Rundong Feng , Bin Chen , Shenghe Liu , Fuyuan Wang , Kaiyong Wang , Bojie Fu
{"title":"Utilizing network optimization to mitigate rising greenspace exposure inequalities in Chinese cities from 2000 to 2050","authors":"Rundong Feng , Bin Chen , Shenghe Liu , Fuyuan Wang , Kaiyong Wang , Bojie Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban greenspaces enhance human well-being and promote sustainable development in rapidly urbanizing regions by delivering vital ecosystem services, including cooling, air purification, and recreation. In China, where cities accommodate a large share of the population amid persistent environmental pressures, disparities in greenspace exposure pose a major obstacle to equitable access; these disparities arise from geographic, climatic, socioeconomic, and landscape factors. Although awareness of such inequalities is growing, their long-term trajectories, demographic and city-scale patterns, and viable spatial optimization approaches remain largely unexplored. Here we show that greenspace exposure inequality across 246 Chinese cities increased by 25 % from 2000 to 2020 and is projected to rise further by 12.2–15.7 % by 2050 under middle-of-the-road and fossil-fueled development scenarios, disproportionately affecting older, less-educated women and megacity residents. Geodetector and random forest analyses reveal that this rise results from interactions among greenspace coverage, population density, and patch connectivity, which explain 83.9 % of the inequality. A network-based optimization approach that improves patch connectivity—without expanding total greenspace—can reduce disparities by 10.3–20.8 %, with greater efficacy in high-inequality cities and among vulnerable populations. Our results highlight how precise landscape interventions can advance social equity in greenspace access, supporting Sustainable Development Goal 11 for inclusive, resilient urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriele Ghiotto, Luca Francescato, Maria Agustina Biancalani, Laura Treu, Stefano Campanaro
{"title":"Hydrogen excess drives metabolic reprogramming and viral dynamics in syngas-converting microbiomes","authors":"Gabriele Ghiotto, Luca Francescato, Maria Agustina Biancalani, Laura Treu, Stefano Campanaro","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100637","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100637","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial communities drive essential bioprocesses, including the conversion of synthesis gas into biomethane, a sustainable energy source that supports circular carbon economies. In anaerobic environments, specialized consortia of bacteria and archaea facilitate syngas methanation through syntrophic interactions, where hydrogenotrophic methanogens play a central role in reducing carbon dioxide and monoxide with hydrogen. However, imbalances in gas ratios, particularly excess hydrogen, can disrupt these interactions and impair overall efficiency. Yet, the molecular mechanisms underlying microbial responses to such imbalances remain poorly understood. Here we show that hydrogen excess triggers profound metabolic and viral remodeling in a thermophilic anaerobic microbiome, leading to reduced methane yields and ecological instability. This reprogramming involves transcriptional downregulation of methanogenesis genes in the dominant archaeon <em>Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus</em>, coupled with upregulation of CRISPR-Cas and restriction-modification systems that correlate with diminished activity of an associated phage, indicating activated host defenses against viral threats. Concurrently, bacterial species such as those from Tepidanaerobacteraceae enhance carbon fixation via the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, serving as electron sinks to mitigate redox imbalance. These adaptive responses highlight the microbiome's resilience mechanisms under stress, revealing viruses as both stressors and selective forces in syntrophic systems. Such insights advance our understanding of microbiome dynamics in bioconversion processes and guide the engineering of more stable microbial consortia for optimized syngas-to-methane conversion amid variable feedstocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100637"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GIEHP: A global, AI-powered platform for near real-time ecological intelligence","authors":"Dong Xu, Yi-Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xi-Ze Min , Fei Chen , Zhi-Zhong Zhang , Lu Wang , Aasim M. Ali , Håkon A. Langberg , Sarah E. Hale , Gijsbert D. Breedveld , Bjørn Munro Jenssen , Åse-Karen Mortensen , Tomasz Ciesielski , Geir Wing Gabrielsen , Nan-Qi Ren , Yi-Fan Li , Zi-Feng Zhang , Roland Kallenborn
