Developments in the Built Environment最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Catenary mechanism in steel columns under extreme lateral loading: A basis for building progressive collapse analysis 极端侧向荷载下钢柱的导柱机制:建筑物渐进式倒塌分析的基础
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100556
Foad Kiakojouri, Valerio De Biagi
{"title":"Catenary mechanism in steel columns under extreme lateral loading: A basis for building progressive collapse analysis","authors":"Foad Kiakojouri,&nbsp;Valerio De Biagi","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The studies on progressive collapse have primarily focused on threat-independent methods, wherein a sudden column removal is suggested in codes. However, a real collapse scenario is necessarily threat-dependent. Focusing on blast- and impact-induced progressive collapses, the current study considers cases in which damage is concentrated in a single member, without resulting in complete column loss. It is demonstrated that the progressive collapse performance under specific threats can be better or worse compared to that of sudden column removal. Thus, dynamic column removal does not necessarily guarantee the most critical scenario, as the response in a damaged system can sometimes exceed expectations. A simple analytical model is proposed to describe in detail the observed phenomena and emphasizes the development of catenary forces in the column under lateral extreme loading scenarios. The results provide a deeper insight into the progressive collapse performance of frame systems and the involved member-level resisting mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental investigation on reducing the interface adhesion of concrete and formwork via electroosmosis approach 通过电渗法减少混凝土和模板界面粘附力的实验研究
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100561
Jinhui Yang , Shaojun Fu , Yi Yang , Kekuo Yuan , Zhengyong Zhang , Qiang Gao
{"title":"Experimental investigation on reducing the interface adhesion of concrete and formwork via electroosmosis approach","authors":"Jinhui Yang ,&nbsp;Shaojun Fu ,&nbsp;Yi Yang ,&nbsp;Kekuo Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhengyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slipform construction is widely used for building deep-buried vertical and inclined shaft concrete linings due to its efficiency and cost advantages. The adhesion of the interface during demoulding is crucial for the efficiency and quality of slip form construction. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to reduce the adhesion between concrete and formwork based on electroosmotic technology. A self-designed concrete electroosmotic demoulding device was developed to simulate the electroosmotic slip-form construction of the shaft lining. The variations in parameters such as current and permeability during electroosmosis were analyzed, and the impact of electroosmotic parameters on the adhesion and demoulding quality of concrete was investigated. The results indicate that the electroosmotic method can significantly reduce the adhesion. Concrete demoulding defects are significantly reduced and smoother after electroosmotic treatment. This study provides a scientific basis and technical support for optimizing concrete construction demoulding technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100561"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving construction site efficiency through automated progress monitoring of underground pipe installation sites using image color analysis of iPhone LiDAR camera data 利用 iPhone LiDAR 相机数据的图像颜色分析,对地下管道安装现场进行自动进度监测,从而提高施工现场效率
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100557
Tsukasa Mizutani, Shunsuke Iwai
{"title":"Improving construction site efficiency through automated progress monitoring of underground pipe installation sites using image color analysis of iPhone LiDAR camera data","authors":"Tsukasa Mizutani,&nbsp;Shunsuke Iwai","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an innovative method utilizing smartphone for automated progress monitoring at underground pipe installation sites. Leveraging the LiDAR iPhone camera, the method captures detailed point cloud data of construction sites. Sophisticated color analysis of images accurately distinguishes between areas with and without pipes within excavations. Key aspects of the proposed workflow include segmentation of the excavation area, differentiation between main and side excavations, and application of an earth color mask in the RGB space to isolate pipes. The research focuses on enhancing measurement precision for excavation width, depth, and pipe burial depth, significantly reducing the manual labor traditionally required at construction sites, thereby offering an efficient and cost-effective solution. We further demonstrated the robustness of the proposed algorithm by applying it to two types of data acquired at actual construction sites. This approach is expected to contribute significantly to the digital transformation in the construction industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100557"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grain-size composition effect on flexural response and pore structure of cementitious tail-rock fills with fiber reinforcement 粒度组成对纤维加固水泥基尾岩填料挠曲响应和孔隙结构的影响
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100558
Hao Qin , Shuai Cao , Erol Yilmaz
