Sports & Exercise Research最新文献_第7页

Effect of Acute Resistance Exercise on Arterial Stiffness Indices in Obese Young Men 急性阻力运动对肥胖青年男性动脉僵硬指数的影响

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.009

I-Ting Huang

{"title":"Effect of Acute Resistance Exercise on Arterial Stiffness Indices in Obese Young Men","authors":"I-Ting Huang","doi":"10.5297/SER.1701.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1701.009","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effect of acute resistance exercise on arterial stiffness related indices in obese young males. Twenty young college students were recruited for this study, and divided into obesity (BMI ≥ 27, n = 10) and control (BMI ＜ 24, n = 10) groups. Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), systolic arterial pressure (SBP), ankle-brachial index (ABI), plasma nitric oxide (NO) and one repetition maximal test (1 RM) were measured prior to the experiment. On the day of experiment, all subjects performed an acute bout of moderate resistance exercise (6 sessions, 60% 1 RM, 8 repetitions for 3 sets), and then arterial stiffness variables, including CAVI, SBP, ABI and NO were measured immediately (P0) and 30 minutes after (post, P30) resistance exercise. Results indicated that CAVI of both groups were significantly decreased at P0 compared to pre-exercise, but returned to base level at P30. Plasma NO level in obesity group was significantly higher than that of control group, and significantly increased at P30. In addition, there were no significant differences of ABI between preand post-exercise in both groups. The results suggest that an acute bout of resistance exercise was unable to raise the arterial stiffness levels in obese young males, but increased the NO concentrations to promote the function of vascular endothelial cell.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127311617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Eye Tracking Strategies during Setting among Volleyball Players of Different Skill Levels 不同技术水平排球运动员设置过程中的眼动追踪策略

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/ser.1701.007

C. Yen

{"title":"Eye Tracking Strategies during Setting among Volleyball Players of Different Skill Levels","authors":"C. Yen","doi":"10.5297/ser.1701.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1701.007","url":null,"abstract":"The purposes of this study was to investigate the differences of decision-making time and area of interest (AOI) setting phase during setting among college female volleyball players of different skill levels. Fifteen elite, sixteen sub-elite volleyball players, and fourteen novices were recruited for this study. Five types of setting films were recorded by using high speed camera, and each film was separated into three setting phases: before setting, during setting and after setting. In addition, the frames of the film were separated into three AOIs, including the arm, the body and the ball. During watching the videos, the subjects needed to press the ＂space＂ immediately to determine decision-making time, and the positions of pupils of the eyes were simultaneously recorded by the iView RED eye tracker. The results showed that both elite and sub-elite players spent significantly lesser decision-making time and higher accuracy than the novices. Before setting, the elite players spent significantly more time than the novices to fix at AOI. During setting the elite and sub-elite players spent significantly more time than the novices to fix at AOI, while there were no significant differences among three groups after setting. The percentage of AOI on the ball of the sub-elite players and novices were significant higher than the elite players. Furthermore we found significant differences among three groups of the percentage of AOI on the arm; the sub-elite players were predominant compared to the elite players of the percentage of the AOI on the body. These findings concluded that the elite players could make a faster decision by staring at the arm movement of the setter, which might be result from the knowledge and recognition ability related to volleyball. Thus, the skilled players can efficiently process the relevant information.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131163545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Objectives Orientation and Strategies Implementation for the Development of Competitive Sports in Taiwan 台湾竞技体育发展之目标定位与策略实施

