Developments in the Built Environment最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing recycled aggregate concrete with graphene quantum dots (GQDs): Refining wastes from construction demolitions and out-of-service railway sleepers","authors":"Anand Raj ,&nbsp;Papassara Yamkasikorn ,&nbsp;Atichon Kunawisarut ,&nbsp;Chayut Ngamkhanong ,&nbsp;Pitcha Jongvivatsakul ,&nbsp;Lapyote Prasittisopin ,&nbsp;Joongjai Panpranot ,&nbsp;Sakdirat Kaewunruen","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The disposal of construction and demolition waste (CDW) poses environmental challenges, whilst recycling CDW as coarse aggregate in concrete can help conserve natural resources. However, this often reduces strength and durability due to residues, increased porosity and the potential formation of ettringite. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) to enhance the performance of cement composites, particularly by improving strength and durability. This study examines the use of recycled coarse aggregates from CDW and dismantled railway sleepers, combined with GQDs, to enhance concrete performance. Never have such the investigations been delved into before elsewhere. Eighteen concrete mixes with 25–100 % recycled aggregates were tested, with and without 0.3 % GQDs (by weight of cement). Mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strength) and durability (water absorption, chloride penetration) were evaluated. Microstructural analysis via FESEM and EDS assessed concrete behaviour. Our new findings reveal that using recycled aggregates from random sources led to a reduction in both compressive and flexural strengths by 21.7 % and 18.2 % respectively, primarily due to increased porosity and ettringite formation. However, the addition of GQDs improved both compressive and flexural strengths by about 15 % by promoting the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel. Concrete incorporating recycled aggregates from used railway sleepers exhibited a smaller reduction in compressive strength, up to 11 %. The reduction in flexural strength was also lower, reaching up to 7 %. Microstructural analysis revealed that GQDs facilitated the formation of crystalline precipitates, thereby enhancing both the strength and durability of the concrete. Overall, our new insights suggest that incorporating GQDs into concrete with recycled aggregates not only helps conserve environmental resources but also enhances overall material performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100729"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pre-conditioning on the carbonation curing characteristics of belite-rich cement paste","authors":"Xuanru Wu,&nbsp;Geon Noh,&nbsp;Jeong Gook Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effect of pre-conditioning on the carbonation curing characteristics of belite-rich cement (BRC) paste. Before carbonation curing, the BRC paste was pre-conditioned under ambient dry and oven dry conditions, and its physicochemical and mechanical properties were subsequently evaluated. The highest compressive strength was observed when the moisture content before carbonation curing was approximately 50 %. The results suggest that CO₂ penetration alters the hydration mechanism of BRC paste and that pre-conditioning enhances both carbonation curing efficiency and overall physicochemical properties. Compared to untreated samples, pre-conditioned specimens exhibited higher compressive strength, primarily due to the removal of internal moisture, which increased the reactive surface area for CO₂, facilitated its rapid diffusion, and promoted more uniform carbonation. Furthermore, XRD, TG/DTG, and MIP analyses revealed that pre-conditioned BRC paste contained higher amounts of ettringite and calcite after 28 days of curing, further improving its physicochemical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100725"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144757897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockage detection in pipelines based on linear frequency modulated acoustic reflection method","authors":"Haiyuan Yao ,&nbsp;Dan Li ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Bo Yang ,&nbsp;Yang Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrate-induced pipeline blockages pose critical risks to energy infrastructure reliability and operational safety. This study proposes a novel acoustic-based structural health monitoring system integrating linear frequency modulated (LFM) signals with adaptive matched filtering, specifically designed for early blockage detection in complex pipeline networks, including those in built environments. Validated via controlled experiments simulating industrial-scale conditions, the system achieved millimeter-level positioning accuracy (error &lt;1 %) across varying blockage intensities (20–100 %), representing a 40 % precision improvement over conventional methods. The system's capability to resolve multi-stage blockage boundaries enhances predictive maintenance strategies for ensuring energy-efficient pipeline operations and infrastructure integrity management. By enabling real-time identification of incipient hydrate formation phases through acoustic signature analysis, this methodology supports sustainable infrastructure management through timely remedial interventions. Its applicability extends to intelligent building service