{"title":"Grain-size composition effect on flexural response and pore structure of cementitious tail-rock fills with fiber reinforcement","authors":"Hao Qin ,&nbsp;Shuai Cao ,&nbsp;Erol Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the grain-size composition effect on flexural and micro-structural features of fiber reinforced cementitious tail-rock fill (FRCTRF). The FRCTRF mixes considered contained a stationary solid concentration of 70 wt% and a cement/tail rate of 1:6, and were cured for an age of 7-day for strength tests and microstructure. Three-point bending test shows that FRCTRF’s bending property is upgraded by totaling gravel rock. Adding fiber to FRCTRF’s bottom can enhance its peak deflection. With rising gravel particle size/dosage, FRCTRF’s peak deflection displays a trend of falling first and then growing. Accumulating polypropylene fiber could advance FRCTRF’s post-peak strength features as well. FRCTRF sample containing gravel has a large stress drop, and adding gravel rock could essentially boost FRCTRF’s post-peak brittle-ability. In conclusion, this study provides a strong scientific and theoretical underpinning for optimizing artificial false roofs employed recently in modern underground metalliferous mining operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vibration monitoring of masonry bridges to assess damage under changing temperature 对砌体桥梁进行振动监测,以评估温度变化下的损坏情况
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100555
Paolo Borlenghi, Antonella Saisi, Carmelo Gentile
{"title":"Vibration monitoring of masonry bridges to assess damage under changing temperature","authors":"Paolo Borlenghi,&nbsp;Antonella Saisi,&nbsp;Carmelo Gentile","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is of utmost importance for the preservation and safe operation of historical arch bridges. This paper presents the development of a SHM strategy aimed at the model-based damage assessment of masonry bridges using frequency data. Structural damage induces natural frequency changes that are strictly related to the damage location. Consequently, a numerical model capable of reproducing the intact dynamic characteristics should allow to simulate damage scenarios, including the observed one, with the anomaly localisation being performed through the similarity between the experimentally detected frequency changes and the numerically simulated ones. The proposed methodology is based on the availability of an appropriate knowledge of the investigated structure, allowing to define a Finite Element (FE) model that accurately reproduces the system dynamic characteristics. Hence, the SHM strategy involves: (a) the use of the calibrated model to simulate different damage scenarios, so that a Damage Location Reference Matrix (DLRM) is defined through the associated frequency shifts; (b) the damage detection through statistical pattern recognition of vibration data; (c) the damage localisation through the comparison between the identified frequency changes and those defined in the DLRM matrix. Pseudo-experimental monitoring data, referring to a historical masonry viaduct, were generated and used to exemplify the reliability and accuracy of the developed algorithms in detecting and localizing damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Upcycling of waste rubber using pelletized artificial geopolymer aggregate technology 利用粒状人工土工聚合物骨料技术实现废橡胶的升级再循环
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100554
Hui Wang , Lan-Ping Qian , Ling-Yu Xu , Yi Li , Hong Guan
{"title":"Upcycling of waste rubber using pelletized artificial geopolymer aggregate technology","authors":"Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Lan-Ping Qian ,&nbsp;Ling-Yu Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Hong Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of waste rubber as aggregates shows both environmentally friendly features and high cost-efficiency in construction, but may cause poor workability such as rubber flotation and agglomeration. To address the above issues, the pelletization method was adopted to produce rubberized artificial geopolymer aggregates (R-GPA), and the effects of different rubber modification methods and rubber contents were investigated through pelletization technologies, mechanical tests, X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and backscattered electron with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (BSE-EDS). Results showed that the combined modification with NaOH solution and silane coupling agent presented the most effective surface modification efficiency. According to microscopic analysis, rubber modification could effectively enhance the rubber-matrix interface. The produced R-GPA could thus possess an oven-dried particle density within 1500–1800 kg/m³, a water absorption of 7%–10.5%, and a pelletization efficiency over 98%, which provided a new insight into the value-added utilization of waste rubber and the promotion of artificial aggregate technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sustainable pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning using the quantum cognitive trust network 利用量子认知信任网络进行可持续路面维护和修复规划
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100553
Xunqian Xu , Siwen Wang , Zhongbao Du , Hui Rong , Qi Li , Tao Wu , Shue Li , Jiefei Zheng
{"title":"Sustainable pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning using the quantum cognitive trust network","authors":"Xunqian Xu ,&nbsp;Siwen Wang ,&nbsp;Zhongbao Du ,&nbsp;Hui Rong ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Tao Wu ,&nbsp;Shue Li ,&nbsp;Jiefei Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selecting appropriate pavement maintenance strategies can enhance resource efficiency, reduce environmental pollution, prolong road lifespan, and improve societal sustainability. Currently, most models, which selecting pavement maintenance options, exhibit high subjectivity and low reliability. This study employs an innovative probabilistic linguistic multi-attribute decision-making model basing on the quantum cognitive theory. Therefore, the model focuses on expert decision-making groups for pavement maintenance strategies. It considers the trust networks within the decision-making process, as well as the sequential and interference effects arising from experts' belief biases and behavioral interactions. By doing so, it facilitates a more scientific selection of optimal strategies among multiple maintenance options. The proposed method has been validated through practical case studies of road segments, and its scientific validity and effectiveness have been further corroborated through sensitivity analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100553"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mechanical and microstructural properties of cement-stabilized soft clay improved by sand replacement and biochar additive for subgrade applications 水泥稳定软粘土的力学和微观结构特性:通过砂替代和生物炭添加剂改善路基应用