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/ser.1701.001

Shiang-Ming Wei

{"title":"Objectives Orientation and Strategies Implementation for the Development of Competitive Sports in Taiwan","authors":"Shiang-Ming Wei","doi":"10.5297/ser.1701.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1701.001","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to identify the orientation and possible strategies for the development of competitive sports in Taiwan. This study was conducted by adopting the qualitative research method, using historical retrospection, documentary exploration, on-the-spot observation and logical analysis in process of studying. The results indicated that: (1) in order to develop competitive sports in Taiwan, it is necessary to take the advantages of natural environment, special feature of the social humanities, economic conditions, and present status of competitive sports for conducting an overall evaluation. (2) furthermore, by considering the Olympic programmed sports as a main axis, and in view of present status of competitive sports in Taiwan for layout of future development, it is imperative to ascertain the objectives and to implement the integrated strategies for the sustainable development. To achieve the above objectives and strategies, our study concluded that: (1) to reform as early as possible, the self-shrinkage mode of administrative management, to widely solicit multiple assistance from various sport organizations, and to optimize administrative capabilities so as to meet the requirement of dealing with the contingencies and the changeable international situation. (2) to form a well established stratum for athletes, coaches and referees within 10 years need to enhance performance level with the application of sports science, to setup an international standard training center to take care of athletes' education, health care and carrier development programs etc.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"13 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133879712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Barriers of Baseball Development in Taiwan 台湾棒球发展的障碍

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.005

Hsin-Chung Chen

{"title":"Barriers of Baseball Development in Taiwan","authors":"Hsin-Chung Chen","doi":"10.5297/SER.1701.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1701.005","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the barriers of baseball development in Taiwan. In this study, group interviews and in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals, and questionnaire surveys were also used. The findings were categorized into 5 dimensions, and each of them was illustrated as follows: (1) Problem of the baseball launching foundation: local governments and schools need to increase their support. The number of basic baseball players is not high enough to form a good team, which results vicious player recruitment among schools. (2) Problem of the amateur baseball league: the fame of the amateur baseball league is weak, and this affects the support from enterprises and audiences identification. The government subsidy lacks flexibility and stability. Moreover, the career development system for amateur baseball league players is not well-organized. (3) Problem of the professional baseball development: numbers of minor league baseball players are not sufficient. The salary system for coaches of minor league baseball is not reasonable, and numbers of coaches are insufficient. The current favorable tax policies are also not attractive for enterprises and sponsors. On the other hand, because of previous gambling scandals, it is essential to improve the image of professional league. (4) Problem of the national team selection system: the responsibilities of the organizers and the co-organizers are unclear. There are no certain standards for each level of the national team selection. (5) Problem of assistance and effective management mechanisms: there is lack of assistance and effective management mechanisms in Taiwan baseball development. The conclusions of this study revealed the current situation and problems in the development of Taiwan baseball, and formulated a ＂RSCIC＂ mechanism, which includes ＂Resource,＂＂Support,＂＂Corporation,＂＂Integration,＂ and ＂Control＂ viewpoints to improve this situation. The future baseball development stage should move towards these five levels of cooperation, and create another high peak in the development of Taiwanese baseball.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132672848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship among Muscle Dysmorphia, Social Physique Anxiety and Body Checking Behavior 肌肉畸形、社交体质焦虑与身体检查行为的关系

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.006

Chiu-Chen Chang

{"title":"Relationship among Muscle Dysmorphia, Social Physique Anxiety and Body Checking Behavior","authors":"Chiu-Chen Chang","doi":"10.5297/SER.1701.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1701.006","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of muscle dysmorphia in male bodybuilders, and to explore the relationships among muscle dysmorphia, social physique anxiety, and body checking behavior. Five hundred and twenty adult males (aged: 27.9 ± 7.5 years old), who were not engaged in competitive sports were participated for this study. After agreeing to participate, all participants were asked to complete a package of inventories, including measures of the muscle dysmorphia questionnaire, social physique anxiety inventory, and body checking behaviors questionnaire. Results showed that the overall occurrence of muscle dysmorphia was 12.5%. Participants, who scored high in muscles dysmorphia were high in global muscle checking, chest and shoulder muscle checking, comparative checking, and body testing of body checking behavior than those, who scored low in muscles dysmorphia. Our results further indicated that muscle dysmorphia, social physique anxiety, global muscle checking, chest and shoulder muscle checking, other-comparative checking, and body measuring behavior were positively correlated. Using social physical anxiety as a mediating variable, hierarchical regression analysis showed that impact of muscle dysmorphia on body checking behaviors remains positive, but less variance accounted. Mediating results suggested that social physical anxiety partially attributed the relationship between muscle dysmorphia and body checking behaviors. On the other hand, social physical anxiety plays an important mechanism for muscle dysmorphia to body checking behaviors. Therefore, we concluded that the occurrence of muscle dysmorphia is related to social physique anxiety, and the muscle dysmorphia predicted the checking behavior of muscularity.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133999830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invited Paper: Specificity and Practicability of Sports Coaching Articles Published in Sports Coaching Science 特邀论文:《运动教练的特殊性与实用性》，发表于《运动教练科学》

