{"title":"Young novice driver and police officer interactions: A study of sociodemographics, reasons for traffic stops, and outcomes","authors":"Panick Kalambay , Francisca Kasubi , Clement Lippu , Boniphace Kutela , Angela Kitali , Emmanuel Kidando","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2026.101660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2026.101660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traffic stops are a common form of driver–police interactions, yet those involving young novice drivers remain understudied. This study examined the sociodemographic patterns in interactions between young novice drivers and police officers in Charlotte, North Carolina, analyzing the reasons for traffic stops and their outcomes. A binary logistic regression (BLR) model and association rule mining (ARM) were applied. The BLR model indicated that, compared to vehicle regulatory reasons, factors such as unsafe movements and speeding are associated with higher odds of stopped drivers being young novices rather than adults aged +18. Stopped non-White drivers are generally less likely to be young novices compared to White drivers, except for Hispanic drivers, who show higher odds. Additionally, stopped drivers who receive a written warning rather than a verbal one or interact with officers with 15–24 years of service, compared to junior officers, are more likely to be young novices. The ARM results revealed that young White novice drivers are frequently stopped for vehicle equipment issues. Interactions between White male officers and non-Hispanic young Black male novice drivers often result in arrests, especially when initiated by searches, involving officers with 1–3 or 4–14 years of service. Traffic stops involving young Asian female drivers mostly stem from stop light/sign violations, typically handled by White male officers. The findings can inform safety education for young novice drivers and raise awareness of traffic stop trends across police departments, fostering responsible driving behaviors and adherence to traffic laws and contributing to socially sustainable mobility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101660"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101566
Christian Ritzel
{"title":"A systematic literature review of factors influencing national food self-sufficiency","authors":"Christian Ritzel","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101566","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine, have put food self-sufficiency (i.e., the ratio between domestic production and domestic consumption) back on the political agenda in heavily food importing countries. To extract current insights into this key aspect of food security, this study aimed to identify the factors affecting food self-sufficiency and the actors and actions that influence these factors. Our research focused on actors and actions that promote sustainable development and food self-sufficiency. Here, we conducted a systematic literature review on the factors influencing national food self-sufficiency. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 92 scientific studies were identified. Using inductive coding, individual factors, such as climate change, agricultural land, population, plant-based diet, and protectionism, were grouped into external events, agricultural inputs, macroeconomic factors, dietary habits, trade and agricultural policies, urbanization, alternative agricultural production systems, and food waste and losses. Using the approach of multi-actor constellations, we also identified actors and actions that can influence these factors. The findings showed that beyond the responsibility of policymakers to develop institutional frameworks for promoting food self-sufficiency, the intensification of agricultural production and a change in consumer behavior toward a more sustainable diet, among other factors, had a positive impact on food self-sufficiency. However, a closer look revealed that the intensification of agricultural production had adverse impacts on the environment, highlighting the need for a sustainable intensification. Changing consumer behavior toward a plant-based diet was associated with positive impacts on the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101566"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101607
Dadi Zhao , Hongyu Zhang , Mei Shan , Haiyan Fan , Jinglan Wang , Jing Jing , Hexian Huang , Yaling Lu , Shuiping Deng , Dong Cao , Qijin Deng
{"title":"Air quality and health benefits of green transformation in the brick and tile industry: A case of Chenzhou, a typical industrial city in Hunan province, China","authors":"Dadi Zhao , Hongyu Zhang , Mei Shan , Haiyan Fan , Jinglan Wang , Jing Jing , Hexian Huang , Yaling Lu , Shuiping Deng , Dong Cao , Qijin Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brick and tile industry with high energy consumption, scattered distribution, and low governance level, has become one of the key obstacles for continuous air quality improvement in China, while the pollution reduction potential was rarely assessed. This study combined the bottom-up and up-down methods and applied the WRF-CMAQ and GEMM models to identify the effect of air quality improvement and health benefits in Chenzhou City of Hunan Province, where the brick and tile enterprises are densely populated. A green development path for the brick and tile industry was designed concerning the aspects of end-of-pipe treatment, technological upgrading, elimination of outdated production capacity, and fugitive emission control. Results show that by 2030 the green development path will lead the emissions of SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5</sub> drop to 45.6 %, 57.0 %, 33.5 %, 33.5 %, respectively, comparing with the current situation in 2023, the PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration will decrease by 1.97 %, about 0.65 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, and the number of deaths will be reduced by 44 people annually. By 2035, SO<sub>2</sub>, NO<em><sub>x</sub></em>, PM<sub>10</sub>, and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions will be further dropped to 6.3 %, 31.5 %, 7.6 % and 7.6 %, respectively; PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentration will drop by 0.68 % extra, approximately 0.22 μg/m<sup>3</sup>, and reduce extra 14 annual premature deaths. While considering China’s population aging trend, the health reward was even enhanced, with total 59 and 92 premature deaths avoided by 2030 and 2035 respectively. Concrete suggestions such as centralized industry, non-sintered brick technology, end-of-pipe treatment technology, are given for green upgrading, which provide quantitative references for cities with similar industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101607"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101626
