S. Digă, Nicolae Digă, P. Mircea, M. Nicolae, I. Pătru, R. Dinu
{"title":"Considerations on Electromagnetic Disturbances Produced by LEDs Light Sources","authors":"S. Digă, Nicolae Digă, P. Mircea, M. Nicolae, I. Pătru, R. Dinu","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211262","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a series of theoretical and practical aspects are presented in the first instance that refer to the performances of a semi-anechoic chamber that exists within the profile laboratory at the National Institute for Research, Development and Testing in Electrical Engineering – ICMET Craiova. Measurements of electromagnetic disturbances were carried out at this location, which two LED lighting devices, namely a Flexi LED & Flash light tube and a LED projector, transmitted into the power supply network. Then the authors made a comparative analysis of the practical results obtained from these measurements of electromagnetic disturbances transmitted by conduction in one of the frequency domains (from 9 kHz to 30 MHz) provided by the reference standards.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"22 39","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114043750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Distorting Regime at the Connection of Photovoltaic Plants to Grid","authors":"Ihsan Mizher Baht, P. Nicolae, I. Nicolae","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211544","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with theoretical and practical aspects related to the photovoltaic (PV) systems operation. Their wide utilization in the last years brings a lot of benefits but also exhibits drawbacks related to non-sinusoidal regimes and stability of the systems to which are connected. Particular aspects related to the integration of a photovoltaic system in an islanded network, respectively in an infinite power network, are addressed. The voltages and currents near the inverter, near the PV panels and near the grid to which the PV system is connected are studied. The harmonic decompositions of voltages and currents from various points of the system are analyzed. Voltage and current filtering solutions and the method of connecting active filters are analyzed. The influence of the filters on the various connection points of the active filters is approached, establishing optimal active compensation solutions.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"302 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121666291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raluca-Cristina Presură Nicolae, S. Enache, M. Nicolae, I. Vlad
{"title":"Determination of Operating Characteristics for Asynchronous Generators Connected to the Power Grid","authors":"Raluca-Cristina Presură Nicolae, S. Enache, M. Nicolae, I. Vlad","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211565","url":null,"abstract":"A method for determining the operating characteristics of an asynchronous generator is proposed. An indepth study about the asynchronous machine operating as a generator connected to the power grid is performed. The use of asynchronous generators with squirrel-cage rotor is settled as a good solution due to good dynamic performances, lack of brushes, lack of an additional dc power source or low maintenance costs. Numerous simulations are developed for highlighting the advantages of the asynchronous generator connected to the grid. The proposed mathematical model allows for a settling of the operating characteristics and provides a way to perform the energy balance. These results justify the research carried out, which provides qualitatively and quantitatively correct simulations for the stationary and dynamic regime of the asynchronous generator.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131180907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Analysis of Short-Circuited Microstrip Dipole on Different Dielectric Substrates","authors":"Hatice-Andreea Topal","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211489","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to analyze and compare the performance of a symmetric dipole antenna made in microstrip technology, on different dielectric substrates to observe the performance of the dielectric substrate in the case of the performance of an antenna that aims to be implemented in a radio link system for UAV/ aircraft. In order to be able to state which frequency band has the designed symmetrical dipole, as well as the effect of the dielectric substrate on its performances, the following parameters of interest will be analyzed: VSWR - Voltage Standing Wave Ratio; impedance value; antenna gain and aperture angle corresponding to the directivity characteristic. This work aims to highlight the influence of the dielectric substrate on the performance of the symmetric dipole antenna made in microstrip technology. And the antenna type analysis aims to design the radiating element of a two-dimensional antenna network that can be implemented in the aeronautical field. The microstrip technology implies by its geometry a structure with low weight and small dimensions that can be embedded on the UAV/aircraft. So dimensions and weight are two very important criteria in the aeronautical field, the lighter the aircraft, the more maneuverable and operational it is.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115034368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrostatic Field Interaction Analysis With Photovoltaic Cells For Solar-Powered UAV","authors":"A. Buzdugan, N. Jula","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211274","url":null,"abstract":"The development of photovoltaic sources is currently contributing to new aerospace applications and the global trend is towards the increased use of green energy in both terrestrial and aerial applications. This study focuses on the possibility of using photovoltaic cells to supply electricity to consumers on board a UAV. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effects resulting from the interaction of the electrostatic field with the photovoltaic cells, mounted on the wings of a UAV, under the influence of different values of solar radiation. An experiment was conducted to validate the hypothesis proposed in this study, in which a photovoltaic structure, integrated on the surface of a NACA 0012 airfoil, was exposed to the electrostatic field produced by a Van der Graaff generator. The results show the appearance of an electrical voltage, additional to that generated by the photovoltaic system and independent of the intensity of the light radiation. These results have important practical applications, as they demonstrate the feasibility of developing photovoltaic systems capable of generating electricity independently of the existence of a light source.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121310890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About Analysis of Emissions from a Switched Mode Power Supply","authors":"P. Nicolae, M. Voinea, Ilie Sorin, Iurie Nuca","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211676","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is dedicated to the analysis in the frequency domain of the currents (in common mode and differential mode) which generate conducted emissions in the supplying cable of the equipment containing a switch mode power supply (SMPS). The performed simulation considers the standard CISPR 16-1-2 which refers to specifications, methods, and test apparatus for the measurements of disturbances and immunity to conducted emissions. One proposes solutions to limit and control the conducted emissions generated by the SMPS within the supplying cable that result into noise currents and high frequency currents within the range 150 kHz – 30 MHz that might interfere with other electric equipment. Various ways to limit the mentioned emissions are simulated and analyzed. The influence of the duty-cycle over the frequency spectrum from the conducted emissions range is considered and the worst case is determined. The conclusion is that the optimum filtering solution involves the use of an EMI filter, the results being compared to the CISPR 22 standard.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121791284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iurie Nuca, Lu Wan, P. Nicolae, I. Nicolae, F. Grassi, Xinglong Wu
