Developments in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"Composition effects on microstructure and mechanical performance of lightweight cementitious mortars incorporating recycled glass powder","authors":"Yara Nasr ,&nbsp;Makram El Bachawati ,&nbsp;Ameur El Amine Hamami ,&nbsp;Henri El Zakhem ,&nbsp;Rafik Belarbi","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The construction sector must reduce its environmental footprint by adopting circular, low-carbon materials that preserve mechanical performance. This study develops lightweight aerated mortars incorporating recycled waste glass powder (RWGP, 0–50 wt%) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂, 0–7.5 wt%) as a chemical foaming agent. Sixteen formulations were produced through a factorial design and evaluated for bulk density, porosity, and compressive strength, supported by XRD, TGA, and X-ray micro-computed tomography. The interwoven mechanisms of RWGP-driven pozzolanic densification and H₂O₂-induced pore formation were quantified as RWGP promotes portlandite consumption and secondary C–S–H formation, while controlled aeration generated a uniform pore network. The mortars exhibited densities from approximately 2080 to 1820 kg/m³ and compressive strengths between 16 and 62 MPa, with statistical analysis confirming strong density–solid fraction and strength–porosity correlations. M7.5-50 reduced the roof areal load by ∼12% relative to conventional mortar while remaining compliant with the Eurocodes, demonstrating the potential of the mortars for multifunctional roof-layer applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-laminated strand-veneer lumber mass timber panels from commercially produced thermally modified wood strands","authors":"Rajan Adhikari ,&nbsp;Avishek Chanda ,&nbsp;Muhammad Khusairy Bin Bakri ,&nbsp;Manuel Raul Pelaez-Samaniego ,&nbsp;Matthew Aro ,&nbsp;Vikram Yadama","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the influence of thermal modification on wood strands produced from small-diameter trees and the resulting composite panels, including veneers, laminated strand veneer lumber (LSVL), and cross-laminated strand veneer lumber (CLSVL) mass timber panels. Thermally modified (TM) strands displayed enhanced flatness and thinner mat formation, yielding composite panels with significantly increased internal bond (IB) strength. While TM-strands generally exhibited increased stiffness and reduced strength, these differences are mitigated with the production of veneers, LSVL, and CLSVL using these strands. TM-CLSVL surpassed traditional cross-laminated timber (CLT) in shear performance and eliminated rolling shear failures. Mechanical properties aligned with prediction using the shear analogy method (SAM). The introduction of strand-based technology effectively reduced the thickness swelling of TM-CLSVL by 59%, highlighting its potential for yielding dimensionally stable mass timber products from small-diameter timber. This research underscores the potential for producing mass timber panels using TM wood strands to enhance their durability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Density-adaptive geospatial framework for high-resolution seismic microzonation in digital construction","authors":"Taek-Kyu Chung ,&nbsp;Han-Saem Kim ,&nbsp;Chang-Guk Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an advanced geospatial framework for Seoul, utilizing a database of over 29,000 boreholes to develop a high-resolution pseudo-3D shear-wave velocity field. By implementing site-specific SPT-<em>N</em> correlations, the framework captures intra-stratal heterogeneity and vertical stiffness gradients often masked by stratigraphic averaging. A density-adaptive mosaic-based interpolation was employed to estimate bedrock depth (<em>H</em>), time-averaged shear wave velocity (<em>V</em>_<em>S30</em>) and fundamental period (<em>T</em>_<em>G</em>), effectively mitigating the “smoothing effect” inherent in ordinary kriging. The model achieved an average 36.56% reduction in cross-validation RMSE across all primary parameters and a 50% reduction in <em>V</em>_<em>S30</em> RMSE against 9999 independent downhole records. <em>T</em>_<em>G</em> was identified as the critical factor for localized resonance risk. The resulting 5 m resolution zonation maps delineate seismic hotspots and alluvial micro-zones previously obscured in macro-scale assessments, providing a robust geospatial template for lot-level hazard mitigation and seismic design code refinement within the digital construction paradigm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From laboratory formulation to in situ evaluation: PCM-enhanced lime-pozzolan-cement mortars for thermal retrofit of heritage architecture","authors":"Loucas Kyriakou ,&nbsp;Andrea Rubio-Aguinaga ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Nofalah ,&nbsp;Laura Maria Piarulli Paz ,&nbsp;Álvaro García Molino ,&nbsp;Liberato Ferrara ,&nbsp;Ioannis Karatasios ,&nbsp;Eirini Tziviloglou ,&nbsp;José María Fernández ,&nbsp;Íñigo Navarro-Blasco ,&nbsp;José Ignacio Álvarez","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The energy retrofitting of heritage buildings is constrained by strict requirements on material compatibility, reversibility, and minimal intervention, limiting the use of conventional insulation systems. In this context, lime-based rendering mortars incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) offer a promising solution for enhancing thermal performance while respecting conservation principles. This study investigates the suitability of PCM-enhanced ternary lime-pozzolan-cement mortars through a combined laboratory and field-scale experimental approach, with particular emphasis on real-scale validation under outdoor conditions.