International Journal of Hydrogen Energy最新文献

{"title":"Facile fabrication of Fe-BTC/PANI/g-C3N4 nanocomposite for improving electrochemical properties of supercapacitors","authors":"Mohammad Ghaharpour ,&nbsp;Farhang Abbasi ,&nbsp;Mohsen Ghorbani ,&nbsp;Mehdi Salami Kalajahi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Escalating global energy demands and environmental challenges have intensified research efforts toward the development of advanced energy storage technologies. Supercapacitors (SCs) have gained prominence as potential energy storage systems because of their superior power density, rapid charge–discharge performance, and remarkable cycling durability. In this study, a novel hybrid nanocomposite electrode composed of Fe-BTC, polyaniline (PANI), and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) (referred to as FPG) was synthesized for supercapacitor applications. The structural configuration and morphological traits of the FPG nanocomposite were thoroughly investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and Brunauer−Emmett−Teller method. Electrochemical performance was evaluated through cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The FPG electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 790 F/g at 1 A/g, significantly outperforming the individual components. Furthermore, the composite exhibited excellent cycling stability, retaining 92% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles. These enhancements are attributed to the synergistic effects between Fe-BTC, PANI, and g-C₃N₄, which improve conductivity, active surface area, and ion transport. These observations highlight the potential of the FPG nanocomposite to function as an efficient electrode material in high-performance supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154019"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the interaction of hydrogen with defects in Fe12Cr alloy","authors":"Chuang Wang ,&nbsp;Liming Fu ,&nbsp;Mei Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhian Song ,&nbsp;Rui Ma ,&nbsp;Mingpan Wan ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Kuang ,&nbsp;Fuyan Liu ,&nbsp;Qigui Yang ,&nbsp;Te Zhu ,&nbsp;Xingzhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen embrittlement poses a critical challenge for ferritic alloys in nuclear environments. This study deciphers the underlying mechanisms by investigating hydrogen-defect interactions in Fe12Cr alloy under varied hydrogen concentrations and pre-deformation states. A synergistic methodology combining positron annihilation spectroscopy, thermal desorption spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations was employed. It is revealed that hydrogen preferentially occupies tetrahedral interstitial sites, as confirmed by lower binding and dissolution energies. With increasing hydrogen concentration, the defects evolution transitions from an interstitial solid solution to the nucleation of hydrogen-vacancy complexes (H_mV_n), driving a distinct mechanical response: an initial slight hardening (188.4 to 190.8 HV) followed by pronounced softening (down to 174.8 HV). Furthermore, pre-deformation introduces high-density dislocations and sub-grain boundaries, which act as potent trapping sites. This dramatically enhances deuterium retention, increasing from 2.79 × 10¹⁵ to 6.77 × 10¹⁵ D/cm². Crucially, these deformation-induced defects not only trap hydrogen but also mitigate its detrimental softening effect by localizing hydrogen and restricting its long-range diffusion. These findings provide critical mechanistic insights for designing hydrogen-resistant alloys for nuclear applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153969"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste-to-Hydrogen pathways: Gas composition and char structure evolution during pyrolysis of food and digestate waste","authors":"Davide Papurello ,&nbsp;Kutlu Somek ,&nbsp;Yeshui Zhang ,&nbsp;Davide Dionisi ,&nbsp;Tian Heng Qin ,&nbsp;Tian Wang ,&nbsp;Andrea Lanzini","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the influence of pyrolysis temperature on the yield distribution and gas composition of biochars derived from food waste (FW) and digestate waste (DW). Pyrolysis experiments were performed at 400–700 °C, and the resulting solid, liquid, and gas fractions were characterised. Gas compositions were quantified using Gas Chromatography (GC), while structural and physicochemical properties of the biochars were evaluated using SEM-EDS, BET, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and TPO-DTG analysis. The proportion of syngas components, particularly hydrogen (H₂), showed a pronounced dependence on temperature and feedstock type. No detectable H₂ was found at 400 °C for either feedstock, whereas a substantial increase occurred with temperature elevation. For FW-derived gas, H₂ increased from 7.41 