Studia Rossica Posnaniensia最新文献_第2页

Building through the flames: Polish-Jewish architects and their networks, 1937–1945 战火中的建筑波兰犹太建筑师及其网络，1937-1945 年

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.5

E. Roche

{"title":"Building through the flames: Polish-Jewish architects and their networks, 1937–1945","authors":"E. Roche","doi":"10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Before 1939, Jewish architects were active members of their profession, participating in domestic and international architectural networks and contributing to the built environment of Polish cities. From the mid-1930s, however, intensifying antisemitism and far-right political forces pressured architectural networks to exclude Jews from professional unions. The start of the Second World War and the German occupation in 1939 strained professional architectural networks but led to the formation of underground workshops, cooperatives, and other groups, whose connections extended from Warsaw through the camps and ghettos of occupied Poland. This article presents the history of Jewish-Polish architects from 1937 to 1945. Demonstrating how architectural networks reacted to changing conditions of war, occupation, and genocide, it emphasizes architectural networks as sites of political engagement, ranging from prewar antisemitic attacks on Jews and their removal from the Society of Polish Architects (SARP) to underground architectural networks that hid Jews and allowed them to work. Although the fate of Jewish architects depended largely on their relationships with their professional networks, they also actively decided how to utilize those networks to resist the Nazis and to ensure their survival. This research shows that interpersonal relationships and wartime networks were consequential in determining the wartime fates of Jewish architects and also shaped the profession’s post-war structure.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"35 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141355682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Восстановление женственности в городах, подвергшихся воздействию войны: женская активность, пространственнaя субверсия и лингвистическое сопротивление в литературе, созданной авторами-женщинами 在受战争影响的城市中重建女性特质：女作家创作的文学作品中的女性行动主义、空间颠覆和语言反抗

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.15

Anna Seidel

{"title":"Восстановление женственности в городах, подвергшихся воздействию войны: женская активность, пространственнaя субверсия и лингвистическое сопротивление в литературе, созданной авторами-женщинами","authors":"Anna Seidel","doi":"10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the staging and coding of femininity in literary works focused on cities during wartime, authored by women. Drawing on Judith Butler’s reading of Luce Irigaray and Henri Lefebvre’s The production of space, the analysis centers on the works of Lidiya Ginzburg (Zapiski blokadnogo čeloveka, 1984), Anna Świrszczyńska (Budowałam barykadę, 1974), Zlata Filipović (Le journal de Zlata, 1993), and Yevgenia Belorusets (Anfang des Krieges, 2022). The article argues that these texts challenge abstracting, phallogocentric systems of meaning on two distinct planes. First, they subvert abstract spatial structures forced on urban space by masculine power dynamics, accomplishing this through a perspective that emphasizes the city ‘from below’ and underscores the private, as opposed to the institutional, dimension of urban life. Second, they contest the erasure of the feminine in linguistic structures, shedding light on the oppression experienced by women during war and showcasing narrative and linguistic practices that reclaim agency. The article contends that these four texts not only represent deviations from conventional war narratives but also stage their own female authorship as an appeal against phallogocentric linguistic, spatial, and narrative structures. Consequently, they provide a means to articulate the precarity and marginalization of the feminine within both cities during war and economies of significance wherein the female is subjected to obliteration.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"27 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141358683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exhibiting the Great Patriotic War in Soviet capitals: Moscow, Kyiv, Minsk 在苏联首都展示伟大的卫国战争：莫斯科、基辅、明斯克

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.9

Anya Free

{"title":"Exhibiting the Great Patriotic War in Soviet capitals: Moscow, Kyiv, Minsk","authors":"Anya Free","doi":"10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"During World War II, Soviet museums constituted an important part of the war propaganda machine and were used by the Soviet state to mobilize its population and to create a public historical narrative about the war. Staff at Soviet museums began organizing war-related patriotic exhibitions from the very first days of the German invasion in June 1941. This article focuses on two types of war-themed exhibitions and museums that were prominent in the Soviet urban spaces during the war and immediately after: trophy exhibitions and exhibitions and museums that focused on constructing historical narratives about the war. Among the main topics of the latter exhibitions were partisan resistance, German atrocities, and the central role of the Communist Party and Stalin personally. While the creators of these war museums adhered to the ideological frameworks and museum content plans developed by Moscow’s professional ideologists, I demonstrate that local museum workers were able, to some extent, to deviate from centrally prescribed narratives and to engage their own agency and creativity, and that the extent of this deviation was largely defined by regional specifics and by individual efforts and local circumstances. The impact of regional differences in the narration of the war is especially evident in the comparison of the representation of the Holocaust in museums in Kyiv and Minsk. Finally, I demonstrate that local circumstances were a major factor in the fate of each museum after the end of the war.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"23 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141359169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Local History projects in the unofficial history of the city: The case of St. Petersburg 城市非官方历史中的新地方史项目：圣彼得堡案例

