Developments in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"Density-adaptive geospatial framework for high-resolution seismic microzonation in digital construction","authors":"Taek-Kyu Chung ,&nbsp;Han-Saem Kim ,&nbsp;Chang-Guk Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an advanced geospatial framework for Seoul, utilizing a database of over 29,000 boreholes to develop a high-resolution pseudo-3D shear-wave velocity field. By implementing site-specific SPT-<em>N</em> correlations, the framework captures intra-stratal heterogeneity and vertical stiffness gradients often masked by stratigraphic averaging. A density-adaptive mosaic-based interpolation was employed to estimate bedrock depth (<em>H</em>), time-averaged shear wave velocity (<em>V</em>_<em>S30</em>) and fundamental period (<em>T</em>_<em>G</em>), effectively mitigating the “smoothing effect” inherent in ordinary kriging. The model achieved an average 36.56% reduction in cross-validation RMSE across all primary parameters and a 50% reduction in <em>V</em>_<em>S30</em> RMSE against 9999 independent downhole records. <em>T</em>_<em>G</em> was identified as the critical factor for localized resonance risk. The resulting 5 m resolution zonation maps delineate seismic hotspots and alluvial micro-zones previously obscured in macro-scale assessments, providing a robust geospatial template for lot-level hazard mitigation and seismic design code refinement within the digital construction paradigm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From laboratory formulation to in situ evaluation: PCM-enhanced lime-pozzolan-cement mortars for thermal retrofit of heritage architecture","authors":"Loucas Kyriakou ,&nbsp;Andrea Rubio-Aguinaga ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Nofalah ,&nbsp;Laura Maria Piarulli Paz ,&nbsp;Álvaro García Molino ,&nbsp;Liberato Ferrara ,&nbsp;Ioannis Karatasios ,&nbsp;Eirini Tziviloglou ,&nbsp;José María Fernández ,&nbsp;Íñigo Navarro-Blasco ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy retrofitting of heritage buildings is constrained by strict requirements on material compatibility, reversibility, and minimal intervention, limiting the use of conventional insulation systems. In this context, lime-based rendering mortars incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) offer a promising solution for enhancing thermal performance while respecting conservation principles. This study investigates the suitability of PCM-enhanced ternary lime-pozzolan-cement mortars through a combined laboratory and field-scale experimental approach, with particular emphasis on real-scale validation under outdoor conditions.</div><div>Mortars incorporating microencapsulated PCMs were characterized in terms of microstructure, hygric and mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and latent heat storage, alongside durability assessment under freeze-thaw and salt crystallization cycles. Thermal performance was evaluated using hot-box testing and monitored full-scale mock-ups exposed to real climatic conditions.</div><div>The results show that PCM incorporation significantly reduces thermal conductivity (from ca. 0.63 to 0.30 W m⁻¹·K⁻¹) while providing latent heat storage up to 2.7 J g⁻¹. Durability performance was maintained or improved compared to reference mortars. Both laboratory and field-scale results demonstrate the ability of PCM-enhanced mortars to attenuate temperature fluctuations, leading to smoother internal temperature profiles and reduced thermal peaks under real environmental conditions.</div><div>Overall, the findings confirm that PCM-enhanced ternary lime-based mortars can provide passive thermal buffering while maintaining compatibility with heritage substrates, supporting their application in conservation-oriented energy retrofitting strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-healing and performance recovery in Cemented paste backfill: Advances and perspectives","authors":"Mamadou Fall,&nbsp;Weizhou Quan","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cemented paste backfill (CPB) is an innovative cementitious construction material widely used in modern underground mining to provide ground support while enabling the sustainable management of mine waste (tailings). However, the formation of cracks within CPB structures remains a persistent challenge that threaten long-term mechanical stability and durability. Recent studies increasingly demonstrate that CPB possesses a promising self-healing capacity, allowing recovery of mechanical strength and permeability without external intervention. This review presents a comprehensive and critical synthesis of current advances in the understanding of self-healing behaviour in CPB, integrating experimental evidence with fundamental concepts established for conventional cementitious materials. The mechanisms governing crack formation in CPB are systematically examined, followed by an in-depth review of autogenous and autonomous healing pathways, with particular emphasis on continued hydration, carbonation, and mineral precipitation processes. The influences of key governing parameters, including curing age, crack geometry, temperature, drainage conditions, stress state, and chemical environment, are comprehensively assessed. Special attention is given to the role of mineral additives (e.g., blast furnace slag and fly ash) and emerging biological approaches based on microbially induced calcite precipitation, while identifying important knowledge gaps related to silica fume and conventional chemical admixtures. Experimental techniques employed to characterize CPB self-healing are synthesized, encompassing crack closure, mechanical strength and permeability recovery, microstructural imaging, and chemical and mineralogical analyses. By consolidating fragmented knowledge across disciplines, this review clarifies the mechanisms controlling CPB