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Dark Portrayal of Gender: A Post-colonial Feminist Reflection of Bapsi Sidhwa’s The Pakistani Bride and The Ice-candy Man 性别的黑暗描绘:巴普西·西德瓦的《巴基斯坦新娘》和《冰糖人》的后殖民女性主义反思
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7919
Sayan Mukherjee
{"title":"Dark Portrayal of Gender: A Post-colonial Feminist Reflection of Bapsi Sidhwa’s The Pakistani Bride and The Ice-candy Man","authors":"Sayan Mukherjee","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7919","url":null,"abstract":"The portrayals of women by fiction writers of Indian sub-continent can be seen in the context of postcolonial feminism. Sidhwa’s novels may be a part of postcolonial fiction, which is fiction produced mostly in the former British colonies. As Bill Ashcroft suggests in The Empire Writes Back, the literatures produced in these areas are mostly a reaction against the negative portrayals of the local culture by the literatures produced in these areas are mostly a reaction against the negative portrayals of the local culture by the colonizers. About the role of postcolonial literature with respect to feminism, Ashcroft writes, “Literature offers one of the most important ways in which these new perceptions are expressed and it is in their writings and through other arts such as paintings sculpture, music, and dance that today realities experienced by the colonized peoples have been most powerfully encoded and so profoundly influential.” Indian sub-continent fiction is the continuation and extension of the fiction produced under the colonial rulers in undivided India. As such it has inherited all the pros and cons of the fiction in India before the end of colonial rule in Indo-Pak. Feminism has been one part of this larger body of literature. Sidhwa has portrayed the lives of Pakistani women in dark shades under the imposing role of religious, social, and economic parameters. These roles presented in The Pakistani Bride and The Ice-Candy Man are partly traditional and partly modern – the realities women face.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115540137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Rites Of Passage Of The Natives Of Northeast India: The Kharams Of Manipur 印度东北部土著人的成人礼:曼尼普尔的哈拉姆
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8055
W. D. Singh, O. R. Singh, T. Devi
{"title":"The Rites Of Passage Of The Natives Of Northeast India: The Kharams Of Manipur","authors":"W. D. Singh, O. R. Singh, T. Devi","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8055","url":null,"abstract":"The rites of passage are the rites and ceremonies that mark the transition of an individual from one stage to another. These processes consist of separation, transition and incorporation into the new environment. It covers birth, marriage and death. The article attempts to delve into the lifecycle ceremonies of the Kharam and Liangmei inhabitants in Manipur. In pregnancy and child birth, the Kharams take every precaution not to occur any unwanted incident to the mother and child. In naming of the child, rituals like Ratha Kakoi and Laamtol are performed for social recognition and protection of the child. In marriage, they follow clan exogamy and observe certain rituals like Asrke Ka-en and Tui Kahe. Aarke-ka-en is an omen observation performed by the Kathem (village priest) sacrificing a cock. Death is the final crisis in the lifecycle of an individual; and death rituals are meant to ensure for safe passage of the soul to the Kathikho (village of death). It is believed that the departed soul does not go to the Kathikho until the Kumbu Kathak (last mortuary rite) is performed after one or two years. And the soul of unnatural death is not permitted to live in the Kathikho. The Liangmeis also perform rites and rituals in birth, marriage and death for wellbeing, prosperity and safe journey of the soul to the land of death.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132753386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Socio-Cultural Significance Of Rih-Ngai Festival Of Kabuis Of Manipur 曼尼普尔省Kabuis黎恩节的社会文化意义
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8056
Kamei Budha Kabui, O. R. Singh, T. Devi
{"title":"Socio-Cultural Significance Of Rih-Ngai Festival Of Kabuis Of Manipur","authors":"Kamei Budha Kabui, O. R. Singh, T. Devi","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8056","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is an attempt to examine the socio-cultural significance of the Rih-ngai festival of Kabui inhabitants, Manipur. The Kabui people celebrate Rih-ngai, war festival on the 13th day of Manipuri lunar month Phairen (February) for one day every year. The practice of head hunting was gone. But, it is preserved in the form of narrative. The male members of Khangchu, male’s dormitory perform the war rituals like Ritaak Phaimei, Kabaomei, Chong Kapmei etc. at the village gate to preserve and promote the rich culture and tradition of the people. The young men have opportunity learn the tradition of their forefathers by participating in the festival. Dance and music are part and parcel in the celebration of the festival. Kabui Naga dance is popular outside the state of Manipur and it also brought a name for the community. The data are based on available primary and secondary sources.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123841254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discerning Rhetorical Techniques in Barack Obama’s Speech “A New Beginning” 奥巴马演讲“一个新的开始”的修辞技巧辨析
