Sports & Exercise Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Aquatic Resistance Plyometric Training on Lower Limb Strength, Jumping Performance and Dynamic Stability in Collegiate Basketball Players","authors":"Yu-Chun Chung","doi":"10.5297/SER.1802.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1802.001","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks aquatic resistance plyometric training (ARPT) on lower limb strength, jumping performance, dynamic stability and muscle soreness, and also to determine the persistence of training effect following 4 weeks detraining in collegiate basketball players. Fifteen Division I male basketball players from Chinese Culture University (CCU) (age: 19.8 ± 0.9 yr, height: 186.1 ± 5.7 cm, weight: 82.9 ± 5.7 kg) were randomly assigned into ARPT and C (control) groups. After the pretests, participants in both training groups performed two 60-min training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Posttest analyses were conducted after first and fourth week of detraining. Results indicated that 4 weeks detraining significantly improved the relative peak torque of knee extension with angular velocity set at 60°．S^(-1) and 180°．S^(-1), and jump height of three-step jump (TSJ) compared to pre-test in ARPT group. Furthermore, relative peak torque with angular velocity set at 180°．S^(-1) and contact time of TSJ were also significantly improved following 4-week detraining than 1 week after training. The Star Excursion Balance Test of ARPT group was significantly improved than pre-test following 1 and 4 weeks of detraining. We conclude that the aquatic resistance plyometric training significantly improved the dynamic stability of the lower limbs, and these effects appear to be sustained until 4 weeks following detraining. Although the effect of ARPT has a delay phenomenon in lower limb strength and jumping performance after 8-week training, however, following 4-week detraining, the effects are significantly better than pre-test and 1 week after training. We recommend that aquatic resistance plyometric training could be applied with tapering, which may be beneficial to maintain the s pecific physical fitness in the longer season.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133493912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Different Gait Cadences on Lower Extremity Joint Loading during Stair Descent in Obese Children","authors":"Hao Chiang","doi":"10.5297/ser.1802.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1802.004","url":null,"abstract":"IThe purpose of this study was to examine the effects of different gait cadences on lower extremity joint loading during stair descent in obese children. Twelve obese children (age = 12.0 ± 0.2 years, BMI = 30.07 ± 2.10 kg/m^2) and 12 non-obese children (age = 12.0 ± 0.2 years, BMI = 17.38 ± 1.32 kg/m^2) were recruited as the participants in this study. All participants were performed a stair descent task under four different conditions of gait cadences (self-paced, 60, 90 and 120 steps/min). A mega high-speed camera synchronized with an ATMI force plate was used to collect data during the landing phase of stair descent. The Kwon 3D and DASYLab 6.0 software were applied to analyze the kinematic data, ground reaction force and center of pressure. The joint moment, joint work and joint power of lower limb were calculated by the inverse dynamics method. Results indicated an interaction between group and gait cadences in negative work of the ankle joint. The obese group demonstrated a greater negative work of the ankle joint at 60 and 90 steps/min conditions than 120 steps/min and self-paced conditions. While walking at the speed of 60 and 90 steps/min, the obese group showed a larger negative work of the ankle joint compared to the non-obese group. Furthermore, the obese group demonstrated a smaller positive work of the hip joint than the non-obese group. These findings indicate that children’s body mass influences their gait cadences during stair descent. Obese children increase the risk for lower-extremity joint injury during the stair descent at lower cadences due to a weaker capacity of gait compensation that is resulting from more negative work at the ankle joint and less positive work at the hip joint.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115614267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Glutamine Peptide Supplementation on Lipolysis and Plasma IL-6 Concentration after Endurance Exercise","authors":"C. Fu, Pu-Hsi Tsai, Wen-Chyuan Chen, S. Lee, Y. Ho","doi":"10.5297/SER.1802.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1802.005","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of glutamine peptide supplementation on plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), glucogenic amino acids and lipolytic metabolite during recovery after endurance exercise. In this crossover designed study, seven healthy male college students completed either placebo (PL) supplementation or glutamine peptide (GP) supplementation trial in a randomized order. The subjects were assigned to run on a treadmill at an estimated speed corresponding to their 75% V_4 O_2max values for 60 min, where after the GP trial received 0.1 g/kg ． bw glutamine-peptide solution and the PL trial received hydroxypropyl methylcellulose solution. The biochemical parameters in the blood sample were measured pre-exercise, and after exercise at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120-min. Plasma IL-6 concentration was significantly greater in GP trial at 45 and 60 min during recovery periods. Furthermore, plasma glycerol was also significantly greater in GP trial during recovery at 60 and 90 min following exercise. Glucogenic amino acids in the GP trial were significantly increased at 30 min during recovery. Nevertheless, we found no significant differences in glucose, insulin and free fatty acid concentrations for both trials during recovery periods. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the GP supplementation can increase glucogenic amino acids, inhibit lipolysis and enhance plasma IL-6 concentrations in young adults during recovery following exercise.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128169889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated with Health-Related Physical Fitness among Junior High School Students in Taiwan","authors":"Chih-pin Shih, C. Weng, Yu-Lin Lee, Ying-Lien Ni","doi":"10.5297/ser.1801.