Shayuti Mohamed Adnan , Waleed M. Alahdal , Faozi A. Almaqtari , Muskan Sahu , Mohammed Bajaher
{"title":"Do audit committee characteristics moderate the relationship between ESG and financial performance? Cross-country analysis","authors":"Shayuti Mohamed Adnan , Waleed M. Alahdal , Faozi A. Almaqtari , Muskan Sahu , Mohammed Bajaher","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study has a dual focus: first, to evaluate how audit committee characteristics moderate the relationship between ESG and financial performance; second, to investigate this moderation within low and high-power distance cultures. Data were collected from twelve culturally diverse countries: Austria, China, Greece, India, Indonesia, New Zealand, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, the United Kingdom, Sweden, and the United States of America. Based on a dataset of 20,336 observations from 5084 distinct companies across countries during 2019–2022, panel analysis confirmed our hypotheses. Our analysis included both direct and moderating effect models. We found that audit expertise and independence moderate the relationship between ESG and financial performance. Notably, this moderation effect was evident in both high and low power distance cultures, suggesting that the interaction between ESG and audit characteristics can enhance corporate financial performance irrespective of cultural norms. Without audit committee insights, the detrimental effect of power distance on the ESG-financial performance became evident. These results hold significant practical and theoretical implications for policymakers, internal stakeholders, academics, and investors striving to balance sustainability with financial outcomes. They demonstrate the importance of audit members' expertise and independence in fostering sustainable organisational practices, potentially guiding future policy decisions and investment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101626"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101639
Shaif Jarallah, Mouyad Alsamara, Karim Barkat
{"title":"Examining the impact of ecological footprint on life expectancy in the MENA countries: a panel threshold analysis","authors":"Shaif Jarallah, Mouyad Alsamara, Karim Barkat","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the environmental and socioeconomic determinants of health outcomes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Specifically, it investigates the relationship between environmental degradation as proxied by ecological footprint and life expectancy at birth. We analyze data from 20 MENA countries for the 2000–2022 period using pooled ordinary least squares and (static and dynamic) panel threshold regressions. We find ecological footprint to be associated with 1.159-year decrease in average life expectancy for the region. However, when our sample is decomposed into oil- and non-oil exporters, we find ecological footprint to have a positive effect on life expectancy for the former group and a negative effect for the latter. This result emphasizes contextual heterogeneity. Our threshold regression results show a non-linear effect of ecological footprint on life expectancy. These results are robust for alternative environmental proxies such as carbon dioxide emissions. Additionally, we find that improvements in gross domestic product (per capita), information communication technology, healthcare expenditure and urbanization improve average life expectancy. Meanwhile, other determinants such as unemployment, the recent Coronavirus pandemic and geo-political instability in the region impaired life expectancy. Our findings highlight tangible health costs in relation to environmental degradation that requires targeted socioeconomic policies to enhance public health in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation in the relationship between digital transformation, corporate tax reputation, and tax compliance among SMEs","authors":"Alhassan Musah , Deodat Emilson Adenutsi , Bismark Okyere","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the determinants of tax compliance among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ghana, focusing on the roles of digital transformation (DGTF), corporate tax reputation (TXREP), and the moderating influence of entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Drawing on Resource-Based View (RBV), Signalling Theory and the Dynamic Capability theory, the study proposes a conceptual framework in which EO enhances the effects of digital transformation and tax reputation on compliance behaviours. A cross-sectional survey of 900 SME owners and managers was conducted, and data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Results reveal that both digital transformation and corporate tax reputation significantly improve tax compliance. EO significantly moderates these relationships, strengthening the impact of digital transformation on tax reputation and of tax reputation on compliance, demonstrating its role as a critical contingent capability. Model robustness is confirmed through PLSpredict, SRMR, and R² (0.810), indicating strong predictive accuracy and reliability. The findings advance theory by integrating technological, reputational, and entrepreneurial factors into SME tax compliance and offer practical insights for policymakers, tax authorities, and SME practitioners seeking to enhance compliance through digitalization, reputation management, and entrepreneurial capability development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101595
I Wayan Koko Suryawan , Sapta Suhardono , Ari Rahman , Van Viet Nguyen , Chun-Hung Lee
