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Transportation means on the caravan roads of the late middle ages 交通工具在中世纪晚期的商队道路上
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-28 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7858
Ergashev Jakhongir Yunus ugli
{"title":"Transportation means on the caravan roads of the late middle ages","authors":"Ergashev Jakhongir Yunus ugli","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7858","url":null,"abstract":"In the following article the info is given on the means of the transport used in the caravan routes in the trade-economic relations of khanate of Bukhara with neighboring countries in medieval times. Included there, the starting of domestication and usage of horse drawn vehicles, camels, donkeys and others, the capacity of daily load of camels, horses, donkeys which were core of caravans, their daily distance, the necessary tasks in the incidents occurred in caravan routes (injuries, bruises, contagious diseases) the stopping regulation of caravans (sand storm, in heat and frost) is thoroughly analyzed.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"43 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123508382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Traditional Games Of Manipur With Special Reference To Sagol Kangjei (Polo): A Fresh Survey 曼尼普尔邦传统游戏与马球:新考察
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8053
W. D. Singh, O. R. Singh, S. Devi
{"title":"Traditional Games Of Manipur With Special Reference To Sagol Kangjei (Polo): A Fresh Survey","authors":"W. D. Singh, O. R. Singh, S. Devi","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8053","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is a fresh survey on the indigenous games of Manipur with reference to Sagol Kangjei. The Meiteis of Manipur have keen interest in their indigenous games as it does ensure not only good health but also promotes in preservation of cultural heritage of the people. The genesis of the different indigenous games like Kiyang Lamjel, Sagol kangjei, Khong kangjei, Kang etc. may be traced in the ancient texts and other chronicles. The history of Sagol kangjei is vague. It is said that the playing of Sagol kangjei started during the reign of Kangba before the birth of Christ. Kangjei means Kangba’s stick and Sagol means horse. Sagol kangjei literally means king Kangba’s hokey on horseback. The ball used in playing Sagol kangjei is known as kangdrum or Kangba’s round object (ball among the Manipuris). According to tradition two teams known as North team and South team led by Marjing and Thangjing respectively played Sagol kangjei. Judges were selected by the Kangbural, the head of the tournament committee which consisted of Hantre Hunna Am (one starter), Matai Yengba Ani (two line judges), Panjal Paba Ani (two goal judges), Panjal Eba Ama (one scorer) and Moibung Khongba Ama (one buglar). There are no goal posts in this game. Goal line determines the end of the two boundaries of the rectangular field. To score a goal the ball must cross the line. There is no offside in this game. The game is now played in two styles- the Pana (original Manipuris style) and the International style Polo. Though the claim of being the state of origin of the Polo or Sagol kangjei has been made by a number of countries in the world it is indeed a fact that the present international game Polo owes its origin to Manipur.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"399 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124710905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ideological Manifestations: An Analysis of Alexander William Kinglake’s Journey to Ottoman Syria 意识形态表现:亚历山大·威廉·金莱克的奥斯曼叙利亚之旅分析
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7965
Lama Jamal Eddin Jneidy
{"title":"Ideological Manifestations: An Analysis of Alexander William Kinglake’s Journey to Ottoman Syria","authors":"Lama Jamal Eddin Jneidy","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7965","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will look into A. W. Kinglake’s travel book Eothen (First published in 1844) focusing on the episodes of his journey concerning Greater Syria in particular in an attempt to critique it as a work of pure ideology whereby the region is portrayed as a lawless jungle dominated by oppression and violence taking into consideration the socio-political environment of the country at the time. It is a contextual reading of the text as an endeavour to point out to the author’s failure in capturing the entirety of Syria’s reality and in giving it justice by focusing on transient situations and magnifying them while ignoring all that is positive. Constructed upon the extremity of a utopic/dystopic society, that is of West and East, Eothen does not manifest any form of positive cross-cultural encounter. On the contrary, it affirms the separation between a European progressive civilized self and a degenerate other.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115306704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The History Of Education And The Literary Development Of The Bodo In The Brahmaputra Valley 雅鲁藏布江流域博多人的教育史与文学发展
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7916
O. R. Singh, U. Basumatary
