Clinical Psychology in Europe最新文献

{"title":"Symptom Perceptions in Functional Disorders, Major Health Conditions, and Healthy Controls: A General Population Study.","authors":"Angelika Weigel,&nbsp;Thomas Meinertz Dantoft,&nbsp;Torben Jørgensen,&nbsp;Tina Carstensen,&nbsp;Bernd Löwe,&nbsp;John Weinman,&nbsp;Lisbeth Frostholm","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.7739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study investigated differences in symptom perceptions between individuals with functional disorders (FD), major health conditions, and FDs + major health conditions, respectively, and a group of healthy individuals. Furthermore, it investigated the relevance of FDs among other health-related and psychological correlates of symptom perceptions in the framework of the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CMS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This cross-sectional study used epidemiological data from the Danish Study of Functional Disorders part two (N = 7,459 participants, 54% female, 51.99 ± 13.4 years). Symptom perceptions were assessed using the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) and compared between the four health condition groups. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine associations between symptom perceptions, FDs, and other health-related and psychological correlates from the CMS framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with FDs (n = 976) and those with FDs + major health conditions (n = 162) reported less favorable symptom perceptions compared to the other two groups, particularly regarding perceived consequences, timeline, and emotional representations (effect size range Cohen's d = 0.12-0.66). The presence of a FD was significantly associated with all B-IPQ items, even in the context of 16 other relevant health-related and psychological correlates from the CMS framework, whereas symptom presence last year or last week was not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the general population, symptom perceptions seem to play a more salient role in FD than in individuals with well-defined physical illness. Symptom perceptions should therefore be targeted in both primary and secondary interventions for FDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"4 4","pages":"e7739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9881122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10689471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meaningful and Lasting Change - Psychotherapy in the Light of Evolutionary Processes.","authors":"Andrew T Gloster, Elisa Haller","doi":"10.32872/cpe.9859","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.9859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychotherapies can lead to meaningful and lasting change.Evolutionary theory is relevant for understanding psychotherapy.Process-based approaches to conceptualizing psychotherapy can help organize clinical knowledge.Process-based approaches may be more useful than competitions between psychotherapy schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e9859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shame Mediates the Relationship Between Negative Trauma Attributions and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Symptoms in a Trauma Exposed Sample.","authors":"Rebecca Seah, David Berle","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7801","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.7801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Theoretical models of self-conscious emotions indicate that shame is elicited through internal, stable, and global causal attributions of the precipitating event. The current study aimed to investigate whether these negative attributions are related to trauma-related shame and PTSD symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 658 participants aged 18 to 89 (M <i>=</i> 33.42; SD <i>=</i> 12.17) with a history of trauma exposure completed a range of self-report measures assessing trauma exposure, negative trauma-related attributions, shame, and PTSD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of internal, stable, and global trauma-related attributions were significantly associated with shame and PTSD. Shame mediated the association between trauma-related attributions and PTSD symptom severity, even after controlling for the effects of number of trauma exposures, worst index trauma and depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present results suggest that negative attributions are a critical cognitive component related to shame and in turn, PTSD symptom severity. Future research should aim to replicate these findings in a clinical sample and extend these findings using prospective designs.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e7801"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Adverse Effects of Behavioural Preventive Strategies During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany: An Online General Population Survey.","authors":"Michael Witthöft,&nbsp;Stefanie M Jungmann,&nbsp;Sylvan Germer,&nbsp;Anne-Kathrin Bräscher","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.7205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quarantine and physical distancing represent the two most important non-pharmaceutical actions to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparatively little is known about possible adverse consequences of these behavioural measures in Germany. This study aimed at investigating potential early adverse effects associated with quarantine and physical distancing at the beginning of the countrywide lockdown in Germany in March 2020.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Using a cross-sectional online survey (N = 4,268), adverse consequences attributed to physical distancing, symptoms of psychopathology, and sociodemographic variables were explored in the total sample as well as in high-risk groups (i.e., people with a physical or mental condition).