self-healing, identifies limitations of existing laboratory-scale studies, and outlines priorities for Multiphysics modeling, field-scale validation, and the development of hybrid self-healing systems. This paper establishes self-healing as a quantifiable and design-relevant property of CPB, supporting the advancement of more resilient, durable, and low-carbon underground backfill systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148000956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling differential settlement between new and existing piles in bridge widening with a computational DOE–RSM approach","authors":"Siyu Yin ,&nbsp;Zheng Yang ,&nbsp;Guan Chen ,&nbsp;Siau Chen Chian","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unlocking the sustainability potential of existing pile foundations, this study addresses the differential settlement induced by new-existing pile interaction during bridge widening. A calibrated numerical model and a three-factor, five-level orthogonal design were used to generate the original L25 dataset. Employing response surface methodology (RSM), a regularized response-surface surrogate was constructed based on standardized inputs using a total-degree polynomial with ridge penalization in an asinh-transformed space, with model complexity and regularization parameters are selected via leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation. The validated surrogate model (LOO Q² = 0.97, RMSE = 2.31 mm) is then used to predict all the 125 combinations and to derive LOO-calibrated uncertainty bands for engineering decisions. Results indicate that pile diameter is the primary driver of the settlement difference between new and existing piles, followed by pile length and spacing. The combined effect of length and diameter amplifies interaction, while spacing serves as a mitigating control. A robust design window is identified that limits settlement differentials within a 2 mm tolerance, defining stable intervals as: <em>h</em>_N ≥ 1.0<em>h</em>, <em>d</em>_N ≥ 1.0<em>d</em>, and <em>d</em>_S ~ 2-3<em>d</em>. Moreover, settlement is concentrated in the upper segments of piles, and lateral displacements in two critical zones (0.0-0.3<em>h</em> and 0.7-1.0<em>h</em>) may compromise substructure stability. Crucially, this work delivers the uncertainty-aware framework for forecasting differential settlement in retrofitted bridge foundations, translating advanced numerical insights into immediately actionable design guidance, while advancing the theoretical understanding of composite pile-soil-structure interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100943"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148000918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance insights of cementless UHPC incorporating treated waste concrete powder and metakaolin under different curing regimes","authors":"Yanchen Oinam ,&nbsp;Aidarus Yonis ,&nbsp;Kebede Alemayehu Moges ,&nbsp;Sukhoon Pyo","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is increasingly recognized for its exceptional strength and durability, but its reliance on silica fume raises concerns regarding availability and sustainability. In this study, metakaolin (MK) and thermally treated waste concrete powder (WCP) were independently investigated as partial substitutes for silica fume in a CaO-activated ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) based cementless UHPC system. Steam curing at 90 °C accelerated hydration, promoting the formation of stable hydrates such as C-A-S-H, hydrotalcite, and wollastonite, and resulting in compressive strengths exceeding 160 MPa. In contrast, normal curing led to slower hydration, characterized by residual portlandite and ettringite alongside sharper C-A-S-H decomposition, producing compressive strengths below 100 MPa. Low levels of WCP replacement provided beneficial filler effects and improved performance, whereas higher replacement levels of both MK and WCP caused strength reductions. Life cycle assessment demonstrated substantial reductions in CO₂ emissions and mineral resource consumption compared with cement-based UHPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100942"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147945090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of carbonation curing on chloride penetration resistance and pore structure refinement in belite-rich cement mortar","authors":"Seojin Kim ,&nbsp;Hyeong-Ki Kim ,&nbsp;Jeong Gook Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete is a porous material, and chloride penetration is strongly influenced by its pore structure. Carbonation curing has attracted attention as an innovative curing technique that enhances microstructural densification and CO₂ uptake in cement-based materials. However, the resistance of carbonation-cured belite-rich cement (BRC) to chloride ingress has not yet been sufficiently clarified. This study investigated the chloride penetration resistance and physicochemical properties of BRC mortar subjected to different carbonation curing durations. The results showed that carbonation-cured specimens had higher compressive strength and significantly lower chloride content than water-cured specimens. These improvements were attributed to pore structure refinement caused by carbonation reactions that densified capillary pores and reduced overall porosity. However, carbonation curing suppressed the formation of Friedel's salt due to the decomposition of ettringite. These results indicate that carbonation curing improves chloride penetration resistance by refining pore structure and reducing chloride diffusion, while also contributing to sustainable CO₂ utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined effect of hybrid PE-PBO fiber reinforcement on the mechanical properties of lightweight fly ash-slag-based engineered geopolymer composites at ambient temperature