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100552
Kittipong Kunchariyakun , Patimapon Sukmak , Gampanart Sukmak , Veena Phunpeng , Suksun Horpibulsuk , Arul Arulrajah , Annan Zhou
{"title":"Mechanical and microstructural properties of cement-stabilized soft clay improved by sand replacement and biochar additive for subgrade applications","authors":"Kittipong Kunchariyakun ,&nbsp;Patimapon Sukmak ,&nbsp;Gampanart Sukmak ,&nbsp;Veena Phunpeng ,&nbsp;Suksun Horpibulsuk ,&nbsp;Arul Arulrajah ,&nbsp;Annan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar (BC) is an eco-friendly material produced through coal pyrolysis and can improve the mechanical properties of cement-based construction and building materials. This research study explored the effects of BC and natural sand (Sand) replacement on the improved static and cyclic response of blended hydraulic cement (BHC) stabilized soft clay (SC) as a greener subgrade material. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), indirect tensile stress (ITS), and indirect tensile fatigue life (ITFL) of the BHC-stabilized SC-BC-Sand samples were examined. Adding 10% BC to the BHC-stabilized samples was found to enhance cementitious products due to its porous structure and high water absorbability. The UCS, ITS and ITFL at this optimum ingredient were improved up to 315%, 347% and 862%, respectively, compared to the BHC-stabilized SC. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetry differential thermal analysis and a scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive -ray spectroscopy analyses the BHC-stabilized sample at the optimum ingredient showed the highest C-S-H and Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> in the pores. This investigation will encourage the utilization of BC to create both environmentally friendly and durable stabilized subgrade material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Embodied carbon of BIM bridge models according to the application of off-site prefabrication: Precast concrete applied to superstructure and substructure 根据场外预制的应用情况确定 BIM 桥梁模型的含碳量:应用于上部结构和下部结构的预制混凝土
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100550
Hyunsik Kim , Seungjun Roh , Jeonghwan Kim
{"title":"Embodied carbon of BIM bridge models according to the application of off-site prefabrication: Precast concrete applied to superstructure and substructure","authors":"Hyunsik Kim ,&nbsp;Seungjun Roh ,&nbsp;Jeonghwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Embodied carbon (EC) changes of bridges using PC and RC, were analyzed using BIM and One-Click LCA. Identically shaped, concrete bridges (RC, PC, superstructure-only PC, and substructure-only PC) were modeled; the bills of quantity were extracted and input into the LCA software for EC comparison. As a result, it was found that applying PC instead of RC is not necessarily a guaranteed method to reduce the EC of bridges. Sensitivity analysis on the EC according to concrete waste and material transportation distances of all models were conducted. References from a carbon perspective were presented for applying PC separately to superstructure and substructure. As a result, solutions for the application of PC were derived considering the changes in concrete waste and transportation distance of concrete inputs. Conclusively, it was analyzed that substructure-only PC is effective in reducing EC overall, regardless of the amount of concrete waste and transportation distance of inputs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automatic bridge inspection database construction through hybrid information extraction and large language models 通过混合信息提取和大型语言模型自动构建桥梁检测数据库
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100549
Chenhong Zhang , Xiaoming Lei , Ye Xia , Limin Sun
{"title":"Automatic bridge inspection database construction through hybrid information extraction and large language models","authors":"Chenhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Lei ,&nbsp;Ye Xia ,&nbsp;Limin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Regular bridge inspections generate extensive reports that, while critical for maintenance, often remain underutilized due to their unstructured format. Traditional information extraction methods depend on intricate labeling systems that commonly require time-consuming and labor-intensive labeling. This paper presents a novel bridge inspection database construction method leveraging LLM-assisted information extraction. First, we introduce the pseudo-labelling method using a closed-source LLM to generate high-quality data. Then we propose the hybrid extraction pipeline to extract relevant information segments and process them by a generation-based IE model, fine-tuned on pseudo-labeled data. Finally, the extracted data is used to construct the bridge inspection database. The proposed method, validated with real-world data, not only demonstrates higher extraction precision than the closed-source LLM used for pseudo-labeling but also outperforms traditional methods in both data preparation time and extraction accuracy. This approach provides a scalable solution for more proactive and data-driven bridge maintenance strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100549"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信