{"title":"Evidence for local sources and trophic biomagnification of bisphenols in the Arctic","authors":"Xi-Ze Min , Fei Chen , Zhi-Zhong Zhang , Lu Wang , Aasim M. Ali , Håkon A. Langberg , Sarah E. Hale , Gijsbert D. Breedveld , Bjørn Munro Jenssen , Åse-Karen Mortensen , Tomasz Ciesielski , Geir Wing Gabrielsen , Nan-Qi Ren , Yi-Fan Li , Zi-Feng Zhang , Roland Kallenborn","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Arctic, though remote, is exceptionally vulnerable to chemical contaminants that threaten its fragile ecosystems. Bisphenols (BPs), a class of endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in plastics and resins, are now detected across the Arctic, but the risks posed by their many analogues are poorly understood. Most studies have focused on documenting their presence, leaving a critical gap in our understanding of whether these compounds bioaccumulate in Arctic food webs and to what extent local, within-Arctic pollution contributes to the overall burden. Here we show, through a comprehensive analysis of 32 BPs in 134 samples from a Norwegian Arctic food web, that multiple BP analogues not only bioaccumulate but also biomagnify from plankton up to polar bears. We found that 5,5′-(1-methylethylidene)bis [(1,1′-biphenyl)-2-ol] (BPPH) exhibited the highest trophic magnification factor (TMF = 2.3), and we documented total BP concentrations in polar bear tissues up to 1396 ng g<sup>−1</sup> wet weight, orders of magnitude higher than in lower-trophic-level species. Furthermore, our analysis identified distinct local pollution sources, such as a firefighting training site releasing 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TBP) and landfill leachate contributing other BPs to the local environment. These findings provide the first evidence of trophic magnification for multiple BPs in a polar food chain and underscore the urgent need to incorporate food-web dynamics and local source management into ecological risk assessments for the Arctic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145418222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunoproteomics for wastewater-based health surveillance: A review","authors":"Jaxaira Maggi , Joaquin Abian , Antoni Ginebreda , Damià Barceló , Montserrat Carrascal","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) offers a unique window into the health and habits of communities through the analysis of pollutants and biomarkers in sewage. Traditionally focused on small molecules, such as pharmaceuticals and illegal drugs, recent advances in environmental proteomics have expanded WBE to include large biomolecules such as proteins. Notably, novel sampling methods using polymeric probes and high-resolution mass spectrometry have facilitated the detection of human and animal proteins, both soluble and in particulate material, linking them to specific populations and industrial activities. An immunological dimension to this approach is fundamental to include the recognition of host immunoglobulins, immune-response proteins, and pathogen antigens in wastewater, potentially serving as indicators of community immune status, infection prevalence, and vaccination coverage. This review consolidates the latest advancements in environmental proteomics as applied to WBE, emphasizing an immunological perspective as a comprehensive tool for assessing population health and environmental conditions to bridge environmental monitoring, public health, and clinical diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145467089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anran Ren , Zihan Dai , Xiaoming Li , Walter van der Meer , Joan B. Rose , Gang Liu
{"title":"Temperature-dependent microbial dynamics in touchless sensor faucets during short-term stagnation","authors":"Anran Ren , Zihan Dai , Xiaoming Li , Walter van der Meer , Joan B. Rose , Gang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial contamination in building plumbing systems poses significant risks to public health at the point of use. Stagnation and warm temperatures are well-known drivers of microbial regrowth, but the effects of common short-term stagnation in touchless sensor faucets—widely used for hygiene and comfort—remain poorly understood. Here we show that microbial water quality in touchless sensor faucets changes during short-term stagnation (0.25–10 h) at varying temperatures (10, 30, and 40 °C). We identify two pivotal time points—2 and 4 h—where microbial diversity decreases and <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> concentrations increase significantly, driven by accelerated chlorine decay and biofilm contributions. Heating to 30 °C maximizes microbial biomass (measured as ATP) but minimizes <em>L. pneumophila</em> proliferation, whereas 40 °C reduces biomass while promoting <em>L. pneumophila</em> growth. These findings reveal a temperature-dependent microbial water quality guarantee period of 2–4 h, beyond which flushing is necessary to mitigate health risks. Optimizing faucet temperatures between 30 and 40 °C could balance microbial safety, user comfort, and energy efficiency, offering practical guidance for managing water quality in modern plumbing systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100624"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiling Li , Tianyi Huang , Fan Chen , Junqiu Jiang , Aijie Wang