{"title":"The History Of Education And The Literary Development Of The Bodo In The Brahmaputra Valley","authors":"O. R. Singh, U. Basumatary","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7916","url":null,"abstract":"The education is regarded as the invincible element for the development of a society. Without the progress of education the rate of development index of a particular society cannot be measured. The Bodos are the single largest aboriginal tribe living in the Brahmaputra valley of Assam from the time immemorial. They possessed rich socio-cultural tradition and solid language of their own. In the early 19th century on the eve of British intervention in Assam the condition of education among the Bodos was completely in a stake. It was after the adoption of the education policy in Assam by British Government the ray of educational hope reached to the Bodos. It was undeniable fact that the Christian Missionaries also played an important role in disseminating western education among the Bodos through their evangelical objectives in view. They established many schools in the remote places of the Bodo populated areas to spread the education. Besides that the Christian Missionaries left many literary activities among the Bodos as a credit in their account. These missionary activities awaken the educated elite sections of the Bodos to promulgate social reform movement by the means of literary activities. As a consequence in the early part of the 20th century under the banner of Boro Chatra Sanmilani some of the educated Bodo youths had started to publish series of magazines like Bibar, Jenthoka and Alongbar etc. and many others. This process of literary development among the Bodos stimulated the trend of social awakening and paved encouragement to the new generation towards the path of enlightenment.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126941403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Historiography of National Movement: A Case of ‘Indian India’ 民族运动史学:以“印度印度”为例
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8057
M. Sabnis
{"title":"Historiography of National Movement: A Case of ‘Indian India’","authors":"M. Sabnis","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8057","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Indian historians has focused most of its attention on writing history of British India and discourses on the princely states or ‘Indian India’ was left to the margins. The Princely states which consisted of at least half of population and region in the pre-independent times did not experience the strength of national movement. There were two contradictory responses from the states. On the one hand the rulers were believed to be in cahoots with the colonial government and on the other people of some of the princely states went against their own rulers and supported the Indian national movement. This paper highlights various writings on the idea of nationalism in the princely states and its binary responses.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132634564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Traditional Knowledge and Social Taboos of the Bodo on Birth 博多人出生的传统知识与社会禁忌
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-27 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8052
O. R. Singh, N. Bargayary
{"title":"Traditional Knowledge and Social Taboos of the Bodo on Birth","authors":"O. R. Singh, N. Bargayary","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.8052","url":null,"abstract":"The Bodo are one of the indigenous ethnos of Assam who are supposed to have been migrated from East and South East Asian regions at different periods of time in the successive waves of movements. The ancestors of the Bodo gifted rich conventional knowledge and tradition relating to the birth. The formulated traditional methods and techniques by the forefather of the Bodo are stilled initiated over centuries based on trial and error method. The rich treasure of the traditional knowledge of the Bodo on the birth is the area of the virgin for research which to be explored more and more. Every society has own customs and traditions or totem and taboo on the birth of a child. In the society of the Bodo there is well established tradition on to the birth. The present paper dealt with the Bodo who mainly concentrated in the Brahmaputra valley.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127382904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Right to Education Act, 2009: A Study of Haryana 2009年《受教育权法》评价:哈里亚纳邦研究
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7747
Joginder P. Singh
{"title":"Evaluation of Right to Education Act, 2009: A Study of Haryana","authors":"Joginder P. Singh","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7747","url":null,"abstract":"The Right to education,2009 is a historical right in India with a commitment to provide free and compulsory education to all children up to the age of 14. The Haryana government has notified its rules under the title “Rules for Haryana State under Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education 2010.”The study is based on mainly secondary data. An attempt has been made to examine the government’s initiative to ensure its effective implementation and also suggest measures for the improvements. The results indicate that The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009 seems to have remained on paper more not only in the Haryana but in other states also.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
