Developments in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"EEG signal cleaning for brain wave monitoring of construction workers using prediction and clustering models","authors":"Hanwen Ju,&nbsp;Tanyel Bulbul,&nbsp;Xiaoying Yang,&nbsp;Jeremy Withers","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is increasingly recognized as an effective method for assessing the workload and risk awareness of construction workers. However, due to sensor malfunctions and environmental interference, EEG signals often contain significant anomalies that hinder accurate cognitive analysis. This study proposes a robust EEG signal cleaning framework to automatically detect and reconstruct such abnormal data. The framework combines a fusion attention mechanism with a bidirectional gated recurrent unit (ATT-BiGRU) model for EEG signal prediction and employs the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm for anomaly detection. The predicted data are then used to reconstruct missing or corrupted signal segments. A spatial perception experiment simulating AR-assisted indoor navigation and measurement tasks is conducted to validate the framework. Abnormal EEG data are categorized into four types: outliers, drift, missing, and minor signals. The ATT-BiGRU model achieves a prediction RMSE below 0.05, while the DBSCAN algorithm demonstrates over 96 % detection accuracy across multiple EEG channels. Additional validation using data from 20 participants shows consistent accuracy above 94 %. These results highlight both the technical efficacy and scalability of the proposed framework, as well as its potential for supporting cognitive monitoring in complex-built environments. By enhancing EEG signal reliability, the framework enables more effective tools for architectural cognition assessment, informs human-centered design strategies, and lays the foundation for adaptive environments that respond to users’ real-time neurophysiological states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100760"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards evidence-based fire prevention policy: Uncovering drivers of urban residential fire spread via explainable machine learning","authors":"Zenghui Liu ,&nbsp;Yanqing Xu ,&nbsp;Zhixian Li ,&nbsp;Mingyu Zhai ,&nbsp;Weiyao Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Lin ,&nbsp;Yao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban residential fires pose growing threats to public safety due to rapid urbanization and increasing building density. This study analyzes key drivers of residential fire spread using over 100,000 UK fire records and employs Bayesian-optimized XGBoost modeling with SHAP interpretability analysis. Results indicate emergency response attributes, particularly alarm delays and detection times, dominate fire spread risk, contributing 51 % to predictive performance. Fire dynamics factors, including rapid growth and kitchen fires, contribute an additional 33 %. Although building and occupancy attributes carry less overall weight, they significantly affect spread under specific conditions. The Tomek links method best addresses class imbalance by accurately identifying major fire incidents. Based on these insights, recommendations include optimizing emergency resource allocation, enhancing alarm system technologies, and developing intelligent monitoring platforms. This research provides critical evidence-based guidance to enhance early warning capabilities and improve firefighting effectiveness in urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100761"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of strength and microstructure evolution characteristics of cemented paste backfill incorporating potable and non-potable water using real-time sensors","authors":"Tugba Keskin ,&nbsp;Erol Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Muhammet Sari ,&nbsp;Tugrul Kasap","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global water scarcity has heightened the need for alternative sources in industry, making non-potable water such as seawater vital for resource conservation and sustainability. This study explores replacing potable water with seawater or process water in cemented paste backfill (CPB) to enhance sustainability. CPBs were produced with different water mix ratios (tap/sea/process: 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25), using a constant solid/cement ratio (75/5 wt%) and cement type (CEM I 42.5 R). Tests included strength, microstructure, thermal analysis, and real-time monitoring for up to 180 days. Strength increased reaching 1.47 MPa until 56 days but declined afterward. Seawater-based samples showed higher early-age strength (0.57 MPa) due to elevated alkalinity, which enhanced hydration. However, at 180 days, CPBs with seawater or process water showed faster strength loss (up to 33 %) than tap water mixes, due to harmful ions and salts. Still, seawater presents a viable alternative for CPB production in coastal, water-scarce mining areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of a chalky earthen masonry unit from the champagne region (France): Is it relevant to stabilize mortar with hydraulic lime?","authors":"Guillaume Polidori ,&nbsp;Erwan Hamard ,&nbsp;Adrien Aras-Gaudry ,&nbsp;Céline Rousse ,&nbsp;Fabien Beaumont ,&nbsp;Sébastien Murer ,&nbsp;Mohammed Lachi ,&nbsp;Christophe Bliard ,&nbsp;Fabien Bogard","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the mechanical and thermal performance of adobe masonry units built with highly chalky soils from the Champagne region (France), focusing on the effect of hydraulic lime content (0, 5, and 14 wt%) in mortar joints. Adobe and mortar samples were fabricated from 19th-century adobe barn soil and tested for their physical and structural properties. Results show that adding hydraulic lime improves wall performance by 37.3 %. However, this gain remains modest in absolute terms, and all mortars exceeded the 0.3 MPa minimum required for structural adobe walls. Lime also slightly reduces thermal conductivity, enhancing insulation. Digital image correlation revealed that lime delays crack formation and modifies failure patterns. Yet, a simplified life cycle analysis showed that 14 wt% lime increases global warming potential (GWP) by 479 %. The results suggest that for low-rise adobe structures, unstabilized mortar may offer a more sustainable alternative.