{"title":"Accelerating bioelectrodechlorination via data-driven inverse design","authors":"Zhiling Li , Tianyi Huang , Fan Chen , Junqiu Jiang , Aijie Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial electrorespiration harnesses bacteria to drive reductive dechlorination, offering a sustainable method to remediate environments contaminated with persistent chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs). However, aquifers' complex hydrogeological and hydrochemical conditions, combined with uneven COP distribution, create substantial spatial and temporal variability in biochemical reactions, environmental factors, and microbial communities. Traditional trial-and-error experiments are labor-intensive and slow, impeding the quick identification of conditions that accelerate dechlorination rates. Here we show that a machine learning framework, integrating experimental design with cathodic biofilm data, uncovers key interrelationships among environmental variables, dechlorination kinetics, electrochemical properties, and functional microbes, enabling rapid optimization of bioelectrodechlorination. Trained on literature-derived datasets using models such as extreme gradient boosting, random forest, and multilayer perceptron, this framework identifies temperature and cathode potential as primary drivers in experimental design while highlighting key biofilm genera, including <em>Clostridium</em>, <em>Desulfovibrio</em>, <em>Dehalococcoides</em>, <em>Pseudomonas</em>, <em>Dehalobacter</em>, <em>Arcobacter</em>, <em>Lactococcus</em>, and <em>Geobacter</em>. It supports inverse design to determine optimal parameters—such as cathode potential, temperature, and additives—for dechlorinating representative COPs, including tetrachloroethene, trichloroethene, and 1,2-dichloroethane, achieving reaction rate predictions with errors below 6 %. This approach surpasses conventional methods by increasing efficiency, cutting costs, and accelerating bioremediation without extensive laboratory testing. By incorporating microbial community insights into predictive models, our data-driven strategy advances the scalable application of microbial electrorespiration for COP-contaminated water remediation and paves the way for broader bioelectrochemical uses in environmental engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanjiao Li , Lianfeng Wang , Yuting Ning , Ying Yuan , Xinping Fu , Jun Cui , Yu Jiang
{"title":"Oxygen doping enhances piezo-photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine by molybdenum disulfide","authors":"Yanjiao Li , Lianfeng Wang , Yuting Ning , Ying Yuan , Xinping Fu , Jun Cui , Yu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental pollution from persistent pharmaceuticals like carbamazepine (CBZ) poses severe risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health, yet conventional treatments struggle with low concentrations and secondary pollution. Piezo-photocatalysis, which harnesses mechanical and solar energies to drive charge separation, offers a promising alternative using materials such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS<sub>2</sub>), whose layered structure enables tunable piezoelectricity but is hindered by rapid electron-hole recombination and structural instability. However, the mechanistic role of oxygen doping in repairing sulfur vacancies and enhancing symmetry-breaking for improved performance remains underexplored. Here we show that hydrothermally synthesized oxygen-doped MoS<sub>2</sub> (O<sub>5</sub>-MoS<sub>2</sub>) fully degrades 2 mg L<sup>−1</sup> CBZ in 25 min under combined ultrasound and visible light, achieving a rate constant (<em>k</em><sub>obs</sub>) of 0.13 min<sup>−1</sup>—11.4 times higher than undoped MoS<sub>2</sub>. This stems from oxygen substitution narrowing the bandgap to 1.94 eV, boosting the piezoelectric coefficient to 63 p.m. V<sup>−1</sup> (versus 26 p.m. V<sup>−1</sup>), and generating a 0.19 V built-in potential that drives charge separation, as confirmed by 4.18 μA cm<sup>−2</sup> synergistic photocurrents, density functional theory calculations revealing heightened Mo–O charge transfer (2.08–2.36 e<sup>−</sup>), and finite element simulations of deformation-induced fields. Over five cycles, O<sub>5</sub>-MoS<sub>2</sub> retains 100 % efficiency with minimal Mo leaching (1.9 %), reducing product toxicity across fish, daphnid, and algal models. These findings delineate oxygen doping's dual role in defect mitigation and polarization enhancement, paving the way for robust piezo-photocatalytic systems in real-world water purification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100639"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christaline George , Hashani M. Dharan , Lynn Drescher , Jenelle Lee , Yan Qi , Yijin Wang , Ying Chang , Serena Lay Ming Teo , Benjamin J. Wainwright , Charmaine Yung , Federico M. Lauro , Terry C. Hazen , Stephen B. Pointing