pipelines, regional energy distribution networks, and deep-sea energy infrastructure, demonstrating significant potential for improving failure prediction and enhancing the resilience of built environment systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of recycled E-waste fiber and polyvinyl alcohol on the properties of green concrete incorporating recycled concrete aggregate","authors":"Burachat Chatveera ,&nbsp;Ali Ejaz ,&nbsp;Muhammad Adnan Hanif ,&nbsp;Panumas Saingam ,&nbsp;Qudeer Hussain ,&nbsp;Chatpan Chintanapakdee ,&nbsp;Tosporn Arreeras ,&nbsp;Gritsada Sua-iam","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable construction highlights the need for innovative concrete solutions using waste materials. Although recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and recycled electronic waste fibers (E-waste fibers) have been studied individually, their combined effects remain underexplored. This study addresses this gap by investigating the synergistic effects of coarse RCA (CRCA) and E-waste fibers on the fresh, mechanical, durability, thermal, and economic properties of green concrete. Fly ash replaced 20 % of cement, and PVA was added at 1 % by cement weight. Results showed that increasing CRCA content reduced workability and strength due to porosity. However, incorporating 4.5 % E-waste fibers significantly improved mechanical performance by bridging microcracks. Higher fiber contents negatively affected durability and workability. Thermal conductivity decreased with more CRCA and fibers, enhancing insulation. Economic analysis confirmed that 4.5 % E-waste fiber offers cost-effective performance. This study supports the sustainable use of electronic and construction waste in concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100722"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated fabrication of single-curved carbon textile-reinforced concrete shells using extrusion-based printing","authors":"Tobias Neef ,&nbsp;Sven Engel ,&nbsp;Steffen Müller ,&nbsp;Martin Claßen ,&nbsp;Viktor Mechtcherine","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Concrete shells offer a more sustainable alternative to simple plates due to their efficient use of concrete in compression. When reinforced with a lightweight, corrosion-resistant material such as carbon, it becomes possible to create extremely thin shells by reducing the required concrete cover. However, manufacturing these geometrically complex structures presents a significant challenge and requires substantial manpower.</div><div>This investigation focuses on the automated fabrication of single-curved concrete shells using concrete printing by extrusion. The article presents the digital construction of a reusable framework and discusses the path generation for the printing process using a robotic arm. Additionally, it details the production of printed and laminated thin-walled concrete shells for experimental testing. To assess shell performance and analyze deformations and crack patterns, a four-point bending test is performed using a linear variable differential transformer and a photogrammetric system.</div><div>This promising work makes an early-stage contribution to the digital production of single-curved shells, paving the way for more complex, material-efficient carbon textile-reinforced concrete shell structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100721"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fire scenario simulation method for residential buildings based on generative adversarial network","authors":"Qingle Cheng ,&nbsp;Xuyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jin Zhuang ,&nbsp;Wenjie Liao ,&nbsp;Linlin Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire scenario simulation in residential buildings is crucial for fire safety design, risk assessment, and emergency management. Traditional CFD-based methods face challenges, including long computation times and reliance on expertise, limiting their use for real-time prediction and rapid design optimization. This study introduces a novel simulation method using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). A database of 50 residential layouts encompassing a wide variety of apartment configurations is constructed, with high-resolution spatiotemporal data on temperature and soot visibility generated via CFD. The GAN-based model uses layouts, ignition locations, and fire development times as inputs to predict temperature and soot fields. Experimental results show the model achieves an average Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of 95.7 % compared to CFD and reduces prediction time to 2.56 s—an efficiency improvement of 80,000 times. This method provides an efficient tool for fire risk assessment, evacuation planning, and intelligent fire protection system design in residential buildings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100720"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and localization of anomalies in bridges using accelerometer data and sparse auto-encoders","authors":"Marco Pirrò,&nbsp;Carmelo Gentile","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper focuses on the use of dynamic monitoring and sparse Auto-Encoder (SAE) networks for the detection and the localization of structural anomalies/damages. Unlike previous contributions in the literature, a single SAE is herein defined by simultaneously using the responses acquired at all instrumented points. Once trained using responses collected under healthy/normal condition, the SAE network is expected to accurately reconstruct new data as long as the structure remains in healthy state; however, if structural changes occur, the reconstruction error – measured as the difference between the actual and reconstructed signals – will increase, indicating a deviation from the normal condition. Moreover, the increase in the reconstruction error is conceivably more significant when the reconstructed signal refers to the neighborhood of damage, so that localization of critical regions is attained as well.