</div><div>Mortars incorporating microencapsulated PCMs were characterized in terms of microstructure, hygric and mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and latent heat storage, alongside durability assessment under freeze-thaw and salt crystallization cycles. Thermal performance was evaluated using hot-box testing and monitored full-scale mock-ups exposed to real climatic conditions.</div><div>The results show that PCM incorporation significantly reduces thermal conductivity (from ca. 0.63 to 0.30 W m⁻¹·K⁻¹) while providing latent heat storage up to 2.7 J g⁻¹. Durability performance was maintained or improved compared to reference mortars. Both laboratory and field-scale results demonstrate the ability of PCM-enhanced mortars to attenuate temperature fluctuations, leading to smoother internal temperature profiles and reduced thermal peaks under real environmental conditions.</div><div>Overall, the findings confirm that PCM-enhanced ternary lime-based mortars can provide passive thermal buffering while maintaining compatibility with heritage substrates, supporting their application in conservation-oriented energy retrofitting strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration and evaluation of a 3D LiDAR SLAM system for construction robots in large-scale public building sites","authors":"Chunyong Feng ,&nbsp;Junqi Yu ,&nbsp;Wei Quan ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Jugang Guo ,&nbsp;Yisheng Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenping Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) is crucial for achieving autonomous construction. This paper presents a 3D LiDAR-based SLAM system specifically integrated and optimized for construction robots operating in large-scale public building construction sites. Rather than introducing new algorithms, the proposed system integrates and optimizes existing modules within a unified system framework, including two-stage ground segmentation, Fast Euclidean Clustering (FEC) for dynamic-object suppression, two-step point cloud registration for odometry, and Scan Context++ for global pose optimization. The system design leverages the ground characteristics of building floors and addresses dynamic, unstructured, and repetitive spatial structures commonly found in building construction site environments. Both simulation and real-world experiments demonstrate that the proposed system achieves higher accuracy and robustness than benchmark SLAM methods while maintaining real-time performance on embedded hardware, confirming its effectiveness for autonomous construction applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SemanticBridge—A dataset for 3D semantic segmentation of bridges and domain gap analysis","authors":"Maximilian Kellner ,&nbsp;Mariana Ferrandon Cervantes ,&nbsp;Yuandong Pan ,&nbsp;Ruodan Lu ,&nbsp;Ioannis Brilakis ,&nbsp;Alexander Reiterer","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel dataset that has been specifically designed for 3D semantic segmentation of bridges and the domain gap analysis caused by varying sensors. This addresses a critical need in the field of infrastructure inspection and maintenance, which is essential for modern society. The dataset comprises high-resolution 3D scans of a diverse range of bridge structures from various countries, with detailed semantic labels provided for each. The initial objective is to facilitate accurate and automated segmentation of bridge components, thereby advancing the structural health monitoring practice. To evaluate the effectiveness of existing 3D deep learning models on this novel dataset, a comprehensive analysis of three distinct state-of-the-art architectures is conducted. Additionally, data was acquired through various sensors to quantify the domain gap resulting from sensor variations. The findings indicate that all architectures demonstrate robust performance on the specified task. However, the domain gap can potentially lead to a decline in the performance of up to 11.4% mIoU. Code and data are available at <span><span>https://github.com/mvg-inatech/3d_bridge_segmentation</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100912"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of polyurethane-shelled microcapsules for self-sealing concrete applications exposed to aggressive environments","authors":"Vanessa G. Cappellesso ,&nbsp;Claire Riordan ,&nbsp;Dave Palmer ,&nbsp;Abir Al-Tabbaa ,&nbsp;Elke Gruyaert ,&nbsp;Kim Van Tittelboom ,&nbsp;Nele De Belie","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates polyurethane-shelled microcapsules containing a commercial water-repellent agent as an autonomous self-sealing system for concrete in aggressive environments. Microcapsules were synthesized via membrane emulsification and interfacial polymerization, yielding a D50 of 77 μm and sufficient integrity for concrete incorporation. An optimization study identified 2 by weight of cement (bwoc) % as the optimal dosage, balancing hydrophobic performance and mechanical properties. Cracked (100 and 300 μm) and uncracked specimens were exposed to freeze–thaw cycles with de-icing salts, artificial seawater, and a chloride-rich solution. Capsule rupture upon cracking hydrophobized the crack walls, resulting in sealing efficiencies of up to 96% for 300 μm cracks. Freeze–thaw exposure reduced scaling by up to 74%, while marine exposure lowered chloride ingress through cracks by up to 37%. Limited effects were observed under chloride-only conditions, highlighting exposure-specific performance. Overall, polyurethane microcapsules act as an effective self-sealing system, enhancing concrete durability in an environment-dependent manner.