{"title":"Citizen low-carbon choices through zero carbon lifestyle frameworks","authors":"I Wayan Koko Suryawan , Sapta Suhardono , Ari Rahman , Van Viet Nguyen , Chun-Hung Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the diversity of urban residents' preferences for low-carbon lifestyle choices in Jakarta through a comprehensive choice experiment. The population is categorized into three distinct groups: proactive green consumers, green e-verifycators, and traditionalists, identified using Latent Class Model (LCM) segmentation. The analysis reveals significant variations in Marginal Willingness to Participate (MWTP), defined as the additional time (in minutes per day) individuals are willing to dedicate to low-carbon actions, across different sustainability activities. The research quantifies MWTP, showing that basic carbon awareness activities such as estimating daily carbon footprints and choosing local and organic products average 4.28 min/day. Activities emphasizing renewable energy, including adopting renewable technologies and participating in educational efforts, demonstrate a higher MWTP of 22.60 min/day, indicating a strong preference for practical and impactful actions. The most substantial commitment to low-carbon behaviors, encompassing advanced carbon tracking, sustainable consumption, renewable energy use, and carbon offset activities, shows the highest MWTP at 34.82 min/day. This suggests a significant readiness among residents to invest in extensive low-carbon lifestyle adjustments. These findings underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary approach that integrates insights from environmental science, psychology, urban planning, and economics, while also highlighting the role of economic incentives such as carbon pricing, subsidies, and tax credits in promoting sustainable behavioral change. Such an approach is essential for effectively addressing the complexities of urban sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101589
Qi Zhang , Alessia Grassi , Mauro Vallati
{"title":"Gamification and sustainability: A review of approaches for urban mobility and climate change resilience","authors":"Qi Zhang , Alessia Grassi , Mauro Vallati","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global urbanisation trend is exacerbating environmental issues and demanding innovative solutions. In this context, the role of human behaviour is increasingly significant, hence it is crucial to increase awareness and promote behavioural change. This systematic literature review explores the critical intersection of sustainable mobility and climate change resilience within urban contexts, focusing on the transformative potential of gamification to drive behavioural change. Sustainable mobility mitigates climate impacts by reducing emissions, while climate change resilience ensures transport systems can withstand environmental disruptions. Integrating these two concepts is crucial for a climate-secure urban future.</div><div>The research findings highlight the underexplored potential of Artificial Intelligence techniques for tailoring the gaming experience to the user or context, the need for a more diverse geographical distribution of studies, and the lack of attention given to the characteristics and needs of target users. Further, this review identifies the lack of studies combining sustainable urban mobility and climate change resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101589"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101586
J. Peter Clinch , Ciarán Deegan , J. Andrew Kelly
{"title":"Building value: Hedonic pricing analysis of energy performance ratings and house prices in Dublin, Ireland","authors":"J. Peter Clinch , Ciarán Deegan , J. Andrew Kelly","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Building energy performance is a key metric in the context of decarbonising the built environment sector. Improving the energy efficiency and energy performance of homes will entail major investment decisions for governments, housing bodies and individuals. Investigating the relationship between house prices and Energy Performance Certificate ratings can inform the decision-making process for those energy efficiency investments, as well as the design and evaluation of home retrofit programmes and supports. Utilising a hedonic pricing methodology, this paper examines the influence energy efficiency attributes have on property list prices in Dublin, Ireland. The analysis is applied to a data set of over 11,000 properties in which property list prices from 2019–2022 are linked to factors pertaining to the quality and location of the property as well as the Irish BER system. The model assesses the monetary value of an uplift in BER, while controlling for factors relating to the home’s size, quality and location as well as the time of sale. Results indicate that a 10% improvement in BER performance is associated with a 0.6% increase in list price. While our results do not establish a causal relationship, these findings demonstrate a price premium of 2.6% for A and B rated homes as compared to D rated homes. In the context of an average 3-bed semi-detached home in Dublin, this translates to €12,200 of added capital value with potential relevance for individual investment decisions and policy support strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable FuturesPub Date : 2026-06-01Epub Date: 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101593
Cyrus Muriithi , Christine Kiria Chege , Issa Ouedraogo , Caroline Mwongera
{"title":"The role of product diversification in enhancing market vendor adaptability and food-system resilience in Senegal, West Africa","authors":"Cyrus Muriithi , Christine Kiria Chege , Issa Ouedraogo , Caroline Mwongera","doi":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe food insecurity in Senegal, exacerbated by climate shocks and weak infrastructure, underscores the need to understand the role of market vendors in food system resilience. Unlike producers, vendors remain understudied despite their central role in food access. This mixed-methods study examines how product diversity, measured using the Shannon-Wiener index, influences Market Vendor Adaptive Capacity (MVAC) among 691 vendors in Sedhiou and Tambacounda. Survey and interview data reveal that diversity enhances MVAC, particularly for small retail and open-air vendors offering both staple foods and nutrient-rich products. Vendor characteristics such as employing staff, extending credit, and participating in training further strengthen adaptability, while systemic constraints like poor infrastructure and high transport costs limit benefits, especially in rural areas. Results indicate that diversity functions less as an independent driver and more as a strategic outcome of vendor capacity, reframing its role within resilience theory. The study contributes by (1) linking product diversity to adaptive capacity, (2) identifying enabling and constraining factors, and (3) outlining policy directions, including infrastructure investment, financial support, and vendor training. Strengthening these areas can expand food access, bolster resilience, and advance Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) in Senegal with implication for West Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34478,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Futures","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 101593"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}