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.10

Anna Troitskaya

{"title":"New Local History projects in the unofficial history of the city: The case of St. Petersburg","authors":"Anna Troitskaya","doi":"10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of interpreting local history is relevant to St. Petersburg, as to many other major historical cities. This article examines phenomena united by the concepts of local (spatial) myth and urban narrative, which go beyond official discourse. Alternative images of the city, based on its concealed places of interest contrast with one of the most widespread representations of St. Petersburg – its association with the heritage of imperial culture. The selection of memorable places and stories shifts from recognizable city landmarks to other objects that reveal the history and image of particular St. Petersburg sites, people’s daily lives and peripheral issues of urban life. This approach to the exploration of urban space, a phenomenon called New Local History, is presented and explained in the article as the rediscovery of the historical potential of the city. The examples given in the article also show the possible role of New Local History in encouraging residents to develop an interest in their own history, in the problems of modernity and in participating in socially significant projects. Trends in interaction with urban space and memory practices that offer alternative interpretations of the past have been identified in various socio-cultural initiatives. In the context of Russian memory politics, this approach often becomes oppositional.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"47 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141358927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

East or West? Conflict of (hostile) narratives in Petersburg by Andrei Bely 东方还是西方？彼得堡（敌对）叙事的冲突》，安德烈-别利著

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.12

Andrzej Polak

引用次数: 0

Miejska przestrzeń pamięci (na podstawie wybranych utworów Herkusa Kunčiusa, Ričardasa Gavelisa, Grigorija Kanowicza) 城市记忆空间（根据赫尔库斯-昆丘乌斯、里查尔达斯-加维利斯、格里戈里-卡诺维奇的部分作品改编）

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.14

Walentyna Krupowies

{"title":"Miejska przestrzeń pamięci (na podstawie wybranych utworów Herkusa Kunčiusa, Ričardasa Gavelisa, Grigorija Kanowicza)","authors":"Walentyna Krupowies","doi":"10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2024.49.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyses literary representations of Vilnius as a Central and Eastern European city, whose space becomes the field where the memory of many national traditions can be observed. The analysis was conducted on the basis of two novels by Lithuanian writers, i.e. A Lithuanian in Vilnius by Herkus Kunčius and A Vilnius poker by Ričardas Gavelis, as well as the works of Grigory Kanovich, a Lithuanian-Jewish author writing in Russian, i.e. the novel The park of forgotten Jews and the autobiographical-memoir prose Dream about vanished Jerusalem. The conflict-generating aspect of memory is revealed in the works of Lithuanian writers. The city centre becomes a battlefield for the commemoration of one’s own tradition and a sphere of action against the tradition of the Other, consisting of concealing, marginalising, and removing. Kanovich’s works focus on the issue of Jewish memory in Vilnius after the Holocaust, when the ghetto ceased to exist. Memory becomes present when literary heroes look back at their past. They meet in the park to revive it together. The narration allows us to see how one of the oldest parks in Vilnius is transformed intoa Jewish memorial site.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141358679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Источники надежды в меняющейся действительности (на материале романа Бориса Пастернака Доктор Живаго) 变化现实中的希望之源（根据鲍里斯-帕斯捷尔纳克的小说《日瓦戈医生》改编）

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.4

Anna Boginskaya

{"title":"Источники надежды в меняющейся действительности (на материале романа Бориса Пастернака Доктор Живаго)","authors":"Anna Boginskaya","doi":"10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the sources of hope in the changing reality in Boris Pasternak’s novel Doctor Zhivago. The concept of changing reality is presented through the prism of Zygmunt Bauman’s sociological reflections. In Pasternak’s novel, the high concentration of events of the first part of the 20th century, filled with social upheavals and catastrophes, such as wars and revolutions, becomes part of the protagonist’s biography. The novel reveals the protagonist’s ability to find sources of hope in a hopeless environment. This ability strengths Yuri Zhivago and helps him to live and be engaged in creative activity in hard times. Yuri Andreevich finds salvation in everyday worries, which helps him to overcome chaos in post-revolutionary Moscow. Events filled with the warmth and comfort of everyday life acquire a special status. The next source of hope and inspiration in the book is a creative activity. An inexhaustible source of motivation in the novel is also nature, which is inextricably linked with the theme of creativity. For the protagonist, life is most fully revealed in compassion, active love, admiration for the world, and hope for the triumph of beauty and goodness.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"99 s395","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Анималистические гротески в фольклоре и литературе славянских народов как художественный антидепрессант и релевантный элемент культурной грамотности 斯拉夫民族民间传说和文学中的动物怪诞作为一种艺术抗抑郁剂和文化素养的相关要素