vol% at 500 °C to 26.57 vol% at 700 °C. Similarly, DW-based gas exhibited an increase from 6.68 vol% to 18.28 vol% across the same temperature range. This rise was accompanied by a reduction in CO₂ and an increase in CH₄ and light hydrocarbons. Raman spectroscopy revealed a temperature-dependent structural transition, indicated by increasing ID/IG ratios from 0.57 to 0.76 in FW biochar and 0.59 to 0.67 in DW biochar, confirming enhanced disorder and defect formation, particularly in FW. Overall, the thermochemical evolution of both feedstocks demonstrates that increasing pyrolysis temperature significantly enhances hydrogen generation capacity, most notably in food waste, where H₂ production increased from undetectable levels at 400 °C to 26.57 vol% at 700 °C, underscoring the strong potential of temperature-driven pathways for producing hydrogen-rich syngas from waste materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153906"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bimetallic Ni–Mo-MOFs as multifunctional electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors and oxygen evolution reaction","authors":"Xiaolong Leng ,&nbsp;S.V. Prabhakar Vattikuti ,&nbsp;Jie Zeng ,&nbsp;Yumei Li ,&nbsp;Mohan Rao Tamtam ,&nbsp;Nam Nguyen Dang ,&nbsp;Jaesool Shim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pursuit of sustainable energy solutions drives the need for multifunctional electrodes with both high energy storage and catalytic efficiency. Hierarchical bimetallic MOFs have arisen as capable candidates to meet these demands. In this work, a series of graded bimetallic MOFs, designated as Ni–Mo-MOF (M_xNi₁ refers to Mo_xNi₁ MOF hybrids with x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1), were successfully synthesized through a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. These materials were systematically evaluated for their suitability as electrode candidates in both supercapacitor and electrocatalytic applications. The observed shift in Fermi level and orbital overlap in DFT analysis support improved charge transfer characteristics. These interactions are believed to enhance charge transport, optimize redox-active sites, and improve ion diffusion pathways, collectively contributing to moderate electrochemical characteristics. Among the synthesized variants, the M₁N₁ sample exhibited the most promising properties, achieving a specific surface area of 159.5 m²/g and demonstrating stable long-term cycling with ∼79% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles. Electrochemical measurements in 1 M KOH electrolyte revealed prominent pseudocapacitive behavior, with a specific capacitance of 1363 F/g at 0.5 A/g due to the compositional synergy, hierarchical structure, and improved conductivity of the bimetallic system. When configured into an asymmetric device (M₁N₁//AC), the hybrid supercapacitor delivered a capacitance of 82.89 F/g and a maximum energy density of 41.5 Wh/kg at a power density of 475 W/kg. Furthermore, the M₁N₁ electrode exhibited capable electrocatalytic performance toward the OER, requiring an overpotential of only 290 mV at 10 mA/cm² and a Tafel slope of 79 mV/dec, while maintaining 97% stability over 11.1 h of continuous operation. These results highlight the multifunctionality of the M₁N₁ material, positioning it as a strong candidate for integration into futuristic energy storage and conversion technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153954"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative analysis of longitudinal hydrogen diffusion dynamics in confined spaces on a long-time scale","authors":"Jie Liu ,&nbsp;Jianwei Li ,&nbsp;Qingqing Yang ,&nbsp;Guangcai Zou ,&nbsp;Wei Zong ,&nbsp;Yushi Chen ,&nbsp;Kan Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread adoption of hydrogen energy has made its safety concerns more prominent, especially hydrogen leakage in confined spaces with greater hazards. Clarifying hydrogen leakage and diffusion laws is key to its safe application. Existing research mostly focuses on hydrogen's rapid upper-zone accumulation driven by buoyancy, lacking in-depth study on long-term bottom-zone diffusion kinetics dominated by molecular thermal motion. This study used theoretical modeling and numerical simulation to analyze hydrogen's free diffusion toward the bottom of a confined space over tens of hours post-leakage. Applying the Boltzmann distribution law, it derived hydrogen concentration variation with height at equilibrium (showing uniform spatial distribution) and proposed a method to quantify the time for such uniformity in typical confined spaces. Numerical results showed continuous leakage-induced plume disturbance accelerates hydrogen's downward diffusion, while “bottom-inlet and top-outlet” displacement ventilation inhibits hydrogen diffusion to the bottom. These findings address the limitation of