India And South East Asia: Continuty And Changes In A Globalised World 印度和东南亚:全球化世界的延续和变化
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7743
K. Bala
{"title":"India And South East Asia: Continuty And Changes In A Globalised World","authors":"K. Bala","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i4.7743","url":null,"abstract":"The paper basically aims to critically examine and analyze the relationship that dwells between India and the South East Asian nations in the globalized inter connected world. The paper specifically tries to cater to look into the matter with respect to the inception of the process of globalization and how that has evolved with the process of time there by leading to a complete metamorphosis of South East Asian region as a whole. The traditional aspects, concerns of economic nationalism, the region emerging as a powerful geopolitical entity, issues of cultural homogeneity are the points of focus, however major emphasis has also seen laid to study the evolution of the individual as a potent agent in the process of globalization studies since it tries to look beyond the institutional approach so that the same can be looked from a new angle.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116565686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mahatma Gandhi’s Contribution To Indian Nationalism 圣雄甘地对印度民族主义的贡献
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7857
Joginder P. Singh
{"title":"Mahatma Gandhi’s Contribution To Indian Nationalism","authors":"Joginder P. Singh","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7857","url":null,"abstract":"Mahatma Gandhi has given a significant contribution to grow the ‘Nationalism’ in India. In order to inculcate the spirit of ‘Nationalism’ within himself, an experience of stay in South Africa, has given rise to take initiate of the ‘Nationalism spirit.’ Subsequently, his views on politics, the truth, the ‘Satyagrah’ and secular views on religious faith have given rise to ‘cementing force’ to develop ‘Nationalism’ in India. The other views on women’s right, decentralized democracy by empowering the Gram Panchayats, the rural development and the vision on ‘Ram Rajaya’ have cumulatively, have been proved conducive to grow the ‘Nationalism’ in India. The factors like Gandian philosophy on non-cooperative movement and the mode of boycotting the British discriminative policy against Indians, an active participation of the people, different strata of society have given rise to grow ‘Nationalism’ among the people, belonged to different strata of Indian societies, pressure groups and religious leaders of India.","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124306400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Origin of the Tai-Phake community of the Brahmaputra valley and their acculturation with the greater Assamese society 雅鲁藏布江流域泰帕克社区的起源以及他们与阿萨姆邦社会的文化适应
History Research Journal Pub Date : 2019-09-26 DOI: 10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7966
B. Lahkar, Jetmoun Chakhap
{"title":"Origin of the Tai-Phake community of the Brahmaputra valley and their acculturation with the greater Assamese society","authors":"B. Lahkar, Jetmoun Chakhap","doi":"10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26643/hrj.v5i5.7966","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper tries to throw some light on the origin of Tai-Phake community living in selected pockets of Assam and deal with the change in life and culture of Tai-Phake community of Namphake village. The Tai-Phake people were originally from the Hu-kwang valley of Myanmar.  They migrated in and around 1775 from Hu-Kwang valley to Assam in search of better life. To sustain their lives the people settled around the river side because of availability of water for various works. Water also helps them for cultivation of crops i.e. agriculture, which was their main occupation. The river plays an important role in the Tai-Phake community of Namphake village. The process of modernization is observed with the help of comparison in lifestyle, food, traditional practices among the older generation and new generation. Many of the festivals have vanished because of the irregular practices. There is influence in the language of the Tai-Phake community because of acculturation with different culture like the Assamese, Bengali etc. Monastery was considered to be the place where people worship, cultural gathering and educational hub but in the present period it is used only for worshipping and considered as a tourist hub. The people of  Namphake village has tried to hold on to their original customs and beliefs and has preserved it by arranging evening classes of tai languages for the people, wearing traditional dresses during festival and marriage festivals and marriages. Conclusions are drawn based on the analysis of the collected information during the survey time. ","PeriodicalId":342354,"journal":{"name":"History Research Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129647573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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