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7918
L. Sharma
{"title":"Discerning Rhetorical Techniques in Barack Obama’s Speech “A New Beginning”","authors":"L. Sharma","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7918","url":null,"abstract":"The prime objective of this article is to discern rhetorical techniques in US President Barack Obama’s speech “A New Beginning” delivered at Cairo University on Thursday, June 04, 2009 as part of his efforts to improve American relations with the Muslim world by evoking a vision of peace, prosperity, coexistence and cooperation.   Some major sentences or assertions were taken from his speech and were evaluated as analysis which involved rhetorical techniques to persuade his audience. Mr. Obama felt the necessity of removing burning suspicion, mistrust and discord between America and the Muslim World. He proposed a new beginning between the United States and Muslims around the world, based upon mutual interest and mutual respect. He highlighted common principles of justice and progress; and valued the tolerance and the dignity of all human beings. It can be concluded that Mr. Obama’s rhetorical techniques used to persuade his audience were influential and his assertions trustworthy.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123883212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mortuary Customs Of The Meiteis Of Manipur: A Historical Study 曼尼普尔梅特人的丧葬习俗:一个历史研究
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8051
S. Devi, O. R. Singh, T. Devi
{"title":"Mortuary Customs Of The Meiteis Of Manipur: A Historical Study","authors":"S. Devi, O. R. Singh, T. Devi","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8051","url":null,"abstract":"The rites of passage are the rites and ceremonies that mark a critical transition in the life cycle of an individual from one status to another in a given society. It covers birth, marriage and death. Death is the last crisis in the lifecycle of an individual. Siba means death in local dialect. It is believed that when the soul leaves the body permanently the man dies. The paper is an attempt to throw light on death and related customs of the Meiteis. There were four kinds of funeral systems such as disposal of dead body in the wild place, in the fire, in the earth (burial) and into the water (river). Disposal of dead in the fire (cremation) in Meitei society commenced from the time of Naophangba. But, the practice of cremation was prevalent among the Chakpas from the very early times. In ancient times, dead body was exposed; the dead body was kept throwing about in the Sumang (the space in front of the house) in the Khangenpham and a bird called Uchek Ningthou Lai-oiba which took away the dead body to a river called Thangmukhong in Heirok. Usually, funeral rites were considered as unclean; therefore, the performers had to wash and cleanse their body. They believe in a future life and in the survival of the soul. The data are based on available primary and secondary sources.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"9 5-6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120906967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contextualisation Of Conflicts Between Tradition And Modernity In Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red 帕慕克《我的名字是红》中传统与现代冲突的语境化
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7917
A. Ezhugnayiru
{"title":"Contextualisation Of Conflicts Between Tradition And Modernity In Orhan Pamuk’s My Name Is Red","authors":"A. Ezhugnayiru","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7917","url":null,"abstract":"Orhan Pamuk’s fictional world is stacked up with ambiguities and peculiarities of need. His books are stacked up with the challenges of adherence to the custom of the East and the progression of the West. His books portray the propelled Turkey got between the arrangement to transform into a typical and westernized state and the draw of Islamic fundamentalist who try to keep up the Turkish culture. In My Name Is Red, Pamuk reintroduces Ottoman social history and Islamic style into popular culture through various storytellers. In My Name is Red Pamuk endeavors to set the discourse between the conventionalist driving forces of Turkey and the Modernists rolling. The conventionalist driving forces request that a craftsman should not fall prey for the money. All through the novel Pamuk endeavors to research the differentiations among East and West with the help of the miniatures. His works are the mix of Eastern and Western systems, events and styles through which he endeavors to go between these two universes.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123027614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The anti-Partition and Swadeshi Movement in Assam 阿萨姆邦的反分治运动
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8087
Fakrul Islam Laskar