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1801.005","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have suggested health-related physical fitness (HRPF) as an important health marker and closely associated with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. However, the relationship among HRPF and exercise habits, weight status, and fitness attitude remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the possible factors, including knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy and weight status, and how these factors could affect HRPF among junior high school students in Taiwan. A total of 1,628 valid participants from 7th, 8th and 9th grades were selected based on the stratified cluster random sampling throughout Taiwan. The fitness and Affecting Factors in Physical Fitness Survey data were collected in 2011. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression with backward elimination were adopted to examine the significance of data. The result showed that roughly one third (35.6%) of Taiwanese junior high school students reached 4 standards of HRPF, all items are above 25th percentile. The logistic regression model revealed that the strongest relationship with HRPF was weight status, and exercise habits were significantly influenced HRPF tests among male and female students. Furthermore, knowledge and self-efficacy showed significant positive effects on HRPF among female students, while only attitude had positive influence on HRPF among male students. Results also demonstrated the urban-rural difference on HRPF. To be specific, female students from North Taiwan showed better HRPF than female students from East, while male students from East obtained better HRPF than male students from North. In addition, male students in North also exhibited better HRPF compared to male students in South. Therefore, these findings suggest that government should contemplate the urban-rural difference on HRPF, schools should enforce physical education curriculum and interventions should focus on strengthening of fitness knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy to develop regular exercise habit to decrease the obesity rate and to further improve HRPF among junior high school students in Taiwan.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122930122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viewpoint: Scientific Evidence Regarding Life-Prolonging Effect of Exercise Training","authors":"Hua Kuo Chia","doi":"10.5297/SER.1801.EDITORIAL","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1801.EDITORIAL","url":null,"abstract":"目前已累積非常多的研究證據證實運動有利於改善代謝疾病，由於證據結果的一致性很高，目前已沒有什麼爭論，代謝疾病通常是人類與動物死亡的重要前兆，運動可延長壽命，為下一個重要研究假設。有關壽命的研究，在二十年前規律運動是否可延長壽命的證據仍然相當缺乏，無法作出結論。當時動物研究均以較短命的齧齒類動物為主，採用自主運動 (voluntary exercise) 的方式，發現在動物開始老化到大量死亡的初始期，確實自發性運動量高的動物平均壽命較長。平均壽命指接受該實驗組的動物群存活剩下 50% 的對應時間長度（介入日開始計算）。然而，自主運動有先天的研究限制，即在生命後期由於好動的動物與少動的動物活動量趨於一致，無法判別最高壽命是否可被運動延長，最高壽命係指該介入組最後 10% 存活者壽命的平均。動物研究的限制，使得我們一直無法很有把握的回答運動是否可延長壽命這個問題。直到最近有幾個大樣本人體研究與統合分析(meta-analysis) 顯示：一、增加身體活動量確實與未來死亡率的降低有關 (Samitz, Egger, Z Tsygankov, Liu, Sanoff,Sharpless, & Elston, 2009)。最近的這些新的證據也給我們帶來新的研究主題，例如：人體如何辨認運動後不健康的細胞給予破壞？破壞後的訊息如何啟動細胞再生機制？恢復時間應該多長？我們希望透過這些新發現，提供給《大專體育學刊》的讀者最新的研究方向，期望產生出對於社會大眾有益的新知識。","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121404041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire for the Elderly","authors":"Po-Wen Ku","doi":"10.5297/SER.1801.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1801.004","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop a reliable and valid questionnaire for measuring the time spent in different types of sedentary behaviors among elderly in their later life. Eighty community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or above were completed the questionnaire twice over a one-week period, and wore a tri-axial accelerometer during this period. The test-retest reliability over a one-week period was evaluated by paired-sample t-tests and Spearmen’s correlation. Concurrent validity was first examined using Spearman’s correlation by self-reported total sedentary time and accelerometer-assessed sedentary time. Then, the Bland-Altman Plot was utilized to compare the agreement between the self-reported measure and the objective measure. Based on nine types of sedentary behaviors, the mean self-reported total sedentary time was 7.29 ± 3.60 hours/day without napping time (0.64 hours/day). Regarding test-retest reliability, except reading, there were no significant differences in the self-reported total sedentary time and each type of sedentary time between pre- and post-test. Spearmen’s correlation analyses showed that test-retest reliability was satisfactory for taking a nap, computer/internet use, working or volunteering and reading; marginally acceptable for watching TV, eating and hobbies; and poor for chatting, driving/sitting in a car, and others. Total sedentary time (including napping time) on an average day (sum of ten activities) had adequate test-retest reliability. Self-reported total sedentary time was significantly correlated with accelerometer-derived sedentary time, revealing that the concurrent validity was adequate. The Bland-Altman Plot indicated self-reported total sedentary time on average underestimated accelerometer-derived sedentary time by -0.59 hours/day. However, the mean self-reported total sedentary time was not significantly different from mean objective sedentary time. Overall, this study demonstrated the preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of questionnaire for assessing the sedentary behaviors among Taiwanese older adults.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122208329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Self-Controlled Learning through Recency Information in Summary Knowledge of Results","authors":"Shih-Wei Wu","doi":"10.5297/ser.1801.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1801.002","url":null,"abstract":"It is necessary to clarify whether motor learners choose feedback information contents related to time course of motor memory after practicing in a series of movements through self-controlled learning. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of memory issues related to primacy and recency effects on motor performance and learning ability under the self-controlled learning. Sixty female adults served as participants, and were requested to practice a sequential timing task with three movement segments of ＂N＂ shape. All participants practiced 90 trials during the acquisition phase, and 24 hours delayed retention tests were administered. Participants were categorized into either more-recency SKR (summary knowledge of results) or more-primacy SKR groups, according to the selection of relatively high recency or primacy feedback trials after the acquisition phase. The results showed that more-recency SKR group had significantly higher accuracy than that of more-primacy SKR group in both acquisition phase and retention test. Furthermore, the change score was found no significant difference. Findings from this study suggest that choosing more recency information facilitated to enhance both motor performance and learning ability of movement accuracy through self-controlled learning.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124732472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Community-Based Health Promotion Program on Functional Fitness, Depression and Quality of Life in Middle-Aged and Older Adults","authors":"Kuei-Yu Chien","doi":"10.5297/SER.1801.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1801.006","url":null,"abstract":"Performing of exercise program for several times per week is currently incompatible with the community health program mode. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 14-week community-based health promotion program on functional fitness, depression and quality of life in older adults. The health promotion program in this study involved with four themes, including dementia prevention, nutrition, oral hygiene and fall prevention Three-hundred and seven subjects above 55 years old were recruited separately into exercise intervention group (n = 159) and control group (n = 148) by randomized sampling. However, only 200 participants completely performed the functional fitness test and questionnaires before (pre) and after (post) the study intervention. The frailty level of subjects was determined by Chinese-Canadian study of health and aging clinical frailty scale before intervention. Subsequent community-based health promotion program was performed (110 min per day, once per week, for 14 weeks) by exercise intervention group. Participants in control group were maintained the habitual life style during the study. The results after 14-week health promotion program have shown that strength and cardiovascular fitness (CF) of participants were significantly improved in exercise intervention group compared to control group. The statistical main effect of these improvements in strength and cardiovascular fitness are from the non-frailty subjects. Depression score (DS) was significantly attenuated in exercise group compared to control group. Nevertheless, agility performance of older adults in this study was declined after exercise intervention. No differences were reported in body weight and flexibility between the groups. This is the first study to demonstrate that 14-week community based health promotion program enhanced the strength and CF in non-frailty elderly and improved DS in pre-frailty elderly. However, no positive effect on agility performance was noticed.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129047844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Assessment of Tourism Quality Improvement Programs for the Taroko National Park","authors":"H. Chun","doi":"10.5297/SER.1801.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1801.001","url":null,"abstract":"National parks provide important functions of conserving natural and cultural resources, environmental education, leisure and recreation. In this study, the contingent behavior approach was adopted to evaluate the economic benefits based on tourists’ recreational needs through an extensive literature review relevant to improvements in recreational and environmental quality. Four quality improvement programs, including ＂Improving Infrastructure,＂ ＂Enhancing Service Quality,＂ ＂Advancing the Profession Interpretation,＂ and ＂Strengthening Environmental Management,＂ were proposed for estimating the economic benefits. The results of this study were as follows. First, the structural changes in recreation demand were generated from the tourists’ quality improvement programs in the national park. Second, with the quality improvement programs, the price elasticity of recreational demand of visiting the national park was relatively low. Third, all four quality improvement programs could significantly increase the economic benefits of visiting the national park. Especially, the increments of ＂Enhancing Service Quality,＂ ＂Advancing the Profession of Interpretation,＂ and ＂Strengthening Environmental Management＂ were significantly higher than that of ＂Improving Infrastructure,＂ which indicating that there is an improvement space. Furthermore, the administration of the Taroko National Park and the Hualien County Government should attach great importance to promote the preceding programs to enhance the quality of tourism, and response to sustainable development of the national park.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134197974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Concept Mapping Teaching on Children's Basketball Skill Performance and Problem Solving Abilities","authors":"Ya-Ting Yu","doi":"10.5297/ser.1801.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1801.003","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of concept mapping teaching on fifth grade students’ basketball skill performance and problem solving abilities. Fifth grade elementary school students (n = 60) were selected as subjects from Wanhua District in Taipei City. Thirty subjects were participated in concept mapping learning as an experimental group, and remaining thirty subjects were participated in ordinary skill training as a control group. Both groups met twice a week, 40 minutes per session for 10 weeks. The basketball skill test and the basketball problem solving test were performed before and after the intervention. Results indicated that experimental group had significant improvement on shooting, passing and dribbling after intervention, and performed better than control group. Experimental group had significant improvement on problem preventing and assessment after intervention. Furthermore, subjects in experimental group had significant improvement on direct prediction, reverse prediction and problem preventing compared to subjects in control group. This study concludes that concept mapping teaching approach increased the mental activities of children, and enhanced their basketball skill performance and problem solving abilities.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115026725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}