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100756"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recycling electronic waste as fiber reinforcement in high-strength concrete: A sustainable approach","authors":"Hassan M. Magbool","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electronic industry's waste products, known as electrical waste fibers (EWF), present an opportunity for sustainable concrete reinforcement. This study investigates the use of EWF, primarily composed of brass fibers, as a natural material for enhancing the properties of high-strength concrete (HSC), addressing its inherent brittleness that often leads to sudden failure at ultimate load capacity. The effectiveness of EWF was evaluated under two scenarios: (1) HSC mixtures containing varying EWF ratios (0 %, 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, 2.0 %, and 3.0 % by volume), and (2) mixtures where steel fibers (SF) replaced EWF. A series of fresh, hardened, and morphological property tests were performed. The highest compressive strength of 54.77 MPa was achieved at 1.5 % SF, while the maximum tensile strength using EWF was observed at 3.0 % content, though with a reduced compressive strength of 40.74 MPa. Flexural strength reached 6.98 MPa at 1.5 % SF and decreased with higher dosages. Splitting tensile strength improved significantly in SF mixes, with up to a 20.92 % increase at 1.5 % SF content, whereas EWF mixes showed moderate gains. The modulus of elasticity improved by 14.72 % at 1.5 % SF and 12.25 % at 1.0 % EWF compared to the control mix. Optimal performance was achieved at 1.0 % EWF and 1.5 % SF, beyond which mechanical properties declined due to increased porosity and reduced structural continuity. These findings demonstrate the potential of EWF as a sustainable reinforcement material for HSC, contributing to enhanced durability and resource conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100755"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability: Quo Vadis?","authors":"Luigi Ambrosio ,&nbsp;Dimitrios G. Aggelis ,&nbsp;Liyuan Chai ,&nbsp;Xuesi Chen ,&nbsp;Philippe Dubois ,&nbsp;Zhengyi Fu ,&nbsp;Enhou Han ,&nbsp;Guo-Hua Hu ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Lacidogna ,&nbsp;Sanjay Mathur ,&nbsp;Pascal Metivier ,&nbsp;Jinping Qu ,&nbsp;Hyacinthe Randriamahazaka ,&nbsp;Federico Rosei ,&nbsp;Yuzhong Wang ,&nbsp;Liqun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humanity's over-reliance on fossil fuels has pushed the planet to a critical tipping point, resulting in environmental crises, including the sixth mass extinction and escalating extreme weather events. A landmark Sino-European forum emphasized the need for global cooperation, innovation, and societal transformation to achieve sustainability. Discussions highlighted innovations in materials science, such as bio-based and biodegradable materials, sustainable construction, and the growing importance of a circular economy. The forum stressed that sustainability is not just a technological challenge but requires systemic changes in production, consumption, waste management, and societal awarness and attitude shift. The shift towards a sustainable future also requires addressing energy needs, resource use, and fostering education to raise awareness. Despite challenges, the forum underscored the urgency of collective action, advocating for a balance between human progress and environmental health. Global collaboration is essential to creating a future that prioritizes planetary restoration and responsible stewardship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100752"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145098023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharpey's fiber-inspired gradient anchoring and multiscale synergistic modification of the new–old concrete interface for bridge widening applications","authors":"Kun Wang ,&nbsp;Bingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Jinjun Guo ,&nbsp;Qingxin Meng ,&nbsp;Hu Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inspired by the reinforcement mechanism of Sharpey's fibers at the bone–soft tissue interface, this study proposes a cement-based composite modified with polypropylene fiber (PPF) and silica fume (SF) for the interface between cast-in-place and existing concrete in bridge widening structures. Experimental investigations quantified the enhancement effects of PPF and SF, both individually and in combination, on interfacial bond splitting strength and diagonal shear strength. Nanoindentation techniques were used to characterize the gradient distribution and thickness evolution of the elastic modulus within the interfacial transition zone (ITZ). In conjunction with deconvolution algorithms, these techniques also enabled quantitative analysis of the compositional evolution of hydration products. The results demonstrate that PPF and SF, through a multiscale synergistic effect of bridging, toughening, and crack resistance, significantly enhance the mechanical performance of the interface. This study provides a new