the microbial-mediated dynamic decoupling between SOC accumulation and stability during crop residue decomposition, which advances our understanding of how residue inputs contribute to soil carbon sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100361"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cropland reclamation versus cropland restoration: Which is more conducive to China's food security and ecological conservation?","authors":"Yuqing Yin,&nbsp;Xinlin Li,&nbsp;Zezhu Wei,&nbsp;Junhao Huang,&nbsp;Qinfeng Li,&nbsp;Nan Li,&nbsp;Xingming Li,&nbsp;Chengcheng Yuan,&nbsp;Liming Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet food demand, China has reclaimed marginal land for cropland in recent decades while converting cropland to ecological land via ecological retirement and agricultural restructuring, yet the rationality of this dual practice remains unevaluated. This study first analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of cropland reclamation and ecological loss in China from 1990 to 2024, then employed the XGBoost-SHAP model to identify their underlying drivers. It also used the MaxEnt model to assess cropland suitability and the substitution potential of cropland restoration for reclamation, and quantified effects on grain production and ecosystem services via GAEZ-PCA-RF and InVEST models. Results showed cropland reclamation and ecological loss accounted for 26.25% and 22.46% of the base-period cropland area, respectively, with net reclamation concentrated in Northwest and Northeast China, and the two processes had opposing drivers. Ecologically lost cropland had 1.14 times higher suitability than reclaimed cropland, with the former's suitability rising and the latter's falling. Notably, 50.12% (25.95 Mha) of planned new reclamation could be substituted by cropland restoration, mainly in the Middle and Lower reaches of the Yangtze River drainage basin and South China (90.11%). This substitution would boost national grain production by 3.07% (23.26 Mt, 74.87% from Southern China) and raise the integrated ecosystem service index by 0.65%. These findings suggest that China should place greater emphasis on the importance of cropland restoration in the future to maintain stable cropland area, an approach that would better balance food security and ecological conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissolved organic carbon-mediated multi-trophic networks define microbial necromass accumulation in Mollisols of Northeast China","authors":"Lihui Lyu,&nbsp;Chaoqun Wang,&nbsp;Haiyan Chu,&nbsp;Jiabao Zhang,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fuels soil micro-food webs, yet how its chemical heterogeneity mediates the multi-trophic regulation of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) remains a major scientific challenge. Specifically, it is unclear how DOC quality links bottom-up resource supply with top-down predatory control to regulate MNC accumulation. Here, we leveraged a natural temperature gradient across Mollisol regions of Northeast China to generate a diverse range of DOC profiles and microbial communities. We found that increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) significantly reduced DOC, soil organic carbon (SOC), and both bacterial and fungal necromass carbon (BNC and FNC). The BNC and FNC contents increased with DOC, particularly with humic- and protein-like fractions. The qPCR analysis revealed that the abundances of lower-trophic groups (bacteria and fungi) were positively correlated with these DOC components, while higher-trophic groups (protists and nematodes) showed a negative correlation. These shifts simplified and destabilized micro-food webs by increasing intra-trophic associations and decreasing cross-trophic associations, ultimately contributing to BNC and FNC accumulation. Collectively, this study proposes a conceptual framework where higher DOC content, particularly humic- and protein-like fractions, stimulates lower-trophic growth, reduces cross-trophic interactions, and enhances MNC formation. By integrating resource heterogeneity with multi-trophic associations, this study provides a mechanistic explanation for how soil food webs regulate carbon stabilization, suggesting that strategic management of DOC quality and trophic network structure can enhance soil carbon sequestration under sustainable management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus velezensis HR6-1 enhances salt tolerance of soil-cultivated tomatoes via modulating rhizosphere soil health and root metabolic networks","authors":"Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaojing Ma,&nbsp;Hengbin Luo,&nbsp;Haohao Ma,&nbsp;Mengmeng Zhu,&nbsp;Danhong Fu,&nbsp;Han Dong,&nbsp;Zhixin Guo,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Dong,&nbsp;Fengzhi Piao,&nbsp;Shunshan Shen,&nbsp;Xinzheng Li,&nbsp;Yong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinization severely suppresses tomato growth and yield, impeding sustainable tomato production. Our previous work confirmed that the plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> HR6-1 alleviates salt stress in substrate-cultivated tomatoes, whereas the underlying regulatory mechanism of HR6-1 in soil-cultivated systems remains unclear, limiting its practical application in saline soil. Here, multi-omics approaches were used to unravel the regulatory mechanism of HR6-1-mediated salt tolerance in soil-cultivated tomatoes. Physiochemically, HR6-1 could ameliorate the properties of saline rhizosphere soil by reducing soil pH and electrical conductivity, conserving available nutrients and improving soil enzyme activities, thereby alleviating salt stress at the root interface. Meanwhile, HR6-1 improved root physiological performance under salt stress by boosting antioxidant capacity, mitigating membrane damage, maintaining Na⁺/K⁺ homeostasis, and increasing the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus, lignin and melatonin. