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Effect of temperature on the modal parameters of continuous rigid frame bridge
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100631
Yang Yang , Md Sulayman Hossen , Giuseppe Lacidogna , Wenming Xu , Ibna Kawsar , Junbo Sun , Shameem Hossain
{"title":"Effect of temperature on the modal parameters of continuous rigid frame bridge","authors":"Yang Yang ,&nbsp;Md Sulayman Hossen ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Lacidogna ,&nbsp;Wenming Xu ,&nbsp;Ibna Kawsar ,&nbsp;Junbo Sun ,&nbsp;Shameem Hossain","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The temperature effect on modal parameters such as natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios is critical for precisely determining the health of a bridge. This is the first study investigating how temperature affects the modal properties of a large continuous rigid-frame bridge. The vibration experiment data was collected and analyzed 39 times within a year's maximum and minimum temperatures. The frequency has been analyzed using the Fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm. Mode shape and damping ratio were analyzed using MATLAB software using the covariance-driven stochastic subspace identification method (SSI-COV) and the logarithmic decrement method. Due to the unique shape of the bridge, numerical simulations were performed using Midas Civil software to validate the results. Moreover, the correlation coefficients of frequencies and damping ratios at different temperatures have been evaluated by this observation, which will assist in identifying the large continuous rigid frame bridge's health at various temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100631"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Compatibility analysis of FRP-strengthened exterior RC beam-column joints: An advanced analytical model
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100634
Davood Mostofinejad, Mahshid Abdoli
{"title":"Compatibility analysis of FRP-strengthened exterior RC beam-column joints: An advanced analytical model","authors":"Davood Mostofinejad,&nbsp;Mahshid Abdoli","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exterior reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column joints are critical components that endure complex stress states during seismic events, often requiring retrofitting due to their vulnerability to shear failure and rebar slippage. However, the complex behavior of these joints has led to significant simplifications in design codes, often neglecting crucial issues such as interactions of rebars, FRP, and concrete, considering rebars' extensions and slippages, FRP sheets' elongations, and other effective parameters such as confinement degree of the joint, FRP stress distribution, and the rebars-to-concrete bond degradations due to cyclic loading. This study addresses these limitations by developing an innovative analytical model for fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened exterior RC beam-column joints. The proposed model introduces new compatibility conditions and formulations that comprehensively consider the intricate interactions between externally applied FRP sheets, internal reinforcing bars, and concrete surface deformations. Previous research overlooked these key aspects, leading to difficulty in accurately predicting joint deformations. The proposed model is then simplified for practical applications. To assess the proposed model's accuracy, a comprehensive database is compiled from previous studies, followed by a critical comparison between experiments and the model's estimations and comparisons with established codes for FRP strengthening. The proposed model estimates the joints' shear resistance effectively, with a mean value (MV) of 0.94 and a coefficient of variation (COV) of 12%, surpassing existing codes, which have MV values of 0.26–0.72 and COV values of 83%–148%, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100634"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flexural behaviour of a new modular and demountable truss beam with embedded nodes
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100636
Cong Liu , Zihao Wang , Xin Chen , Jian Yuan , Xiaoyong Mao , Guiming Chen , Yong Sun
{"title":"Flexural behaviour of a new modular and demountable truss beam with embedded nodes","authors":"Cong Liu ,&nbsp;Zihao Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Jian Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Mao ,&nbsp;Guiming Chen ,&nbsp;Yong Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demountable structures, through specific connection designs, enable direct disassembly and subsequent reuse of the structure or its components. The current method of realizing structural demountability primarily relies on bolted connections, which diminish disassembly and convenience. This paper presents a novel modular and demountable truss beam, and a new embedded node has been developed to improve disassembly and assembly efficiency. Tensile and shear tests of the embedded node were conducted. A refined finite element model of the node was developed, and the mechanical performance of the embedded node which was subjected to tension and shear simultaneously, was explored. Bending tests of three modular and demountable truss beams were conducted to investigate the flexural behaviour. Failure modes, load-displacement curves, and load-strain curves were obtained. Results show that the ultimate failure of the truss is caused by the failure of a single member. The FEM of MDTB was developed and verified by tests.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100636"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessment of impact of bottlenecks on evacuation in subway stations using network analysis