</div><div>The accuracy and reliability of the proposed methodology is exemplified using data collected on two real bridges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100715"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning based life prediction of rail tracks using environmental and operational factors","authors":"Koochul Ji ,&nbsp;Gil Hwan Wang ,&nbsp;Ilyoon Choi ,&nbsp;Jong-Su Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an integrated method using machine learning approaches for rail track life prediction, including environmental and operational aspects. Comprehensive data were obtained by analyzing metro rail replacement and maintenance data spanning over two decades from South Korea. Multiple regression-based machine learning models were used in the proposed framework to forecast rail life, including categorical boosting (CATB), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), random forest, and decision trees. The average temperature, maintenance count, and passenger volume were revealed from the feature importance evaluated using permutation and Shapley value analyses after Bayesian optimization. The results demonstrate that the XGB and CATB models obtain a coefficient of determination of approximately 0.81 for the test set under actual conditions despite minimal outlier removal. Moreover, this research demonstrates useful applications by mapping forecasts to particular rail segments, thus enabling data-informed maintenance scheduling and proactive decision-making in asset management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100718"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RANS-based fast computational methods for indoor flows: a framework-driven performance assessment for a simple benchmark","authors":"Eugene Mamulova ,&nbsp;Marcel Loomans ,&nbsp;Twan van Hooff","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reliable indoor climate prediction requires reliable tools. Complex airflow predictions often involve the use of physical or numerical models. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a popular, high-fidelity method that can produce reliable predictions. Conventional CFD methods like steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) are time-consuming. Certain methods, called fast computational methods, may be faster and easier to use. However, a framework for addressing the speed, accuracy and software trade-off of these methods is lacking. In this paper, a unified framework is used to compare conventional, two-equation RANS (RANS-2) to four, RANS-based fast computational methods: coarse-grid modelling (c-RANS-2), zero-equation modelling (RANS-0), one-equation modelling (RANS-1), and GPU-based modelling (gpu-RANS-2). This framework is applied to a simple case, as a preliminary step towards understanding how fast computational methods may be applied in practice. This research concludes that gpu-RANS-2 and c-RANS-2 offer the best trade-off for simple mixing ventilation, and makes suggestions for simulating complex flows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100716"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkali-activated concrete waste powder-based coating: Preparation, performance, and electrochemical resistance","authors":"Esraa K. Fayed ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. El-Khayatt ,&nbsp;Fouad I. El-Hosiny ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Gharieb ,&nbsp;Walaa M. Abd El-Gawad ,&nbsp;A. Sabik ,&nbsp;Khalifa Al-Jabri ,&nbsp;Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The environmental challenges posed by concrete waste necessitate effective reutilization strategies. While conventional applications in building materials have been explored, leveraging concrete waste in high-performance contexts, such as steel protective coatings, presents a more valuable avenue. This research investigates the application of concrete waste powder (CWP) in the development of alkali-activated steel coatings using sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃). The findings reveal that the performance of the resultant coatings is primarily influenced by the CWP/Na₂SiO₃ ratio and the silica modulus (Ms). Application of the optimized coating (CWP/Na₂SiO₃ = 40/60 wt%, Ms = 2) to steel reinforcement significantly improved chloride corrosion resistance (3.5–19.8 kΩ cm²) and reduced corrosion current density (45–1.1 μA/cm²). This study proposes a viable method for CWP valorization in demanding applications, contributing to sustainable construction waste management through enhanced material utilization and reduced environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100714"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}