existing literature focusing only on upper-zone concentrations and guide full-domain hydrogen safety protection covering both upper and bottom zones of confined spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153721"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying resistances in composite palladium membranes for hydrogen production and purification","authors":"Nolan Kelley,&nbsp;Rok Sitar ,&nbsp;J. Douglas Way,&nbsp;Colin A. Wolden","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous supports enable significant reductions in palladium (Pd) thickness and cost but can impart significant resistance that limits overall membrane performance. In this study, composite membranes with varying Pd thickness were fabricated on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and alumina (Al₂O₃) supports. A combination of modeling and experiment were used to identify and quantify the factors that contribute to overall performance: bulk resistance, interfacial resistance and Pd quality. The bulk resistance of both supports obeyed Darcy's law under relevant conditions. Despite possessing greater bulk resistance, alumina supports produced superior membranes with up to 2X greater hydrogen permeance than YSZ due to reduced interfacial resistance and no deterioration of Pd quality. The framework introduced here provides an efficient means to assess the rate-limiting factor(s) in composite Pd membrane performance and identify pathways for further improvement. This work demonstrates that material compatibility is as important as structural properties when selecting membrane supports.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154037"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled effects of initial temperature and equivalence ratio on flame propagation and explosion characteristics of hydrogen–air mixtures in a closed duct","authors":"Tianhao Cao,&nbsp;Xiangyu Shao,&nbsp;Panpan Li,&nbsp;Ligang Zheng,&nbsp;Chang Lu,&nbsp;Jianliang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid hydrogen and cryogenic compressed hydrogen are important energy carriers for the future hydrogen economy, but accidental leaks in confined spaces may cause severe explosion hazards. To address the limited understanding of hydrogen explosions under low-temperature conditions, flame instability theory is employed to analyze low-temperature flame propagation mechanisms. Numerical simulations of hydrogen–air explosions in a closed duct at temperatures from 100 to 300 K are conducted using the Scale-Adaptive Simulation model, the Thickened Flame model, and a multi-step chemical reaction mechanism. The effects of equivalence ratio at 100 K are also examined. The results show that low temperature significantly enhances flame acceleration and explosion overpressure through the coupling of flame instability, wall confinement, and pressure waves. Reducing the temperature from 300 K to 100 K increases the peak overpressure and pressure rise rate by 2.92 and 5.56 times, respectively. These findings support hydrogen explosion risk assessment under cryogenic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154034"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detailed thermodynamic assessment of sugarcane bagasse valorization into Ru–Ni nanocatalysts for enhanced hydrogen evolution in anion exchange electrolyzers","authors":"Murugesan Palaniappan ,&nbsp;Mohammed Almeshaal ,&nbsp;A. Muthu Manokar ,&nbsp;S. Shanmugan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a thorough thermodynamic, structural, and functional assessment of hydrogen (H₂) production utilizing Ruthenium (Ru)–Nickel (Ni) nanocatalysts synthesized from the valorization of sugarcane bagasse. A multifunctional Ru–Ni/activated-carbon (RNAC) catalytic system is created by turning agricultural waste into activated carbon (AC) and adding ruthenium–nickel nanoparticles to this engineered carbon matrix. This system greatly speeds up the hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER/HOR) in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers (AEMELs). The upcycled RNAC catalyst directly improves the efficiency of H₂ production by speeding up the breakdown of water, optimizing the dynamics of hydrogen adsorption and desorption, and speeding up the flow of electrons and protons. A thorough thermodynamic study that looks at adsorption isotherms, changes in free energy, and activation barriers shows that electrons moving from Ni and AC to Ru cause the Ru d-band center to move down. This electronic restructuring makes H∗ and CO∗ less likely to stick together, which speeds up the turnover of hydrogen intermediates. Because of this, RNAC has an extremely high intrinsic catalytic activity, with a mass activity of 537 A gRu⁻¹, which is twice as good as that of regular Pt/AC catalysts. Quasi-in situ XPS backs up the improved H₂ production function by showing