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses further revealed that HR6-1 modulated several core salt-tolerance pathways, including lignin and melatonin biosynthesis, auxin/gibberellin signalling and antioxidant defense, accompanied by the upregulation of key genes for ion transport and stress response. Moreover, HR6-1 reshaped rhizosphere microbial community by modulating tomato root exudates (adenine, sucrose, and amino acids) to recruit beneficial microbial taxa such as <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Nocardiopsis</em>) under salt stress. Genomic, transcriptomic and in vitro functional assays further validated the growth-promoting and salt-adaptive capacities of HR6-1 under high-salt stress. This study systematically clarifies the multi-level regulatory mechanisms of HR6-1 in enhancing tomato salt tolerance and provides a promising biological strategy for sustainable tomato cultivation in saline soil, with further field validation required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Harnessing nitrogen fixing plants for a bio-solar nitrogen economy” [Resour. Environ. Sustain. 26 (2026) 100359]","authors":"Taufiq Nawaz,&nbsp;Liping Gu,&nbsp;James Young,&nbsp;Riffat Latif,&nbsp;Mazhar Sher,&nbsp;Lan Xu,&nbsp;Shah Fahad,&nbsp;Ruanbao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100368","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100368"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing nitrogen fixing plants for a bio-solar nitrogen economy","authors":"Taufiq Nawaz,&nbsp;Liping Gu,&nbsp;James Young,&nbsp;Riffat Latif,&nbsp;Mazhar Sher,&nbsp;Lan Xu,&nbsp;Shah Fahad,&nbsp;Ruanbao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fossil fuel–driven chemosynthesis of ammonia for nitrogen fertilizers is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, releasing approximately 1130 million metric tons (MMT) of CO₂-equivalent annually. In addition, the extensive use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers (≈108 MMT annually) results in substantial emissions of nitrous oxide (N₂O), while nearly 50% of applied nitrogen is lost through leaching and runoff, leading to widespread nitrate pollution and ecosystem degradation. In contrast, solar-powered biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by nitrogen-fixing plants offers a sustainable alternative that supports agricultural productivity and healthy ecosystem resilience.</div><div>BNF by leguminous and non-leguminous plants plays a critical role in reducing dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers. Legumes alone contribute an estimated 32-149 kg·hm⁻² of fixed nitrogen annually. Beyond legumes, associative, endosymbiotic, and endophytic nitrogen fixation in non-legume plants further expands the ecological and taxonomic scope of BNF. Nitrogen-enriched cropping systems, such as legume–cereal rotations, can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 88%, increase soil organic carbon stocks by approximately 8%, enhance soil microbiome activity by 45%, and provide farmers with 15–25% more stable revenues. Advances in biotechnology offer new opportunities to improve nitrogen fixation efficiency and develop novel nitrogen-fixing crops, including cereals and perennial fruit trees. By integrating nature’s evolutionary solutions (N₂-fixing plants) with modern biotechnology, agriculture can transition from a fossil fuel–based chemo-nitrogen economy to a solar-powered bio-nitrogen economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic budgets to assess the sustainability of agricultural productivity in a large-scale irrigation district","authors":"Hangzheng Zhao,&nbsp;Xu Han,&nbsp;Changming Cao,&nbsp;Ziyi Zan,&nbsp;Guangyu Chen,&nbsp;Jiamin Wang,&nbsp;Qingfeng Tang,&nbsp;Weifeng Yue,&nbsp;Yan Liu,&nbsp;Bo-Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plastics have become deeply intertwined with modern agricultural activities. However, a comprehensive plastic budget for farmland systems has not yet been established. In this study, we developed a farmland plastic balance model for a large, long-term plastic-mulched agricultural system in the Hetao Irrigation District, China, by integrating three consecutive years (2022–2024) of microplastic measurements in groundwater, surface water, and soil, monitoring shifts in hydrological conditions, and synthesizing historical agricultural data, to quantify plastic fluxes and assess plastic impacts on agricultural productivity sustainability. The results show that in 2024, 0.59 g of microplastics were generated per kilogram of grain produced; soil retained 92.35% of the microplastics generated during that year, 0.32% entered groundwater, and 7.33% was transported to surface water. The assessment indicates that the impact of plastic use on agricultural productivity is relatively limited. This study advances a systematic, multicompartment plastic mass balance framework to characterise the fate of plastics in farmland systems and provides new insights and management implications for plastic use and control in farmlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148539664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}