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently reported adverse effects were impairment of spare time activities, job-related impairment, and adverse emotional effects (e.g., worries, sadness). Participants with a mental disorder reported the highest levels of adverse consequences (across all domains) compared to participants with a physical disease or participants without any mental or physical condition. No significant association between the duration of the behavioural protective measures and the severity of adverse mental health effects was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results showed that non-pharmaceutical actions were associated with adverse effects, particularly in people with mental disorders. The findings are of relevance for tailoring support to special at-risk groups in times of behavioural preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e7205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667337/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40497326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blended Delivery of Imagery Rescripting for Childhood PTSD: A Case Study During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Nathan Bachrach,&nbsp;Sanja Giesen,&nbsp;Arnoud Arntz","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.7815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the growing evidence that trauma-focused treatments can be applied as first-line approaches for individuals with childhood trauma-related PTSD (Ch-PTSD), many therapists are still reluctant to provide trauma-focused treatments as a first-choice intervention for individuals with Ch-PTSD, especially by telehealth. The current manuscript will therefore give an overview of the evidence for the effectiveness of trauma-focused therapies for individuals with Ch-PTSD, the delivery of trauma-focused treatments via telehealth, and a case example on how a specific form of trauma focused therapy: Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) can be applied by telehealth.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This article presents a clinical illustration of a blended telehealth trajectory of imagery rescripting (ImRs) Ch-PTSD delivered during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The presented case shows that ImRs can be safely and effectively performed by telehealth for ch-PTSD, no stabilization phase was needed and only seven sessions were needed to drastically reduce Ch-PTSD and depressive symptoms, and to increase quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report shows the effectiveness of ImRs by telehealth for Ch-PTSD, which gives hope and additional possibilities to reach out to patients with ch-PTDS. Telehealth treatment might have some of advantages for specific patients, especially, but certainly not only, during the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e7815"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotherapy Under Lockdown: The Use and Experience of Teleconsultation by Psychotherapists During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Jessica Notermans, Pierre Philippot","doi":"10.32872/cpe.6821","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.6821","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Facing the COVID-19 pandemic, some psychotherapists had to propose remote consultations, i.e., teleconsultation. While some evidence suggests positive outcomes from teleconsultation, professionals still hold negative beliefs towards it. Additionally, no rigorous and integrative practice framework for teleconsultation has yet been developed. This article aims to explore the use and experience of teleconsultation by 1) investigating differences between psychotherapists proposing and not proposing it; 2) evaluating the impact of negative attitudes towards teleconsultation on various variables; 3) determining the perceived detrimental effect of teleconsultation, as opposed to in-person, on the therapeutic relationship and personal experience; and 4) providing insights for the development of a teleconsultation practice framework.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online survey was distributed via different professional organisations across several countries to 246 (195 women) French-speaking psychotherapists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychotherapists who did not propose teleconsultation believed it to be more technically challenging than psychotherapists who proposed it, but felt less constrained to propose it, and had less colleagues offering it. Attitudes towards teleconsultation showed no significant associations with therapeutic relationship, personal experience, and percentage of teleconsultation. As compared to in-person, empathy, congruence, and therapeutic alliance were perceived to significantly deteriorate online, whereas work organisation was perceived to be significantly better. While most psychotherapists proposed remote consultations, they did not provide adaptations to such setting (e.g., ascertaining a neutral video background); nor used videoconferencing platforms meeting privacy and confidentiality criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Training and evidenced-based information should be urgently provided to practitioners to develop rigorous guidelines and an ethically and legally safe practice framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e6821"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implicit Attitudes Toward Psychotherapy and Explicit Barriers to Accessing Psychotherapy in Youths and Parent-Youth Dyads.","authors":"Simone Pfeiffer,&nbsp;Ashley Huffer,&nbsp;Anna Feil,&nbsp;Tina In-Albon","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.7375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have investigated implicit and explicit attitudes toward psychotherapy in youths (Study 1), although information about attitudes would improve interventions that aim to decrease barriers to accessing psychotherapy including parents (Study 2), who facilitate the help-seeking process of youths.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Study 1 sample comprised 96 youths (14-21 years) and the Study 2 sample 38 parent-youth dyads. Differences in implicit attitudes regarding psychotherapy and a medical treatment were measured with the Implicit Association Test, and psychotherapy knowledge and self-reported barriers to psychotherapy were assessed with questionnaires. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to test the dyadic effects of implicit attitudes on explicit attitudes in parents and youths.