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100632
Jiwon Jeong , Ilwha Lee , Youngseok Oh , Jeryang Park , Seungjun Ahn
{"title":"Assessment of impact of bottlenecks on evacuation in subway stations using network analysis","authors":"Jiwon Jeong ,&nbsp;Ilwha Lee ,&nbsp;Youngseok Oh ,&nbsp;Jeryang Park ,&nbsp;Seungjun Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a novel graph-theory-based analytical framework is introduced, which maps a subway station's spatial configuration into a network model using a space syntax approach. This framework employs Betweenness Centrality (BC) analysis to identify potential bottleneck points in evacuation flows. Various what-if scenarios are tested, including evacuations from the subway station in intact conditions, damaged conditions due to disaster, and improved design for enhanced evacuability. The framework is applied in a case study of Gwanggyo Jungang Station in Korea, which features a typical subway station layout and spatial configuration. Pedestrian simulation models (PSM) are developed and tested for each scenario, allowing for a comparison between the BC analysis results and simulation outcomes. The findings verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework. This integrated approach offers a novel methodical avenue for the quantitative assessment of the evacuability of underground facilities, potentially enhancing subway station designs for better public safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100632"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-scale analysis of fire and evacuation drill in a multi-functional university high-rise building
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100626
Yuxin Zhang , Yifei Ding , Mohcine Chraibi , Xinyan Huang
{"title":"Multi-scale analysis of fire and evacuation drill in a multi-functional university high-rise building","authors":"Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yifei Ding ,&nbsp;Mohcine Chraibi ,&nbsp;Xinyan Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire evacuation drills are crucial for familiarizing occupants with building layouts and evacuation procedures. However, organizing a large drill in an educational site is rare due to the cost effort and data limitations. This paper examines a fire drill in a multi-functional university building in Hong Kong with over 800 participants. While capturing every participant's evacuation process was challenging, key location recordings allowed for a detailed analysis of corridors, staircases, and exits. The analysis revealed that nearly 50% of participants delayed responding to fire alarms, with some remaining in their rooms for over four minutes. Furthermore, exits experienced imbalanced utilization rates, and one was over 200% of design capacity, revealing occupants' preference for familiar routes. Additionally, it highlights the importance of fire drills and discusses future roadmap combining advanced techniques. Overall, this study offers valuable data on human behavior during emergencies, supporting the calibration and validation of evacuation models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100626"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Regeneration of borehole fields using residential waste heat from ventilation and sewage
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100630
Janne Hirvonen , Santeri Siren , Piia Sormunen
{"title":"Regeneration of borehole fields using residential waste heat from ventilation and sewage","authors":"Janne Hirvonen ,&nbsp;Santeri Siren ,&nbsp;Piia Sormunen","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground-source heating systems in Finland face challenges in their long-term sustainability and feasibility in densely built urban environments. Enough space must be left between the boreholes used for heat collection to avoid premature cooling of the ground due to heat extraction. Ventilation heat recovery for preheating supply air is mandated in buildings, but much of this heat is lost during summer, when there is no need for heating. Sewage heat recovery on the other hand is not required at all. This simulation study examines how injecting residential waste heat into borehole fields can prevent the rapid temperature decline that follows from reducing the spacing between boreholes. Dynamic energy simulations were performed using IDA-ICE and TRNSYS. The results show that storing waste heat in the ground can sustain stable temperature levels in tightly spaced borehole fields indefinitely. This is especially important in large borehole fields meant to service a building cluster.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100630"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards a human-centric city emergency response: Modelling activity patterns of urban population
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100633
Qian-Cheng Wang , Ping He , Yibin Li , Yuting Hou , Yi Izzy Jian , Xuan Liu
