Clinical Psychology in Europe最新文献

{"title":"The Effects of Mindfulness-Focused Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Elevated Levels of Stress and Symptoms of Exhaustion Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Kristofer Vernmark, Timo Hursti, Victoria Blom, Robert Persson Asplund, Elise Nathanson, Linda Engelro, Ella Radvogin, Gerhard Andersson","doi":"10.32872/cpe.12899","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.12899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Internet-based Cognitive Behavior Therapy (ICBT) and mindfulness interventions are commonly used to treat elevated levels of stress. There are however few high-quality studies that examine ICBT with integrated mindfulness components for symptoms of stress and exhaustion, and the role of mindfulness exercises in digital treatment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The aim of the present study was to evaluate if a mindfulness-focused ICBT-program could reduce symptoms of stress and exhaustion, and increase quality of life, in a randomized controlled trial including 97 self-referred participants between 18 and 65 years who experienced elevated levels of stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group had significantly reduced symptoms of stress and exhaustion, and increased quality of life, compared to the control group. Compared with the controls, participants in the intervention group showed a significant improvement with moderate to large effects on the primary outcome measure perceived stress (<i>d</i> = 0.79), and the secondary outcomes, exhaustion (<i>d</i> = 0.65), and quality of life (<i>d</i> = 0.40). Participants in the ICBT group also increased their level of mindfulness (<i>d</i> = 0.66) during the program. The amount of mindfulness training was significantly associated with an increased level of mindfulness, which in turn was significantly associated with reduced stress symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mindfulness-focused ICBT can be an effective method to reduce stress-related mental health problems and the amount of mindfulness training seems to be of importance to increase the level of experienced mindfulness after treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e12899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Evidence-Based Cognitive and/or Behavioural Interventions Targeting Mental Health in LGBTQ+ Populations.","authors":"Carina Tudor-Sfetea, Raluca Topciu","doi":"10.32872/cpe.11323","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.11323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite a minority stress-related higher risk to develop mental health difficulties, and problematic access to and treatment from healthcare providers, research into LGBTQ+ mental health support is limited. The aims of this systematic review were to explore evidence-based cognitive and/or behavioural interventions and adaptations targeting mental health in LGBTQ+ populations, before providing recommendations for future clinical and research directions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six databases were searched in February-March 2022 and risk of bias evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2/ROBINS-I tools. A narrative synthesis following the PICOS framework and the review questions was used to examine the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies met inclusion criteria, including various interventions and adaptations, mental health difficulties, and other emotion- and minority stress-related processes/constructs. Risk of bias was judged as high, and critical/serious, respectively, in all studies. Outcomes included improvements in symptoms of depression (most statistically/clinically significant effects/large effect sizes), and anxiety, emotion regulation, and internalised homophobia in the pre-post studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cognitive/behavioural interventions and adaptations for LGBTQ+ populations feature a range of therapeutic modalities and levels of adaptation, with largely positive effects, in the context of limited and heterogenous literature and risk of bias concerns, as well as limitations related to publication bias and inclusion criteria of the current work. Suggestions for future clinical and research directions include a focus on generic therapeutic competencies and metacompetencies, and affirmative, potentially more holistic approaches, as well as more consistency in methodology, more focus on underserved LGBTQ+ populations and intersectionality, and more detailed investigations into mechanisms of change.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e11323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why We Need a Stronger Focus on Women's Health in Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment.","authors":"Cornelia Weise, Carola Hajek Gross","doi":"10.32872/cpe.15683","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.15683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e15683"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a European Psychotherapy Consortium (EPoC): Towards Adopting a Single-Item Self-Report Outcome Measure Across European Countries.","authors":"Miguel M Gonçalves, Wolfgang Lutz, Brian Schwartz, João Tiago Oliveira, Suoma E Saarni, Orya Tishby, Julian A Rubel, Jan R Boehnke, Adrian Montesano, Dario Paiva, Davide Ceridono, Emmanuelle Zech, Jochem Willemsen, Samuli I Saarni, Katarina Kompan Erzar, Luís Janeiro, Omar C G Gelo, Paula Errázuriz, Pawel Holas, Rafał Styła, Tatjana Rožič, Tom Rosenström, Vera Békés, Zsolt Unoka, Michael Barkham","doi":"10.32872/cpe.13827","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.13827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Complementing the development of evidence-based psychological therapies, practice-based evidence has developed from patient samples collected in routine care, addressing questions relevant to patients and practitioners, and thereby expanding our knowledge of psychological therapies and their impact. Implementation of assessments in routine care allows for timely clinical decision support and the collection of multiple practice-based data sets by addressing the needs of patients and clinicians (e.g., routine outcome monitoring) and the needs of researchers (e.g., identifying the impact of therapist variables on outcomes).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this article we describe an initiative developed in Europe, through the European Chapter of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, aimed at creating a consortium that has the potential for collecting data on tens of thousands of patients per year.