that potential-driven electron-density amplification happens at Ru sites, which speeds up HER/HOR kinetics, especially above 0.350 V vs. RHE. Comprehensive material characterization (XRD, N₂ adsorption–desorption, XPS, TEM, HRTEM, and EDS mapping) confirms the formation of a Ru–Ni alloy with contracted lattice spacing, hierarchical porosity (4–20 nm), and uniformly dispersed nanocrystals (∼4.48 nm). These features make it much easier for reactants to diffuse, reach active sites, and move hydrogen across the catalyst–electrolyte interface. Durability tests show that RNAC will work well for a long time, and CO-tolerance studies show that it still works 43% of the time in 5% CO atmospheres, which is important for real-world H₂ generation where fuel impurities are common. Using glycerol templating to optimize hydrothermal-assisted synthesis, we get the RNAC@150 rpm–3 h catalyst, which has an overall energy-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 1.71%. This study shows a long-lasting, high-performance way to make H₂ in a decentralized way. It turns cheap biomass into an advanced thermodynamically engineered electrocatalyst for next-generation green hydrogen technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153702"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction mechanism of CoS2@MoS2 heterojunction catalyst: Mechanism, DFT calculation","authors":"Peipei Li ,&nbsp;Yuding Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Xingxing Chen ,&nbsp;Jianglong Yu ,&nbsp;Jinxiao Dou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.154051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen energy is a vital zero-carbon carrier, yet electrochemical water splitting remains limited by the high cost and poor durability of platinum catalysts. This work develops a multiphase heterostructured catalyst, CoS₂@MoS₂/Co@NCNT/CC, to address these challenges. This catalyst is prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method to grow nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes on carbon cloth, with formation of CoS₂@MoS₂ heterojunction. The related characterization results indicate a well-formed heterointerface that enhances active sites and charge transfer. The catalyst demonstrates excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes, requiring overpotentials of only 92 mV and 140 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², with Tafel slopes of 117 and 97 mV dec⁻¹. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the heterojunction optimizes hydrogen adsorption energy via Mo–S–Co bridges and creates an efficient electron pathway from MoS₂ to CoS₂, providing a strategic design for non-precious metal HER catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 154051"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146186966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular-level insights on the microscopic mechanism of hydrogen adsorption by PdO on the different substrates","authors":"Shuting Yao,&nbsp;Fan Wang,&nbsp;Xinrui Cheng,&nbsp;Dong Zhang,&nbsp;Youxi Gao,&nbsp;Shuping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2026.153990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen (H₂) is the main gas component that causes the failure of the vacuum in the insulation layer of cryogenic container. Palladium oxide (PdO), as a specialized hydrogen adsorbent for insulation layer in cryogenic vessel, is prone to agglomeration. To improve the agglomeration effect of PdO, molecular simulation is employed to investigate the hydrogen adsorption performance of graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (NrGO) as substrates for PdO. The microscopic influence mechanisms of temperature, pressure and reduction degree of graphene substrate on the dispersibility, stability and hydrogen adsorption performance of PdO are explored. The results indicate that the adsorption energies for the stable configurations of GO-PdO, rGO-PdO and NrGO-PdO composite materials are −2.858 eV, −2.699 eV and −2.695 eV, respectively. Combining the adsorption sites and adsorption capacities, the hydrogen adsorption properties of three composite materials are as follows: GO-PdO &gt; rGO-PdO &gt; NrGO-PdO. GO-PdO exhibits the most negative electric potential, with the narrowest band gap and the highest density of states at the Fermi level. Therefore, abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on the GO substrate effectively mitigate the agglomeration of PdO nanoparticle, thereby the GO substrate promotes the adsorption of H₂ on PdO. It is determined that GO serves as the optimal substrate for adsorption, and lower temperature and higher pressure are more conducive to this adsorption process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 153990"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146187695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}