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/ser.1701.editorial

J. Chiang

{"title":"Invited Paper: Specificity and Practicability of Sports Coaching Articles Published in Sports Coaching Science","authors":"J. Chiang","doi":"10.5297/ser.1701.editorial","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1701.editorial","url":null,"abstract":"Sports coaching science has the character of multidisciplinary and with a true value of practicability. This article aimed to review and analyze the specificity and practicability for articles being published in Sports Coaching Science by Sports & Exercise Research 2006-2014. The results indicated that a total of 449 articles were published and there appeared lack of proportion and imbalance among ten academic fields. 38 out of 449 articles were adopted and published in Sports Coaching Science and were distributed in 9 categories, the number and percentage in each category were as follows: 9 (23.68%) in analysis of competition skill performance; 9 (23.68%) in effect of training methods; 4 (10.53%) in competition strategy; 4 (10.53%) in technology innovation; 3 (7.89%) in sport/event specific characteristics; 3 (7.89%) in other topics; 2 (5.26%) in elite athletes case study; 2 (5.26%) in training monitoring and, 2 (5.26%) in comparative analysis on competitions, respectively. When further exam the specificity and practicability of the articles revealed that there is a need to be improved including: subjects used in the studies were mostly collegiate students and the result can hardly being applied to the top athletes; the experimental period of the studies ranged from 6-8 weeks which were relatively short to be considered as a sound scientific research; the literature reviewed need to include the most recent studies and the topics need to be up to date with international trends; most studies were conducted in a single rather than multidisciplinary approaches; the research topics need to match up with national sports policies; studies on training methods and techniques need to be more innovative and focus on key methods and/or techniques to win. It was concluded that the quality and quantity of the articles that may be improved by increasing the number in each issue and thus ensured a balanced proportion among academic fields.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123629280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Validation of Teaching Quality Scale for University Physical Education 高校体育教学质量量表的编制与验证

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.002

Yawen Liu

引用次数: 1

Construction of Professional Competency Indicators for Rhythmic Gymnastics Coaches 艺术体操教练员职业能力指标的构建

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.003

Pei-Yi Wu

{"title":"Construction of Professional Competency Indicators for Rhythmic Gymnastics Coaches","authors":"Pei-Yi Wu","doi":"10.5297/SER.1701.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1701.003","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to establish the professional competency indicators for rhythmic gymnastics coaches. A literature review was performed to explore the current developments of rhythmic gymnastics and the professional competency of athletic coaches. The Delphi technique was used to identify the professional competency indicators for rhythmic gymnastics coaches from 10 experts. The weighted scores of all indicators were determined by analytic hierarchy process. The results are as follows: (1) The professional competency indicator system for rhythmic gymnastics coaches consists of seven indicators for the dimension of professional knowledge, eight indicators for the dimension of professional skill and four indicators for the dimension of professional attitude. (2) The most important dimension in the professional competency indicator system for rhythmic gymnastics coaches is professional skill, followed by professional attitude and professional knowledge. (3) The key indicators of the dimensions of professional knowledge, professional skill and professional attitude are apparatus manipulation knowledge, choreographic ability and professional dedication respectively. It is hoped that the professional competency indicators for rhythmic gymnastics coaches proposed by this research could be a reference for the government and related agencies in cultivating the rhythmic gymnastics coaches.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132664725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obesity and Physical Activity Characteristics of Schoolchildren with Intellectual and Learning Disability 智力和学习障碍学童肥胖与身体活动特征