{"title":"Tropical intertidal microbiome response to the 2024 Marine Honour oil spill","authors":"Christaline George , Hashani M. Dharan , Lynn Drescher , Jenelle Lee , Yan Qi , Yijin Wang , Ying Chang , Serena Lay Ming Teo , Benjamin J. Wainwright , Charmaine Yung , Federico M. Lauro , Terry C. Hazen , Stephen B. Pointing","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine fuel oil (MFO) spills in tropical coastal environments are under-characterized despite increasing risk from maritime activities. Microbial and geochemical responses to the June 2024 Marine Honour MFO spill on Singapore's intertidal sediments were analyzed in real time over 185 days. Using metagenomics and hydrocarbon profiling, microbial community shifts and hydrocarbon degradation were quantified across visibly oiled (high-impact) and clean (low-impact) sites. Microbiomes at all sites adapted rapidly to the spill through increased diversity and abundance of genes encoding alkane and aromatic compound degradation, detoxification, and biosurfactant production. The dominant hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria differed markedly from those reported in other crude oil spills and in regions with different climates. Oil deposition intensity strongly influenced microbial succession and hydrocarbon-degrading gene profiles, and this reflected early toxicity constraints in heavily oiled areas. The persistence of hydrocarbon degradation genes beyond hydrocarbon detection in sediments suggested long-term functional priming may occur. The study provides novel genome-resolved insight into the microbial response to MFO pollution, advances understanding of marine environmental biodegradation, and provides urgently needed baseline data for oil spill response strategies in Southeast Asia and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 100623"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145128305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruixin Zhang , Zhihong Chen , Xueyan Wu , Qiming Liu , Zelin Mai , Zhiyu Zheng , Yilin Chen , Shu Tao , Yongtao Hu , Shunliu Zhao , Amir Hakami , Armistead G. Russell , Huizhong Shen
{"title":"Adjoint analysis of PM2.5 and O3 episodes in priority control zones in China","authors":"Ruixin Zhang , Zhihong Chen , Xueyan Wu , Qiming Liu , Zelin Mai , Zhiyu Zheng , Yilin Chen , Shu Tao , Yongtao Hu , Shunliu Zhao , Amir Hakami , Armistead G. Russell , Huizhong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ese.2025.100612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding and mitigating PM<sub>2.5</sub> and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) pollution remains challenging due to the nonlinear atmospheric chemistry and spatially heterogeneous nature of pollutant emissions. Traditional forward modeling approaches suffer from high computational cost and limited diagnostic resolution to precisely attribute emissions sources at fine spatial, temporal, and chemical scales. Adjoint modeling has emerged as an efficient alternative, enabling high-resolution, multi-pollutant source attribution in a single integrated framework; however, its application to simultaneous PM<sub>2.5</sub>–O<sub>3</sub> pollution episodes is limited, particularly in densely populated regions experiencing complex co-pollutant interactions. Here we apply a newly developed multiphase adjoint of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to quantify the emission sensitivities of PM<sub>2.5</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> concentrations during pollution episodes in major urban agglomerations. Our results indicate that local emissions predominantly drive PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations, contributing up to 79 μg m<sup>−3</sup>. In contrast, O<sub>3</sub> episodes are largely initiated by regional transport (3.8–7.3 ppbv), surpassing local emission contributions during episode onset. The sensitivity analyses reveal distinct spatial emission signatures and pollutant-specific influences from critical precursors, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs; up to 15.9 ppbv O<sub>3</sub>, 11.4 μg m<sup>−3</sup> PM<sub>2.5</sub>), nitrogen oxides (NO<sub><em>x</em></sub>; 16.6 ppbv O<sub>3</sub>, 13.8 μg m<sup>−3</sup> PM<sub>2.5</sub>), and ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>; up to 8.7 μg m<sup>−3</sup> PM<sub>2.5</sub>). This study demonstrates the diagnostic strength and predictive capabilities of adjoint modeling in unraveling complex source–receptor relationships. By offering detailed, pollutant-specific emission sensitivity information, our approach provides a robust foundation for precision-driven emission control strategies and improved cross-regional policy coordination, substantially advancing air quality management frameworks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34434,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Ecotechnology","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100612"},"PeriodicalIF":14.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144829185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}