{"title":"Towards a human-centric city emergency response: Modelling activity patterns of urban population","authors":"Qian-Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Ping He ,&nbsp;Yibin Li ,&nbsp;Yuting Hou ,&nbsp;Yi Izzy Jian ,&nbsp;Xuan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human-centric management is emerging as a new trend in urban emergency response, which develops management and resource allocation strategies based on activity patterns of urban population and their derived demands. This study aims to construct an MDCEV-based model to capture the activity patternss of different types of residents during urban emergencies. Using a case study in Shanghai, China, the study calibrates and validates the model using resident survey data. In addition, we conducted scenario analyses to explore the impact of promoting community service participation, remote work experiences, and various working patterns on residents’ activity patterns. The research discusses the heterogeneity of time allocation patterns among different resident types in urban emergency management contexts and highlights the influence of external interventions on resident activities. Our findings contribute to the development of supporting measures for vulnerable residents and human-centric city emergency response strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100633"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143549805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the thermo-physic, acoustic, and mechanical performance of innovative hydrochar-modified plasters
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100627
Carolina Santini , Claudia Fabiani , Marco Barbanera , Alessandro Cardarelli , Stefano Agnetti , Anna Laura Pisello
{"title":"Evaluation of the thermo-physic, acoustic, and mechanical performance of innovative hydrochar-modified plasters","authors":"Carolina Santini ,&nbsp;Claudia Fabiani ,&nbsp;Marco Barbanera ,&nbsp;Alessandro Cardarelli ,&nbsp;Stefano Agnetti ,&nbsp;Anna Laura Pisello","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the integration of hydrochar, derived from municipal solid waste, into cement-lime-based plasters to enhance their thermo-acoustic and mechanical properties. The research begins by analyzing the thermo-physical properties of hydrochar, revealing its exceptional thermal stability exceeding 200 °C. The porous nature of hydrochar proves to be advantageous, positively impacting the thermal characteristics of the plasters. Notably, the innovative plaster exhibits a significant reduction in thermal conductivity, dropping from 1 Wm<sup>−2</sup>K<sup>−1</sup> to approximately 0.7 Wm<sup>−2</sup>K<sup>−1</sup>. Despite a lower density of about 10% compared to the standard plaster, the hydrochar-modified plaster maintains good acoustic and mechanical performance. Transmission loss remains stable at 60 dB varying the thickness of the plaster while compressive and flexural strengths reduce by 2%, due to the higher percentage of water used (from 22% to 26%) to guarantee the same workability of the plasters and to distribute the hydrochar uniformly in the mix design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automating vertical bearing capacity calculations using python: Prompt engineering of ChatGPT on API RP 2A
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100628
Saeyon Kim, Donghwi Kim, Heejung Youn
{"title":"Automating vertical bearing capacity calculations using python: Prompt engineering of ChatGPT on API RP 2A","authors":"Saeyon Kim,&nbsp;Donghwi Kim,&nbsp;Heejung Youn","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the application of ChatGPT by applying prompt engineering to enable the model to process a design standard documentation and generate computer code for calculating the vertical bearing capacity of piles. A framework is proposed for the prompt engineering of ChatGPT to compute the vertical bearing capacity according to API RP 2A and to generate Python code that complies with this standard. The research is structured into three key steps: providing geotechnical data, refining prompts to guide ChatGPT in processing the API methods for bearing capacity calculation and generating Python code to automate the calculations. Through iterative prompt refinement, the model's accuracy was improved, resulting in Python code that produced reliable outputs aligned with API RP 2A design criteria. In contrast, when ChatGPT performed the calculations directly without generating code, the results were less reliable, underscoring the value of ChatGPT-driven code generation for achieving accurate and consistent outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100628"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reliability analysis-based life cycle assessment of railway components using long-term maintenance data
IF 6.2 2区 工程技术
Developments in the Built Environment Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100629
Koochul Ji , Ilyoon Choi , Jongmuk Won
{"title":"Reliability analysis-based life cycle assessment of railway components using long-term maintenance data","authors":"Koochul Ji ,&nbsp;Ilyoon Choi ,&nbsp;Jongmuk Won","doi":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dibe.2025.100629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a framework to evaluate the reliability of rail operation times and optimal maintenance intervals for sleepers and fasteners using a long-term maintenance database in South Korea. Additionally, the study investigates the effects of rail grinding and establishes optimal rail replacement intervals. It was found that the optimal maintenance interval of 2.04 and 2.36 months for fasteners and sleepers and optimal replacement interval of 89 months with griding interval of 10 months for rail would be recommended. It was also found that rail grinding reduces rail degradation rates and extends rail lifespan. In addition, reinforced concrete sleeper, concrete track bed (slab track), and straight rail track shows higher long-term durability than prestressed concrete sleeper, gravel ballast, and curved rail track. Overall, the proposed framework can provide data-driven cost-based optimization to determine the best maintenance strategies for long-term sustainable railway operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34137,"journal":{"name":"Developments in the Built Environment","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100629"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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