{"title":"The anti-Partition and Swadeshi Movement in Assam","authors":"Fakrul Islam Laskar","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8087","url":null,"abstract":"The anti-Partition and Swadeshi movement had its both national and provincial facets. While the partition of Bengal in 1905 provoked indignation throughout India, the provincial and in some cases the local issues also undoubtedly determined the nature and extent of the particular responses. The people of Bengal advocated for a united province while the people of Bihar and Orissa wanted separate provinces. Assam had special reason to be feared as it had now been added with the districts of Eastern Bengal.  In 1874, when Assam was separated, it was expected that the separation of the province would give an opportunity to the Chief Commissioner to have a close supervision and he could adopt necessary steps for improving the backward condition of the province. But the people of Assam had the fear that by tagging the province once again with the much advanced districts of Bengal would nullify all the good that had been realized during the time of Chief Commissionership. The innate desire of the Assamese people living in the Brahmaputra Valley to preserve their distinct identity brought them to the anti-partition movement.   ","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127632697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Belief In Life After Death Among The Zeliangrongs Of Northeast 东北泽良绒人的死后信仰
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8058
Kamei Budha Kabui, O. R. Singh, T. Devi
{"title":"Belief In Life After Death Among The Zeliangrongs Of Northeast","authors":"Kamei Budha Kabui, O. R. Singh, T. Devi","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8058","url":null,"abstract":"The Zeliangrong people who follow the indigenous religion believe in life hereafter, land of dead, Thuntadijang and Heaven. It is believed that Buh, soul is not born and does not die since it originates from Tingkao Ragwang, the Supreme God. The life and death of man is indicated by the presence or absence of soul. After the disintegration of physical body, human soul goes to Taroilam, the land of death where he will face the judements given by Taroigwang, the king of the dead based on his past deeds. The pious soul will be sent to Tingkao Kaidai, Heaven where he will remain in peace forever. While the good soul who did less bad and more good will be permitted to live in Taroilam. The sinner will be sent to Thuntadijang, a stage of degraded form of life which is almost equivalent to the extinction of life. However, there is no concept of hell and permanent extinction of life in Zeliangrong indigenous religion known as Tingkao Ragwang Chapriak.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129928150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cities of Hope and Despair: Shattered expectations in Dattani' s 'Seven steps Around the Fire' 希望与绝望的城市:达塔尼《绕火七步》中破碎的期望
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7741
Z. Mehdi, Shravan Kumar
{"title":"Cities of Hope and Despair: Shattered expectations in Dattani' s 'Seven steps Around the Fire'","authors":"Z. Mehdi, Shravan Kumar","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7741","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper aims at the portrayal of shattered expectations of the marginalised class. Dattani is a man of fine intellect who prefers to highlight the plight of the oppressed ones. His plays tackle the plays that generally discuss the tabooed subjects efficiently. Dattani’s plays deal with the lives of urban class. The cities of hope turn out to be the disastrous places where the victims only suffer in the hands of the established and powerful people of the society. The paper also intends to portray the arbitrary nature of the oppressor. The plays project the power in full strength over a common man. The target of the paper is to depict the silent social voices that often do their best in the deterioration of the lives of those who come under the scrutiny of the privileged class. The paper however aims at the basic human instinct that hopes for betterment but gets nothing more than humiliation. Dattani shows that education has not improved the basic nature of a man, who has to choose between barbarism and humanity; however he chooses the first one.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120946837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana: An Initiative under Financial Inclusion Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana:普惠金融倡议
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-25 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7742
D. K. Gupta, Amaduddin Ahmad
{"title":"Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana: An Initiative under Financial Inclusion","authors":"D. K. Gupta, Amaduddin Ahmad","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7742","url":null,"abstract":"Indian Government consistently makes its efforts towards inclusion of vulnerable section in organized financial system. This system might not only provide huge amount of cash flow to boost Indian economy but it could also help the government to facilitate inclusive growth through offering different services scheme like MNAREGA payment, pension, various subsidies etc. For the inclusive growth of the Indian economy, the GOI started Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojanain 2014. Financial inclusion is an innovative idea in India, which empowers the alternative new techniques to encourage the banking traditions and acts for reducing the poverty. Household coverage of this scheme is better in the district wise account opening report of Uttarakhnad state. We can say that PMJDY is playing a significant role in creating a universal platform for inclusive growth in India.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130301125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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