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.1

Żanna Niekraszewicz-Karotkaja

{"title":"Анималистические гротески в фольклоре и литературе славянских народов как художественный антидепрессант и релевантный элемент культурной грамотности","authors":"Żanna Niekraszewicz-Karotkaja","doi":"10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Songs with animalistic motifs are widely represented in the traditional culture of Slavic peoples. Songs with bird motifs clearly predominate, as most of them were originally connected with the archaic ritual of the bird wedding. In the course of their centuries of use, their erotic context has been reduced, and their social and didactic motifs have been strengthened. Embodied primarily in the form of grotesques (Czesław Hernas), these songs became an essential element of the cultural literacy (Eric Donald Hirsch) of the people and formed the basis of ethnopedagogy. The playful character and life-like plot collisions played a role of a peculiar psychotherapeutic means, which is confirmed by the reviews of ethnographers, as well as writers, who processed the folklore plots. In the culture of the Slavic peoples of the new time, the songs with bird motifs were most widespread, although the ritual of a bird wedding survived only among the Sorbs from Lusatia. Animalistic grotesques contributed to the socialization of a person, their awareness of themselves within various models of collective identity. This is why such poems and songs are especially relevant in the sphere of modern recreational culture, including in the field of preschool pedagogy.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"74 s330","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139146553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Студент плюс-минус Интернет, или интернет-составляющая в компетенции русиста 学生加或不加互联网，或俄语能力中的互联网部分

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.10

Larisa Mikheeva

{"title":"Студент плюс-минус Интернет, или интернет-составляющая в компетенции русиста","authors":"Larisa Mikheeva","doi":"10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Scientists describe the way young people (school children and university students) think today, as a fundamentally superficial, fragmentary, illogical mosaic. This mode of thinking significantly differs from the conceptual thinking specific to previous generations. Easy access to Internet content and electronic technologies induces students to plagiarize and to resign from independent action. The paper presents fragments of essays and exam tests bearing traces of Internet content manipulation. This practice is not considered as unethical by a number of students. However difficult it may seem to efficiently counteract the habit of copying and pasting material available online, it can be channeled into appropriate approaches and methods. To accommodate these recent changes in cognitive mechanisms, the educational material, and the theoretical elements which are offered to the modern pupils and students, one should intensively focus on contextualizing fragmentary information, providing records in the modernized forms such as modules, flowcharts, algorithms, and mind maps. This approach may help students overcome the inconsistency in the reception and reproduction of the information and avoid serious mistakes in their comprehension of the presented facts. The adaptation of the teaching techniques can form in students the skills of extracting the most important facts, following cause and effect relationships, and structuring the data accordingly.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"218 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-speech information w angielskich i rosyjskich napisach Closed Captions zawartych w serialu Эпидемия. Analiza kontrastywna Эпидемия系列中包含的英语和俄语闭路字幕中的非语音信息。对比分析

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia Pub Date : 2023-12-29 DOI: 10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.8

Daniel Piecewicz

{"title":"Non-speech information w angielskich i rosyjskich napisach Closed Captions zawartych w serialu Эпидемия. Analiza kontrastywna","authors":"Daniel Piecewicz","doi":"10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14746/strp.2023.48.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on a specific and little explored branch of audiovisual translation, namely non-speech information (Zdenek, 2015) in the Closed Captions (CC) in the Netflix production series To the lake (Russian title Эпидемия), directed by Pavel Kostomarov. The article attempts to reach a consensus in the terminological dispute between the countries of North America and Oceania (Captions) on the one hand, and the countries of Europe on the other (Subtitles). The decision to use the term “captions” and “captioning” is being justified. The method used in the research is the corpus-driven method, and the contrastive method between the intralingual captions in Russian and the interlingual captions in English. Individual types of non-speech information are compared: Speaker identifier, Language identifier, Sound effects, Paralanguage, Manner of speaking identifiers, Music and Channel identifier (Zdenek, 2015). In addition, some space is devoted to the NSI as non-verbatim. The results show a slight discrepancy in the amount of NSI used (2,020 in the English version and 2,004 in the Russian version). The greatest disproportions are noticed only at the level of individual categories. Differences were noticed, among others, in the level of the originality of data records, i.e. greater synonymy in the English version, especially in the category of Paralanguage and Sound effects. The research opens up a discussion on the condition of captions and improving accessibility in the NSI usage.","PeriodicalId":34286,"journal":{"name":"Studia Rossica Posnaniensia","volume":"217 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139145353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0