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A survey identified one of the main problems in the development of a common data set to be the heterogeneity of measures used by members (e.g., 87 different pre-post outcomes). We report on the results of the survey and the initial stage of identifying a single-item - the Emotional and Psychological Outcome (EPO-1) - measure and the process of its translation into multiple European languages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude this first stage of the overall project by discussing the future potential of the Consortium in relation to the development of procedures that allow crosswalks of outcome measures and the creation of a task force that may be consulted when new data sets are collected, aiming for new common measures to be implemented and shared.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e13827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning a Practical Psychotherapeutic Skill in Higher Education in Sweden: A Conceptual Paper Concerning the Importance of Constructive Alignment When Teaching Therapeutic Alliance.","authors":"Ann-Sophie Lindqvist Bagge, Rolf Holmqvist, Therése Skoog, Malin Hildebrand Karlén","doi":"10.32872/cpe.12037","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.12037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In addition to theoretical education, clinical psychology programs should include practical skills training. This skill training may be tied to specific assessment and treatment methods; other skills, such as the ability to create a collaborative alliance with patients, are more generic. Previous research has shown that the ability to build a therapeutic alliance (TA) is often not systematically taught in clinical psychology programs and it is uncertain how this competence is examined. A lack of competence in establishing TA on the part of the psychologist might diminish the effects of psychotherapy. To meet the Bologna Declaration, European universities need to demonstrate constructive alignment, i.e. a relationship between elements of the course content and intended learning outcomes in course documents, and show how the acquired knowledge, abilities, and approaches are assessed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This conceptual paper reviewed the syllabuses for universities in Sweden offering the five-year clinical psychology program to illustrate how higher education in Sweden adheres to the Bologna recommendation on constructive alignment when teaching TA to future clinical psychologists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only two universities out of all eleven universities in Sweden offering a psychology program described satisfactory constructive alignment concerning TA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This conceptual paper raises awareness of the importance of pedagogic structure when teaching TA in higher education by pointing to the prevailing lack of constructive alignment in teaching TA. The increased awareness will hopefully lead to improved structuring in the teaching of TA.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e12037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Associations of Experiential and Reflective Dimensions of Meaning in Life With Psychopathological Symptoms.","authors":"Albert Anoschin, Michael K Zürn, Carina Remmers","doi":"10.32872/cpe.11381","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.11381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rather than being rooted in deliberate reflection, the experience of meaning has been shown to evolve from intuitive processes (Heintzelman & King, 2013b, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6527-6_7). Accordingly, experiential and reflective dimensions of meaning in life can be distinguished (Hill et al., 2019, https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2018.1434483). In this preregistered study, we explored how these dimensions are longitudinally associated with psychopathological symptoms. We expected that experiencing more meaning would predict fewer depressive symptoms and fewer personality functioning impairments six months later, whereas reflecting about meaning would predict more psychopathological symptoms.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A German-speaking sample of <i>N</i> = 388 completed self-report measures assessing meaning in life, depression, and personality functioning at baseline and six months later.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Controlling for depression at baseline, elevated levels of experiencing meaning in life predicted a decrease in depressive symptoms. Experiencing meaning did not predict personality functioning impairments six months later. However, exploratory analyses with a larger sample tentatively showed that experiencing meaning in life predicted less impairments in personality functioning. Evidence supporting the hypothesized association between reflection and future depression as well as future personality functioning impairments was discerned through exploratory analyses. Generalizability of results to clinical care settings is limited due to the studied non-clinical sample. No causal conclusions can be drawn from the data because the study employed an observational design with two assessment points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experiencing meaning in life emerged as a potential protective factor against future psychopathological symptoms, whereas exploratory analyses pointed to an opposite relationship for reflection about meaning in life. Results are discussed with regard to clinical implications and directions for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 3","pages":"e11381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counteract Anhedonia! Introducing an Online-Training to Enhance Reward Experiencing - A Pilot Study.","authors":"Cara Limpächer, Tordis Kindt, Jürgen Hoyer","doi":"10.32872/cpe.13751","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.13751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anhedonia is a risk factor for a severe course of depression but is often not adequately addressed in psychotherapy. This study presents the Training to Enhance Reward Experience (T-REx), a novel self-help approach that uses savoring and mental imagery to target impairments in reward experience associated with anhedonia. We aimed to examine feasibility and acceptability of T-REx and exploratively investigated its effects on anhedonia and other clinical variables.