{"title":"Analysis of Common Mode Currents and Harmonic Pollution at Supplying Induction Motors from Static Converters with Variable Modulation Frequency","authors":"Iurie Nuca, Lu Wan, P. Nicolae, I. Nicolae, F. Grassi, Xinglong Wu","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10212014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10212014","url":null,"abstract":"The problems of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) in three-phase systems are less studied than single-phase or direct current, due to the smaller ratio of emissions relative to the rated power of such systems. This paper is focused on the problem of emissions in three-phase variable frequency drive systems in the low-frequency EMC range, specifically on the common mode current through the connected ground wire between the static converter and power grid. The common mode current is determined to be variable depending on switching frequency. For a deeper understanding Fast Fourier Transform was used to decompose the signal. Main parameter to understand the magnitude of common mode current was the RMS of the current. The decomposition showed a significant DC component which cannot be picked up by the used RF probe, thus presenting a noise offset necessary to be considered when calculating the total effective value of common mode current. The analysis was made on the time-domain representation and the frequency behavior of the converter. The paper suggests that the standard measurement in the low-frequency range and the picked-up signal are investigated enough, as there is a disparity in the impact of emissions in the low-frequency range compared to what off-the-shelf devices have to offer, which are standard compliant, but still present considerable emissions.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132931193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolae-Alin Niculescu, J. Corcau, Anton Matei Toma, L. Dinca, Codrut Nesin
{"title":"Conceptual Proposal for an IAK-52 Aircraft Simulation Workstation","authors":"Nicolae-Alin Niculescu, J. Corcau, Anton Matei Toma, L. Dinca, Codrut Nesin","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211311","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a concept for developing a flight workstation that can ensure the training capability of military pilots, by simulating flight conditions with IAK-52 type aircraft. The workstation’s specific mission is to provide a training framework for aircrew in operations and maneuvers specific to flying the IAK-52 aircraft through virtual training. The advantages and capabilities proposed by the development of the workstation for the IAK-52 plane are: raising to new training standards for the novice pilots by diversifying the training program; increasing the quality of training in safe conditions and making material and financial savings; the possibility of training to solve special situations that may arise on board the aircraft; ensuring pilot training in different weather conditions; creation of a simulated aerodynamic model corresponding to the IAK-52 aircraft; pilot training in real navigation missions using digital charts; the formation of skills and automatisms through the very precise replication of the cabin, contacts, control elements, levers and levers in the cabin. The current work aims to provide an overview of how to realize the training station by presenting the component elements of the system and by indicating how to connect, place and use them to obtain a functional product, as close as possible to the characteristics of the airplane IAK-52.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125835067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"About Measurement System in Stations and Substations using Original Data Acquisition Systems","authors":"I. Nicolae, P. Nicolae, M. Nicolae","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211817","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with a method and measurement system designed for the simultaneous monitoring and recording of time variations of electric quantities with no inter-correlation requirements. The method and measurement system were obtained by realizing a multi-unit data acquisition system (MUDAS), relying on at most 3 independent data acquisition systems which operate jointly, in a synchronous way, by means of a synchronizer. Because each of the individual data acquisition system can acquire data for at most 8 electrical quantities (4 voltages and 4 currents), the maximum total number of electrical quantities to be monitored, acquired, and transferred simultaneously to a central control unit is equal to 24. The sampling rate allows for the determination of power quality parameters according to existing standards. MUDAS can also be used in a structure with only 2 individual data acquisition system, in order to simultaneously acquire and display at most 16 electrical quantities. Two examples of utilization of MUDAS are presented.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"16 16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126163436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antenna Arrays with Radiating Element a Symmetrical Dipole","authors":"Hatice-Andreea Topal","doi":"10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PQEMC-LF58184.2023.10211968","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, the analysis of phased antenna arrays made in microstrip technology that can be arranged on an aircraft/UAV is proposed. The antenna arrays will have as a radiating element a symmetrical dipole, the dimensions of the analyzed antenna arrays will be 2x2 and 4x4, with a working band of [4–6] GHz, a gain that increases directly proportional to the number of elements reaching the maximum value of about 12 dB, the input impedance of the antenna arrays of 50Ω and to obtain a good match the VSWR - Voltage Standing Wave Ratio is considered to be less than 2. The design algorithm of the radiating element will be described, the parameters that will be analyzed: the reflective coefficient, the gain and the opening angle of the antenna arrays. Also, 2x2 and 4x4 antenna array structures will be analyzed. It is desired to highlight the advantages of an antenna array, such as the increase in gain directly proportional to the number of elements, the selectivity of the opening angle of the directivity characteristic. These advantages are paramount in the field of aircraft radars because the structure of the antenna arrays is desired to be as simple and light as possible with better performance and selectivity. With the help of this type of symmetric antenna arrays structure, the monopulse tracking system, a system often found in radars on multirole aircraft, can be implemented. The design and analysis of structures made using microstrip technology will be developed within the Ansys Ansoft-HFSS V15.0 design and simulation program.","PeriodicalId":341783,"journal":{"name":"2023 Power Quality and Electromagnetic Compatibility at Low Frequency (PQEMC-LF)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129187739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}