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2015-03-31 DOI: 10.5297/SER.1701.008

Shih-chang Cheng

{"title":"Obesity and Physical Activity Characteristics of Schoolchildren with Intellectual and Learning Disability","authors":"Shih-chang Cheng","doi":"10.5297/SER.1701.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/SER.1701.008","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies indicated that schoolchildren with intellectual and learning disability have higher prevalence of obesity than those without disability. However, the role of physical activity on obesity in schoolchildren with intellectual and learning disability is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of obesity in children with or without intellectual and learning disability, and to distinguish the relationship with their physical activity levels. The data for the study were extracted from the Taipei School Children Physical and Mental Health Survey, a population based, cross-sectional epidemiological study of elementary schoolchildren of Taipei city. Based on the data, schoolchildren were divided into non-disability (ND) and intellectual/learning disability (ILD) groups. We found that gender- and age-adjusted body mass index (BMI) were higher in ILD than ND as analyzed by ANCOVA. Height and sedentary behavior times (watching TV and using computer) and physical activity levels were lower in ILD compared to ND group. Data adjusting for covariates in multinomial logistic regression showed that intellectual/learning disabilities were associated with obesity, exercise time below suggestion, and proportion of tendency was not to find the partner for exercise. The present study findings concluded that the high prevalence of obesity appears to be associated with physical activity level in schoolchildren with intellectual/learning disabilities. Moreover, we also found that ＂people support＂ plays an important role in exercise participation of elementary schoolchildren with intellectual/learning disability.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128135530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Different Resistance Exercise and Occlusion Pressures on Metabolic Stress and Anabolic Hormonal Responses after Exercise 不同阻力运动和闭塞压力对运动后代谢应激和合成代谢激素反应的影响

Sports & Exercise Research Pub Date : 2014-12-31 DOI: 10.5297/ser.1604.006

C. Chou

{"title":"Effects of Different Resistance Exercise and Occlusion Pressures on Metabolic Stress and Anabolic Hormonal Responses after Exercise","authors":"C. Chou","doi":"10.5297/ser.1604.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1604.006","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different resistance loads (70% and 40% 1 RM [repetition maximum]) combined with different occlusion pressures (130% and 70% SBP [systolic blood pressure]) on metabolic stress and anabolic hormonal response after exercise. Fifteen healthy males voluntarily participated in this study. A counter-balance order experimental design was used in this investigation. On the experiment day, each subject performed a single bout of bilateral leg extension (5 sets, 12 repetitions with 1 min rest for each set) under the following five experimental conditions: (1) high intensity resistance exercise (HR, 70% 1 RM), (2) low intensity resistance exercise (LR, 40% 1 RM), (3) HR with low occlusion pressure (HRLO, 70% 1 RM + 70% SBP), (4) LR with high occlusion pressure (LRHO, 40% 1 RM+130% SBP), and (5) LR with low occlusion pressure (LRLO, 40% 1 RM+70% SBP). Blood biomarkers (i.e. hormones and lactate) were measured at prior to exercise (pre), and 0, 15, 30, 60 min after (post) exercise. The maximal isometric strength and electromyography of vastus lateralis were compared at pre and post-60. Results indicated that the GH of HRLO was higher at post-0, post-15 and post-30 than that at pre-exercise. The testosterone of HRLO was higher at post compared to LRHO, LRLO and LR. Furthermore, HRLO induced greater metabolic and physiological stress responses (LA and RPE) and a greater decline of muscular strength with more muscle fiber recruitment. We concluded that high intensity resistance exercise combined with low occlusion pressure would elevate metabolic stress and reduce maximal strength performance, thereby stimulating higher GH and testosterone responses. Our results thus suggest that this exercise model would have the positive benefits on muscle anabolic effect.","PeriodicalId":338279,"journal":{"name":"Sports & Exercise Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123661037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0