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In an online, randomized controlled trial, 79 subjects participated for five days in T-REx or the active control condition Gratitude Writing (GW). We assessed changes in anhedonia, depression, and active behavior at inclusion, after the waiting period, post-intervention and at follow-up. The intervention effects were examined for the full sample and an anhedonic sub-sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>T-REx and GW were equally feasible and clearly accepted by the sample. Both interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms and increased behavioral activation. Although there was no significant main effect of the interventions, between-group differences were observed for depressive symptoms and active behavior at post-intervention and follow-up, favoring T-REx. Further, within-group changes for T-REx were larger than for GW. The observed effects had a greater magnitude in the anhedonic sub-sample, suggesting that individuals with more pronounced anhedonic symptoms derived greater benefit from the interventions.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This first study of T-REx provides promising results that should prompt further investigations of T-REx in clinical samples. The results suggest that T-REx has a positive effect on depression symptoms and active behavior. Further, its potential as a valuable adjunct to behavioral activation interventions is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 2","pages":"e13751"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worry Postponement From the Metacognitive Perspective: A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Clara Krzikalla, Ulrike Buhlmann, Janina Schug, Ina Kopei, Alexander L Gerlach, Philipp Doebler, Nexhmedin Morina, Tanja Andor","doi":"10.32872/cpe.12741","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.12741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pathological worry is associated with appraisals of worrying as uncontrollable. Worry postponement (WP) with a stimulus control rationale appears to be effective in non-clinical samples. However, preliminary research in participants with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) does not support its efficacy in reducing negative metacognitions or worry. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of WP with a metacognitive rationale.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants with GAD (n = 47) or hypochondriasis (HYP; n = 35) were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (IG) or waitlist (WL). The IG received a two-session long WP intervention aiming at mainly reducing negative metacognitions concerning uncontrollability of worrying. Participants were instructed to postpone their worry process to a predetermined later time during the six days between the two sessions. Participants completed questionnaires of negative metacognitions and worry at pre-assessment, post-assessment, and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significant Time*Group interaction for negative metacognitions and worry. Post-hoc analyses on the total sample and separately for GAD and HYP revealed significantly lower worry scores in the treated GAD sample compared to the WL, representing the only significant effect. In the GAD group, pre-post-effect sizes were small for negative metacognitions and large for worry. Effects persisted to a four-week follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>WP with a metacognitive rationale seems to be effective in reducing worry in participants with GAD. The effectiveness for HYP seems limited, possibly due to the small sample size.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 2","pages":"e12741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Alliance Negotiation Scale - Therapist Version: Psychometric Properties in a Sample of Portuguese Psychologists.","authors":"Ana Catarina Nunes da Silva, Marta Matos, Helena Carvalho","doi":"10.32872/cpe.11477","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.11477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The transtheoretical conceptualization of the working alliance and the resultant evaluation tools often overestimate the collaboration between therapist and client, while neglecting the negotiation process. The degree to which therapists and clients can negotiate disagreements regarding goals and tasks is an important indicator in establishing and maintaining the alliance. Even though the negotiation concept is not new, there is still a lack of reliable and parsimonious self-report measures of the construct. The purpose of this study was to translate, execute the cultural adaptation and, also, to perform a preliminary psychometric analysis of the Portuguese form of the therapist version of the Alliance Negotiation Scale (ANS-T_Pt).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were collected online from 100 Portuguese psychologists. Two random sub-samples were used to conduct both exploratory factorial analysis and confirmatory factorial analysis. Convergent validity was assessed through comparison with the Portuguese version of the Working Alliance Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ANS-T_Pt showed a one-factorial structure, consistent with previous versions, and demonstrated adequate internal consistency. Evidence supporting criterion-related validity was found based on the correlations between ANS-T_Pt and WAI-T scores. The results showed moderate to large associations between the instruments. These results support the usefulness of the scale, construct's relevance and its transtheoretical nature.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results are a step forward for Portuguese therapists' and researchers' ability to evaluate the bond between client and therapist and to compare results from different countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 2","pages":"e11477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Role of Euthymia in Mental Health.","authors":"Jenny Guidi","doi":"10.32872/cpe.14349","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.14349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"6 2","pages":"e14349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11303918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141907825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}