and after exposure to elevated temperatures","authors":"Phuong Hoang Nguyen ,&nbsp;Huy Hoang Nguyen ,&nbsp;Quang-Hiếu Lương ,&nbsp;Se-Eon Park ,&nbsp;Hyeongki Kim ,&nbsp;Bang Yeon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel lightweight engineered geopolymer composite (EGC) that exhibits high ductility at ambient temperature and enhanced residual performance after exposure to elevated temperatures. To simultaneously achieve high ductility, thermal stability, and weight reduction, this composite utilizes a hybrid reinforcement comprising polyethylene (PE) and poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) (PBO) fibers at a low total volume fraction of 1.0%, alongside expanded polystyrene beads. While the inclusion of PBO fibers moderated the strain capacity, the hybrid PE-PBO EGC still achieved a strain capacity significantly surpassing that of previously reported PBO-reinforced composites. Regarding thermal resistance, the strain-hardening behavior of mono-PE EGCs deteriorated significantly above 100 °C. In contrast, the PBO- and hybrid PE-PBO systems retained enhanced strain-hardening capabilities at moderate exposure (100 °C), before transitioning to a strain-softening response at 300 °C. The typical morphologies of the fibers and matrix of the EGCs after exposure to elevated temperatures were observed using SEM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147858162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SemanticBridge—A dataset for 3D semantic segmentation of bridges and domain gap analysis","authors":"Maximilian Kellner ,&nbsp;Mariana Ferrandon Cervantes ,&nbsp;Yuandong Pan ,&nbsp;Ruodan Lu ,&nbsp;Ioannis Brilakis ,&nbsp;Alexander Reiterer","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel dataset that has been specifically designed for 3D semantic segmentation of bridges and the domain gap analysis caused by varying sensors. This addresses a critical need in the field of infrastructure inspection and maintenance, which is essential for modern society. The dataset comprises high-resolution 3D scans of a diverse range of bridge structures from various countries, with detailed semantic labels provided for each. The initial objective is to facilitate accurate and automated segmentation of bridge components, thereby advancing the structural health monitoring practice. To evaluate the effectiveness of existing 3D deep learning models on this novel dataset, a comprehensive analysis of three distinct state-of-the-art architectures is conducted. Additionally, data was acquired through various sensors to quantify the domain gap resulting from sensor variations. The findings indicate that all architectures demonstrate robust performance on the specified task. However, the domain gap can potentially lead to a decline in the performance of up to 11.4% mIoU. Code and data are available at <span><span>https://github.com/mvg-inatech/3d_bridge_segmentation</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of polyurethane-shelled microcapsules for self-sealing concrete applications exposed to aggressive environments","authors":"Vanessa G. Cappellesso ,&nbsp;Claire Riordan ,&nbsp;Dave Palmer ,&nbsp;Abir Al-Tabbaa ,&nbsp;Elke Gruyaert ,&nbsp;Kim Van Tittelboom ,&nbsp;Nele De Belie","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates polyurethane-shelled microcapsules containing a commercial water-repellent agent as an autonomous self-sealing system for concrete in aggressive environments. Microcapsules were synthesized via membrane emulsification and interfacial polymerization, yielding a D50 of 77 μm and sufficient integrity for concrete incorporation. An optimization study identified 2 by weight of cement (bwoc) % as the optimal dosage, balancing hydrophobic performance and mechanical properties. Cracked (100 and 300 μm) and uncracked specimens were exposed to freeze–thaw cycles with de-icing salts, artificial seawater, and a chloride-rich solution. Capsule rupture upon cracking hydrophobized the crack walls, resulting in sealing efficiencies of up to 96% for 300 μm cracks. Freeze–thaw exposure reduced scaling by up to 74%, while marine exposure lowered chloride ingress through cracks by up to 37%. Limited effects were observed under chloride-only conditions, highlighting exposure-specific performance. Overall, polyurethane microcapsules act as an effective self-sealing system, enhancing concrete durability in an environment-dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147747220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on hydration characteristics and microstructure development of low-carbon cementitious material blended with calcined phosphogypsum and steel slag","authors":"Jun Ren ,&nbsp;Huan Wei ,&nbsp;Jingbo Wang ,&nbsp;Dafu Wang ,&nbsp;Yunqiu Xue ,&nbsp;Miaoyuan Li ,&nbsp;Xin Tian ,&nbsp;Yubin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the hydration characteristics, microstructure changes and mechanical properties of a low-carbon cementitious system composed of calcined phosphogypsum (CPG) and steel slag (SS). It systematically assesses how SS fineness and CPG-to-SS ratios affect water requirement, setting time, pH variation, hydration dynamics and compressive strength development. Results show SS fineness notably impacts hydration by regulating system alkalinity and hydration product nucleation/growth. CPG dominates early strength while SS contributes to long-term strength. Finer SS boosts strength and refines microstructure at low CPG dosage but inhibits performance at high CPG content due to elevated pH and particle aggregation. Analysis via isothermal calorimetry, XRD, TG, MIP and SEM verify the interactive hydration mechanism and pore structure modification, highlighting that optimizing SS fineness and CPG proportion is key to developing sustainable, high-performance low-carbon cementitious binders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}