theoretical foundation and technical approach for developing high-strength, tough, and sustainable widening structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100750"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma-mediated nano-silica deposition to enhance thermomechanical robustness of carbon textile-reinforced concrete","authors":"Hyun-Soo Youm ,&nbsp;Junil Pae ,&nbsp;Juhyuk Moon ,&nbsp;Jang-Woon Baek ,&nbsp;Young Hak Lee ,&nbsp;Dae-Jin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon textile-reinforced concrete (CTRC) lacks thermomechanical robustness at the textile/concrete interface. This study investigates atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP)-mediated nano-silica (NS) deposition as a promising strategy, evaluating its effects under thermal exposure up to 400 °C. While bulk material properties remained intact, the roving/matrix interfacial transition zone (ITZ) underwent notable physical, chemical, and structural transformations. A performance-driven index introduced herein to quantitatively assess thermomechanical robustness showed over a tenfold increase for NS-deposited rovings at 300 °C, contrasting with a severe drop below 0.2 for epoxy-coated counterparts. These results highlight the interplay between matrix-polymer interlocking and the chemical-structural evolution of the hydration products in the ITZ, with remarkable bond improvements attributed to the formation of a cohesive calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) network structure. Despite heating-induced progressive dehydration shrinkage and reduced interglobular cohesion, C–S–H particles remained tightly packed and interconnected in the ITZ, mitigating macrocrack propagation, enhancing frictional bonding, and preserving microstructural integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi-hazard framework for resilient service and functional recovery in sustainable multi-building facilities","authors":"Rachid Ouache ,&nbsp;Jack Guo ,&nbsp;David Bristow","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing the resilience of multi-building facilities under natural hazards necessitates a detailed understanding of the interdependencies between building systems and critical operational functions. This study proposes a systematic and adaptable framework to model these service-function interdependencies, aiming to support continuity planning and optimize post-disruption recovery. The framework combines a hierarchical dependency structure, stakeholder-informed mapping, and a simulation-based recovery model, tailored for facilities exposed to seismic and flood risks. The methodology was applied to a three-building facility in Montreal, Canada. Simulation results demonstrated that flood-induced disruptions produced recovery durations approximately 300 % longer than those caused by earthquakes. Access systems showed the most extensive delays, requiring up to 2545 days for restoration after floods, in contrast to 500 days following seismic events. Similar delays were observed across power, telecommunications, and other critical services under flood conditions. Function-specific recovery profiles showed a notable divergence between hazard types. After earthquakes, essential operations such as Maintenance, Shipping and Receiving, and Marine Services retained 91–92 % functionality, while areas like Manufacturing and Environmental Compliance retained 82 %. Conversely, floods caused sharper initial impairments, with Quality Control Tests retaining 50 % of operational capacity and Marine Operations, Shipping, and Maintenance functions falling to approximately 5 %. Despite the greater initial severity, flood-related recoveries followed a more uniform timeline, with most functions restored within 1000 days. These findings underscore the need for hazard-specific mitigation strategies that reflect both the nature and duration of disruption. The framework provides a scalable decision-support tool to inform service prioritization, retrofitting investments, and long-term facility management in multi-hazard contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generic 3D conceptual stress-strain model for concrete confined with fiber reinforcement polymers","authors":"Supasit Srivaranun ,&nbsp;Tidarut Jirawattanasomkul ,&nbsp;Nattamet Wuttiwannasak ,&nbsp;Atichon Kunawisarut ,&nbsp;Haruna Minakawa ,&nbsp;Pitcha Jongvivatsakul ,&nbsp;Suched Likitlersuang ,&nbsp;Tamon Ueda","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a generic 3D conceptual stress-strain model for concrete confined with fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs), integrating both synthetic and natural fiber materials. The proposed model addresses limitations of existing confinement models by providing a unified framework that accurately predicts the stress-strain behavior of FRP-confined concrete across various fiber types and applications. The model was developed by thoroughly analyzing experimental data and conducting a comprehensive review of existing stress-strain models. Key challenges, such as variations in ductility and strength between synthetic and natural fibers, were systematically addressed to enhance the model's predictive accuracy. The model's capability was validated through comparisons with experimental data, demonstrating its reliability in capturing the complex interactions between FRP materials and concrete. The proposed model can enhance the analysis, design, and sustainability of FRP-confined concrete structures, advancing confinement methodologies and in particular promoting the use of natural fibers as sustainable materials in construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100749"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}