Current Research in Microbial Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Plant-microbe interactions: PGPM as microbial inoculants/biofertilizers for sustaining crop productivity and soil fertility","authors":"Bibek Laishram ,&nbsp;Okram Ricky Devi ,&nbsp;Rinjumoni Dutta ,&nbsp;T. Senthilkumar ,&nbsp;Girish Goyal ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar Paliwal ,&nbsp;Narinder Panotra ,&nbsp;Akhtar Rasool","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-microbe interactions play pivotal roles in sustaining crop productivity and soil fertility, offering promising avenues for sustainable agricultural practices. This review paper explores the multifaceted interactions between plants and various microorganisms, highlighting their significance in enhancing crop productivity, combating pathogens, and promoting soil health. Understanding these interactions is crucial for harnessing their potential in agricultural systems to address challenges such as food security and environmental sustainability. Therefore, the introduction of beneficial microbes into agricultural ecosystems by bio-augmentation reduces the negative effects of intensive, non-sustainable agriculture on the environment, society, and economy, into the mechanisms underlying the application of plant growth promoting microbes as microbial inoculants/biofertilizers; their interactions, the factors influencing their dynamics, and the implications for agricultural practices, emerging technologies and strategies that leverage plant-microbe interactions for improving crop yields, soil fertility, and overall agricultural sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterization of sophorolipid under yeast-mediated submerged fermentation utilizing Agro-industrial waste","authors":"Aishwary Purohit ,&nbsp;Amar Jyoti Das ,&nbsp;Debashish Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The challenges of pollution and agro-industrial waste management have led to the development of bioconversion techniques to transform these wastes into valuable products. This has increased the focus on the sustainable and cost-efficient production of biosurfactants from agro-industrial waste. Hence, the present study investigates the production of sophorolipid biosurfactants using the yeast strain <em>Rhodotorula mucilaginosa</em> IIPL32 under submerged fermentation, employing sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate—a renewable, low-cost agro-industrial waste as the feedstock. By systematically optimizing strain adaptation, medium composition, and scaling up the process from shake flasks to a bioreactor, a maximum sophorolipid yield of 2.6 ± 0.21 g/L was achieved. Extensive characterization was conducted, encompassing emulsification index (54 %), surface tension reduction, and several chemical analyses (anthrone, iodine, saponification, lipid solubility). Advanced structural elucidation techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were employed for structural confirmation of the extracted biosurfactant. FTIR spectroscopy identified characteristic functional groups, while LC-MS revealed distinct sophorolipid congeners with varying lipid chain lengths and acetylation. NMR spectroscopy corroborated the presence of disaccharide and fatty acid components, indicating the extracted biosurfactant might be sophorolipid. This study underscores the feasibility of utilizing agro-industrial waste for the eco-friendly production of sophorolipid biosurfactants and provides detailed insights into their structural features, highlighting their potential applications across diverse fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legionella pneumophila subverts the antioxidant defenses of its amoeba host Acanthamoeba castellanii","authors":"Alban Hay ,&nbsp;Willy Aucher ,&nbsp;Romain Pigeault ,&nbsp;Joanne Bertaux ,&nbsp;Alexandre Crépin ,&nbsp;Quentin Blancart Remaury ,&nbsp;Yann Héchard ,&nbsp;Ascel Samba-Louaka ,&nbsp;Romain Villéger","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100338","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Legionella pneumophila</em>, the causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, interacts in the environment with free-living amoebae that serve as replicative niches for the bacteria. Among these amoebae, <em>Acanthamoeba castellanii</em> is a natural host in water networks and a model commonly used to study the interaction between <em>L. pneumophila</em> and its host. However, certain crucial aspects of this interaction remain unclear. One such aspect is the role of oxidative stress, with studies focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by the host and putting less emphasis on the involvement of the host's antioxidant defenses during the infectious process. In this study, we propose to examine the consequences of infection with <em>L. pneumophila</em> wild-type or with an isogenic Δ<em>dotA</em> mutant strain, which is unable to replicate intracellularly, on <em>A. castellanii</em>. For this purpose, we looked at the host ROS levels, host antioxidant defense transcripts, and metabolites linked to the amoeba's antioxidant defenses. It is known that <em>L. pneumophila</em> WT can block the activation of NADPH oxidase as soon as it enters the macrophage and suppress ROS