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We did not find evidence for an implicit bias toward psychotherapy compared to a medical treatment, neither in youths, nor in parents. Self-reported barriers were a predictor for lower help-seeking intentions. Deficits in psychotherapy knowledge were more relevant in younger participants. Having a prior or current experience with psychotherapy and having a friend or family member with a prior or current experience with psychotherapy were predictors for better psychotherapy knowledge, but was not for lower barriers to accessing psychotherapy. Partner effects (degree to which the individual's implicit attitudes are associated with explicit attitudes of the other dyad's member) were not found.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific deficits in psychotherapy knowledge should be addressed in interventions to lower barriers accessing psychotherapy. Parents should be included in interventions as a valuable resource to support youths in seeking psychotherapy for mental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e7375"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40475772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title of \"Ambassador of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment\" Awarded to Danutė Gailienė.","authors":"Evaldas Kazlauskas,&nbsp;Andreas Maercker","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.7747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper presents professional activities and the major works of an ambassador of the European Association of Clinical Psychology and Psychological Treatment (EACLIPT), Prof. Danutė Gailienė. Prof. Gailienė is among the most influential European clinical psychologists who contributed to clinical psychology training, research, and practice in former post-communist East European countries. Her entire career was dedicated to the development of clinical psychology, and through her work, Prof. Gailienė demonstrated how even in an oppressive and politically difficult environment, it is possible to keep the integrity and work up to higher standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":"4 3","pages":"e7747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10268047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Premature Dropout From Psychotherapy: Prevalence, Perceived Reasons and Consequences as Rated by Clinicians.","authors":"Niclas Kullgard,&nbsp;Rolf Holmqvist,&nbsp;Gerhard Andersson","doi":"10.32872/cpe.6695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.6695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Why clients discontinue their psychotherapies has attracted more attention recently as it is a major problem for many healthcare services. Studies suggest that dropout rates may be affected by the mode of therapy, low-quality therapeutic alliance, low SES, and by conditions such personality disorders or substance abuse. The aims of the study were to investigate what happens in therapies which end in a dropout, and to estimate how common dropout is as reported by practicing clinicians.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An online questionnaire was developed and completed by 116 therapists working in clinical settings. They were recruited via social media (Facebook and different online psychotherapy groups) in Sweden and worked with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic Therapy (PDT), Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) and Integrative Psychotherapy (IP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Psychotherapists rated the frequency of premature dropout in psychotherapy to be on average 8.89% (MD = 5, SD = 8.34, Range = 0-50%). The most common reasons for a dropout, as stated by the therapists, were that clients were not satisfied with the type of intervention offered, or that clients did not benefit from the treatment as they had expected. The most common feeling following a dropout was self-doubt.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, premature dropout is common in clinical practice and has negative emotional consequences for therapists. Premature dropout may lead to feelings of self-doubt and powerlessness among therapists. The therapeutic alliance was mostly rated as good in dropout therapies. Further research is needed to validate the findings with data on the prevalence and subjective reasons behind a dropout from point of view of clients.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e6695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40694771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Effect of Physical Exercise on Negative Affect in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Samuel St-Amour, Lionel Cailhol, Anthony C Ruocco, Paquito Bernard","doi":"10.32872/cpe.7495","DOIUrl":"10.32872/cpe.7495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physical exercise is an evidence-based treatment to reduce symptoms and negative affect in several psychiatric disorders, including depressive, anxiety, and psychotic disorders. However, the effect of physical exercise on negative affect in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) has not yet been investigated. In this pilot study, we tested the safety, acceptability, and potential acute effects on negative affect of a single session of aerobic physical exercise in adults with BPD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>After completing a negative mood induction procedure, 28 adults with BPD were randomly assigned to a 20-minute single session of stationary bicycle or a control condition (emotionally neutral video).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No adverse effects attributed to the physical exercise were reported and it was considered acceptable to patients. Following the negative mood induction, both conditions decreased the level of negative affect with a medium effect size but there was no significant difference between them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that a single 20-minute session of physical exercise does not produce a reduction of negative affect in BPD. Future research should consider the duration and intensities of physical exercise with the greatest potential to reduce negative affect both acutely and in a more prolonged manner in this patient group.</p>","PeriodicalId":34029,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology in Europe","volume":" ","pages":"e7495"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9667418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40497323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}