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147747220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micro-mechanisms and performance of high plasticity clay stabilized with a modified fly ash-based geopolymer","authors":"Lu Li ,&nbsp;Xiuyan Yin ,&nbsp;Huizhi Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Zhang ,&nbsp;Kang Chen ,&nbsp;Yingli Gao ,&nbsp;Yafei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-plasticity clay (HPC) poses significant challenges for transportation infrastructure due to its pronounced water sensitivity and associated strength loss. This study develops a multi-precursor fly ash-based geopolymer incorporating calcium carbide residue, desulfurization gypsum, and steel slag to stabilize HPC, with the optimal binder formulation of 6.34%, 1.60%, and 29.47%, respectively, determined using response surface methodology. The performance of geopolymer stabilize HPC (GHPC) prepared with the optimal binder formulation was evaluated through Atterberg limits, California Bearing Ratio, linear shrinkage, and wet-dry cycles tests, with comparisons to cement-treated HPC (CHPC). Results show that GHPC significantly enhances strength and volume stability. A proposed damage-potential framework quantified GHPC's superior resistance to wet-dry degradation compared to CHPC and HPC. Leaching tests confirmed effective immobilization of heavy metals by the geopolymer matrix. Multiscale analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) revealed that the continuous formation of dense C(N)-A-S-H gel networks and gel pores promotes particle agglomeration and fabric densification, governing the enhanced engineering performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100911"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of shrinkage and cracking in high-strength concrete regulated by internal humidity under extreme drying environments","authors":"Jun Qin ,&nbsp;Li Gong ,&nbsp;Chunling Jin ,&nbsp;Dandan Dang ,&nbsp;Tengteng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme climates characterized by coupled drying, large diurnal temperature variations, and wind are widespread in regions such as northwestern China, significantly aggravating the deterioration of volumetric stability and cracking risk of high-strength concrete (HSC) during curing. Under extreme drying coupled environments, multiscale experiments were conducted to investigate the regulation of SAP-based internal curing in HSC with different water-to-binder ratios (W/B) (0.36–0.20). Drying shrinkage and restrained deformation, the evolution of internal relative humidity (RH) and temperature, and pore structure characteristics were systematically examined, and a drying shrinkage prediction model based on internal RH was established. The results show that diurnal temperature cycling induces pronounced asymmetric periodic strain responses during the shrinkage and expansion stages of HSC, which continuously accumulate under restrained conditions, with this effect becoming significantly more pronounced as the W/B decreases. Internal RH exhibits synchronous periodic fluctuations with environmental temperature, and temperature-driven RH oscillations repeatedly disturb the pore water–vapor equilibrium, triggering cyclic loading and unloading of capillary tension and thereby driving irreversible deformation accumulation; HSC with lower W/B is more sensitive to this process. SAP-based internal curing effectively reduces the deformation sensitivity of HSC to diurnal temperature cycling by mitigating RH reduction, optimizing mesopore structure, and weakening capillary-tension-driven effects. For HSC with a W/B of 0.20, the incorporation of 0.3% SAP reduced the average shrinkage peak value and strain fluctuation amplitude by approximately 34% and 35%, respectively, significantly suppressing drying shrinkage, restrained deformation accumulation, and cracking. The proposed model shows good agreement with experimental results (R² &gt; 0.90), with prediction errors below 10%. This study provides a theoretical basis for mix design optimization and shrinkage–cracking risk assessment of HSC in arid regions with pronounced diurnal temperature variations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100902"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147709894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on hydration characteristics and microstructure development of low-carbon cementitious material blended with calcined phosphogypsum and steel slag","authors":"Jun Ren ,&nbsp;Huan Wei ,&nbsp;Jingbo Wang ,&nbsp;Dafu Wang ,&nbsp;Yunqiu Xue ,&nbsp;Miaoyuan Li ,&nbsp;Xin Tian ,&nbsp;Yubin Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2026.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research investigates the hydration characteristics, microstructure changes and mechanical properties of a low-carbon cementitious system composed of calcined phosphogypsum (CPG) and steel slag (SS). It systematically assesses how SS fineness and CPG-to-SS ratios affect water requirement, setting time, pH variation, hydration dynamics and compressive strength development. Results show SS fineness notably impacts hydration by regulating system alkalinity and hydration product nucleation/growth. CPG dominates early strength while SS contributes to long-term strength. Finer SS boosts strength and refines microstructure at low CPG dosage but inhibits performance at high CPG content due to elevated pH and particle aggregation. Analysis via isothermal calorimetry, XRD, TG, MIP and SEM verify the interactive hydration mechanism and pore structure modification, highlighting that optimizing SS fineness and CPG proportion is key to developing sustainable, high-performance low-carbon cementitious binders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147802562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}