production compared to Δ<em>dotA</em> mutant strain. In addition, it has been shown in macrophages that <em>L. pneumophila</em> WT decreases ROS at 24 h p.i.; here we confirm this result in amoebae and suggest that this decrease could be partly explained by <em>L. pneumophila</em> differentially regulated host antioxidant defense transcripts at 6 h p.i.. We also explored the metabolome of <em>A. castellanii</em> infected or not with <em>L. pneumophila</em>. Among the 617 metabolites identified, four with reduced abundances during infection may be involved in antioxidant responses. This study suggests that <em>L. pneumophila</em> could hijack the host's antioxidant defenses during its replication to maintain a reduced level of ROS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100338"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11772960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clostridium tetani bacteraemia in the plague area in France: Two cases","authors":"M.A. Boualam ,&nbsp;A. Bouri ,&nbsp;M. Signoli ,&nbsp;M. Drancourt ,&nbsp;A. Caputo ,&nbsp;E. Terrer ,&nbsp;G. Aboudharam","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Clostridium tetani</em> (<em>C. tetani</em>) bacteraemia is a rare situation, with only four case reports in the literature. Fourteen teeth from the 1590 plague site in Fédons, France, were surface decontaminated before the pulp was cultured under strict anaerobiosis with negative controls. Colonies were identified by mass spectrometry and whole genome sequencing, and <em>C. tetani-</em>specific PCR was performed using DNA extracted from dental pulps, calculus and sediments. <em>C. tetani</em> cultured in two dental pulp specimens from two individuals was firmly identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, and whole genome sequencing confirmed toxigenic <em>C. tetani</em>. In the remaining twelve individuals, no such <em>C. tetani</em> was recovered and further detection by PCR and palaeoculturomics of dental calculus and sediments surrounding the teeth in these two individuals remained negative. Toxigenic <em>C. tetani</em> which did not result from mere environmental contamination, caused bacteraemia in two individuals from a modern time plague site in France.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100339"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifaceted virus-like particles: Navigating towards broadly effective influenza A virus vaccines","authors":"Jaffar Ali Muhamad Norizwan,&nbsp;Wen Siang Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The threat of influenza A virus (IAV) remains an annual health concern, as almost 500,000 people die each year due to the seasonal flu. Current flu vaccines are highly dependent on embryonated chicken eggs for production, which is time consuming and costly. These vaccines only confer moderate protections in elderly people, and they lack cross-protectivity; thereby requiring annual reformulation to ensure effectiveness against contemporary circulating strains. To address current limitations, new strategies are being sought, with great emphasis given on exploiting IAV's conserved antigens for vaccine development, and by using different vaccine technologies to enhance immunogenicity and expedite vaccine production. Among these technologies, there are growing pre-clinical and clinical studies involving virus-like particles (VLPs), as they are capable to display multiple conserved IAV antigens and augment their immune responses. In this review, we outline recent findings involving broadly effective IAV antigens and strategies to display these antigens on VLPs. Current production systems for IAV VLP vaccines are comprehensively reviewed. Pain-free methods for administration of IAV VLP vaccines through intranasal and transdermal routes, as well as the mechanisms in stimulating immune responses are discussed in detail. The future perspectives of VLPs in IAV vaccine development are discussed, particularly concerning their potentials in overcoming current immunological limitations of IAV vaccines, and their inherent advantages in exploring intranasal vaccination studies. We also propose avenues to expedite VLP vaccine production, as we envision that there will be more clinical trials involving IAV VLP vaccines, leading to commercialization of these vaccines in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity and impact on keratinocyte cell growth of Cutibacterium acnes bacteriophages in a Cutibacterium acnes IA1- colonized keratinocyte model","authors":"Juan C Farfán-Esquivel ,&nbsp;María Victoria Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Alejandro Ondo-Méndez ,&nbsp;John M González ,&nbsp;Martha J Vives-Flórez","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acne is an inflammatory disease in which microbial disbalance is represented by an augmented population of phylotype IA₁ of <em>Cutibacterium acnes</em>. Various treatments for acne can cause side effects, and it has been reported that <em>C. acnes</em> is resistant to prescribed antibiotics. Phage therapy has been proposed as an alternative treatment for acne, given its species-specificity to kill bacteria, its relative innocuity, and its potential to manage antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Moreover, bacteriophages (phages) may modulate the microbiota and immune responses. Some studies have shown the potential use of phages in the treatment of acne. Nevertheless, the capacity to specifically reduce phylotype IA₁ and the effect of phage treatment on skin cells are poorly understood. We assessed the capacity of phages to clear <em>C. acnes</em> IA₁ and their effects on cell cytotoxicity and growth in HEKa cells<em>- C. acnes</em> IA₁ co-culture. Phylotypes IA₁ and IB had similar effects on HEKa cells, causing cytotoxicity and diminishing cell growth. Nevertheless, IA₁ caused a higher impact on cell doubling time by increasing it 1.8 times more than cell growth control group. Even though there are no phages IA₁-specific, we found phages that have a diminished effect on other phylotypes not related to acne. Phage treatment in general reduced IA₁-caused cytotoxicity, with differences in efficacy among phages. In addition, phage purification was necessary to restore metabolic activity and growth of HEKa. Overall, phage evaluation as a therapeutic alternative should include phage-bacteria interactions and their impact on skin cells because of the differences that each phage can exhibit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143241126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive effect of flavor/fragrance components on SARS-CoV-2 infections","authors":"Hidenobu Senpuku ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kato","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread to various areas of the world, and the number of infected people, seriously ill people, and deaths have increased in 2020∼2023. It is important to suppress the spread of virus from infected people to non-infected people in order to prevent the disease from becoming more severe. To protect widespread of virus, flavor/fragrances composition was selected as a convenient effective material to protect the inhibition. It was previously investigated whether flavor/fragrances composition inhibit the binding between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and host angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the infection model assay. This binding lead to natural infection of SARS-CoV-2 to tissues. In a previous report, it was found that some Flavor/fragrances compositions strongly inhibited the binding between RBD and ACE2. To clarify whether these flavor/fragrances compositions actually inhibit the infection of SARS-CoV-2, the inhibition assay of infection to VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells, the inhibition model in vitro, were performed by the treatment of these compositions. Some flavor/fragrances compositions excepting for cinnamyl alcohol, 0.25 %, strongly inhibited the infection of SARS-CoV-2 to VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells because cinnamyl alcohol could not be completely melted by PBS (pH 7.4) containing 1.5 % Tween 20 and 0.5 % BSA. Among fragrance compounds, cinnamon flavor and cinnamon mint had stronger inhibition effects on the infection effects on SARS-C0V-2 than others. The strategy of using flavor/fragrances compositions such as cinnamon flavor and cinnamon mint may be useful to protect widespread of SARS-CoV-2 in their daily lives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143013099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of disinfection methods used in the slaughterhouse environment on microbiome diversity throughout the meat production chain","authors":"Wissal Naim ,&nbsp;Julia Manetsberger ,&nbsp;Leyre Lavilla Lerma ,&nbsp;Nabil Benomar ,&nbsp;Natacha Caballero Gómez ,&nbsp;Inmaculada S. Cuesta-Bertomeu ,&nbsp;Jaime Ángel Gata Díaz ,&nbsp;Hikmate Abriouel","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slaughterhouse environments are prone to microbial contamination, influenced by factors like set-up, size and area as well as disinfection practices. Thus, effective control measures are crucial to prevent the spread of pathogens and their contaminant genes (antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors) throughout the food chain. In the present study, we assessed the microbial contamination in environmental surfaces of three slaughterhouses located in the Jaén province (Spain). We also evaluated the impact of different disinfection strategies on microbial loads and diversity by means of culture dependent and independent methods. The results revealed a statistically significant inter- and intra-specific differences in microbial loads including the most important pathogens such as pseudomonads, staphylococci, <em>Escherichia coli, Salmonella</em> sp. and <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em>. Disinfection strategies using routine disinfectant (used by the slaughterhouse), HLE disinfectant, UV, or combinations thereof showed varying effectiveness. The newly developed sustainable HLE disinfectant was most effective, while UV had the lowest disinfection strength, and routine disinfectants failed to eradicate all pathogens.</div><div>Metagenomic analysis identified Pseudomonadota as the dominant phylum, followed by Actinomycetota and Bacteroidota. Results furthermore indicated shifts from sacrifice to cold rooms, with an increase in Gammaproteobacteria, particularly <em>Moraxellaceae</em> (represented by <em>Psychrobacter cryohalolentis</em>) over <em>Acinetobacter</em> sp. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of HLE disinfectant (alone or in combination with the routine disinfectant) as a more effective disinfection measure on environmental surfaces, particularly for combating multi-drug resistant pathogens compared to other disinfection methods currently used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interrelationship between altered metabolites and the gut microbiota in people living with HIV with different immune responses to antiretroviral therapy","authors":"Xuebin Tian ,&nbsp;Zhongyao Gao ,&nbsp;Yiwen Xie ,&nbsp;Xiangyun Lu ,&nbsp;Yulong Zhao ,&nbsp;Peng Yao ,&nbsp;Mingqing Dong ,&nbsp;Lifeng Yu ,&nbsp;Nanping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively reduces opportunistic infections and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH); however, some patients exhibit poor immune recovery. This study explores the connections among immune responses, metabolites, and the gut microbiota in PLWH with differing reactions to ART.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed the gut microbiota composition, metabolites, and immune markers in 38 PLWH who showed an immunological response (IR) and 32 who did not (INR), as classified according to CD4+ T-cell levels after 24 months of ART. Additionally, in vitro assays using cell counting kit 8, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR were employed to assess the effects of the metabolites on cell viability, immune marker expression, and cytokine levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gut microbiota and metabolic profiles differed significantly between the IR and INR groups. <em>Enterococcus</em> was more abundant in the INR group, whereas <em>[Ruminococcus]_gnavus_group</em> levels were reduced. Significant metabolic pathway alterations included decreased folate biosynthesis and biotin metabolism. We observed negative associations of <em>Parabacteroides</em> with activation markers on CD4+ T-cells, and positive correlations with CD4/CD8 ratios. <em>Enterococcus</em> showed inverse relationships with these markers. Indole-3-acetyl-beta-1-D-glucoside (area under the curve value = 0.8931), had the best discriminatory ability. Further experiments showed that Indole-3-acetyl-beta-1-D-glucoside significantly decreased the proportions of CD4+CD57+, effector CD4+, CD4+PD1+, CD8+CD57+, effector CD8+, and CD8+HLA-DR+ T cells. Moreover, mRNA expression analysis showed that Indole-3-acetyl-beta-1-D-glucoside treatment led to a suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The multi-omics approach highlighted potential biomarkers for immune recovery in HIV, suggesting avenues for further research into treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic conversion of phenol to polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) for addressing dual environmental challenges: A review","authors":"Izzati Sabri ,&nbsp;Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff ,&nbsp;Nor Azlan Nor Muhammad ,&nbsp;Li Sim Ho ,&nbsp;Norhayati Ramli","doi":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sustainable approach to microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production involves utilizing waste as a substrate, which can include toxic pollutants like phenol as a carbon feedstock. Phenol-contaminated effluents offer cost-effective and readily available resources for PHA production, while simultaneously addressing phenol contamination issues. Understanding the metabolic conversion of phenol to PHA is crucial to enhance its efficiency, especially considering phenol's toxicity to microbial cells and the substrate-dependent nature of microbial PHA production. In this review, the mechanisms of phenol biodegradation and PHA biosynthesis are first independently elucidated to comprehend the role of bacteria in these processes. Phenol can be metabolized aerobically via various pathways, including catechol <em>meta</em>-cleavage I and II, catechol <em>ortho</em>-cleavage, protocatechuate <em>ortho</em>-cleavage, and protocatechuate <em>meta</em>-cleavage, as well as anaerobically via 4-hydrozybenzoate and/or n-caproate formation. Meanwhile, PHA can be synthesized through the acetoacetyl-CoA (pathway I), <em>de novo</em> fatty acids synthesis (pathway II), β-oxidation (pathway III), and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, with the induction of these pathways are highly dependent on the substrate. Given that the link between these two mechanisms was not comprehensively reported before, the second part of the review delve into understanding phenol conversion into PHA, specifically polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB). While phenol toxicity can inhibit bacterial performance, it can be alleviated through the utilization of microbial mixed culture (MMC), which offers a wider range of metabolic capabilities. Utilizing phenol as a carbon feedstock for PHB accumulation could offer a viable approach to boost PHA's commercialization while addressing the issue of phenol pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34305,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Microbial Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}