Zhong Li , Jiajie He , Shanshan Zhang , Zhangzhang Xie , Ziyuan Guo , Weijia Geng , Yongqiang Fan , Fanghua Liu , Dake Xu
{"title":"Metabolic engineering of Clostridium pasteurianum for enhanced biohydrogen production","authors":"Zhong Li , Jiajie He , Shanshan Zhang , Zhangzhang Xie , Ziyuan Guo , Weijia Geng , Yongqiang Fan , Fanghua Liu , Dake Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150161","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biohydrogen offers a promising, eco-friendly, and efficient approach to hydrogen production. Metabolic engineering of <em>Clostridium pasteurianum</em> DSM525, a promising biohydrogen-producing strain, is essential to enhance hydrogen yield for practical applications. To overcome the low transformation efficiency, we optimized DNA dosage, methylation, and ultrasound-assisted electroporation, achieving 7.5 × 10<sup>2</sup> CFU/μg DNA—sufficient for genetic engineering. Tunable regulation of hydrogenase was achieved for the first time using a newly constructed expression plasmid, and overexpression of endogenous hydrogenase genes (<em>C00280</em>, C37830, <em>C07060-70</em>, <em>RS16520</em>) significantly enhanced hydrogen production. The optimal additive mix, 25 ppm Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, 70 ppm riboflavin, 25 ppm humic acid, 40 ppm Ni<sup>2+</sup>, and 50 ppm Fe<sup>2+</sup>, enhanced hydrogen metabolism. Under these conditions, <em>C. pasteurianum</em> overexpressing hydrogenases C00280 and RS16520 showed the highest hydrogen accumulation amount, with 6.18- and 6.87-fold increases over the wild type. The dual strategy integrating genetic engineering and hydrogen-promoting additives provides a foundation for efficient biohydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 150161"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soner Çelikdemir , Meltem Yavuz Çelikdemir , Mahmut Temel Özdemir
{"title":"A multi-criteria analytical hierarchy process framework for the design of Türkiye's transcontinental hydrogen pipeline corridor","authors":"Soner Çelikdemir , Meltem Yavuz Çelikdemir , Mahmut Temel Özdemir","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive and analytically robust framework for the design of a multi-stage Hydrogen Pipeline Corridor to facilitate the intercontinental transfer of green hydrogen from energy-rich Asia to Europe, where energy demand is steadily increasing. Within the context of multi-criteria decision-making, the Analytical Hierarchy Process was employed to evaluate four main criteria: energy production potential, energy consumption potential, renewable energy capacity, and industrial development combined with population density. The respective weights of these criteria were calculated as 55 %, 25 %, 6 %, and 14 %. Regional priorities were established, and statistical robustness was ensured through bootstrap analysis, yielding 95 % confidence intervals for regional scores and revealing significant differences among regions. The interconnections and relative contributions of cities were visualized using a Sankey diagram, providing a holistic view of supply-demand dynamics. Scenario-based cost–benefit and cost–performance analyses indicate that, under optimistic assumptions, the benefit/cost ratios reach 0.53 for the primary corridor, 0.64 for the secondary corridor, and 0.54 for the tertiary corridor. By replacing fossil-based hydrogen flows with green hydrogen, the proposed HPC has the potential to abate approximately 5 tCO<sub>2</sub> per tonne of hydrogen transported, contributing significantly to Europe's decarbonization efforts. Furthermore, the corridor is projected to generate annual revenues up to 1.8 billion € under optimistic scenarios, enhancing supply diversification and leveraging Türkiye's unique transcontinental position as a strategic energy bridge. These findings offer actionable insights for policymakers and investors, supporting the feasibility and scalability of large-scale hydrogen infrastructure planning in Türkiye and the broader region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 150208"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Platinum-palladium catalysts of various composition in the oxygen electroreduction reaction","authors":"Vladimir Guterman , Anastasia Alekseenko , Sergey Belenov , Vladislav Menshikov , Alina Nevelskaya , Angelina Pavlets , Kirill Paperzh , Ilya Pankov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pt<sub>x</sub>Pd/C (x = 3.5, 2.1, 1.4) catalysts with varying compositions and a metal loading of approximately 40 wt% were synthesized using sequential reduction of palladium and platinum precursors in the liquid phase. Their structural, morphological characteristics, and electrochemical behavior in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) were investigated. Standardized platinum-palladium catalysts demonstrated a higher electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) and mass activity in ORR compared to a conventional Pt/C catalyst (HiSpec4000, Johnson Matthey). Among the synthesized catalysts, the Pt<sub>3</sub>·<sub>5</sub> Pd/C composition retained the highest ECSA and mass activity after stress testing in a three-electrode cell. Membrane-electrode assemblies of hydrogen-air fuel cells based on Pt<sub>2</sub>·<sub>1</sub> Pd/C and Pt<sub>3</sub>·<sub>5</sub> Pd/C demonstrated practically comparable performance to the MEA based on the conventional Pt/C catalyst. The study revealed that:i) The influence of the platinum-to-palladium ratio in the catalysts on their properties is determined by a combination of factors, including the structural and morphological characteristics of the metal-carbon nanocomposites, the architecture of bimetallic nanoparticles, and the fraction of nanoparticles with optimal microstructure in each synthesized sample; ii) Platinum-palladium electrocatalysts at the cathode of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell exhibit comparable performance to the Pt/C analogue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"150 ","pages":"Article 150166"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing dual fuel engine performance with hydrogen-enriched syngas from co-pyrolysis of biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes","authors":"Kalaiarasi Kandasamy , Ratchagaraja Dhairiyasamy , Deepika Gabiriel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the production of hydrogen-enriched syngas from waste groundnut shells and waste milk covers through a catalyst bed-based co-pyrolysis process. The objective was to develop an efficient method for producing high-quality syngas, enhancing its hydrogen content, and evaluating its performance as a fuel in a compression ignition (CI) engine. The experimental setup involved co-pyrolysis at temperatures between 550 °C and 600 °C using Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and La/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> as catalysts. Gas chromatography analysis revealed that Ni/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst produced syngas with a hydrogen concentration of 38.28 % and a total yield of 68 %, while La/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> resulted in 35.45 % hydrogen with a 65.2 % yield. The CI engine tests demonstrated improved brake thermal efficiency (BTE) in dual fuel mode, reaching 32.20 % with hydrogen-enriched syngas, compared to 30.98 % with syngas without hydrogen enrichment. Specific fuel consumption (SFC) was reduced to 0.28051 kg/kW-hr. Emission analysis showed significant reductions in hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, though nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions increased. The study concludes that hydrogen-enriched syngas, produced from waste materials, is a viable alternative fuel, offering enhanced engine performance and lower environmental impact, despite the challenge of increased NOx emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"149 ","pages":"Article 150156"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motalleb Miri , Ivan Radaš , Ivan Tolj , Frano Barbir
{"title":"Performance evaluation of solar-hydrogen microgrid energy storage system: Comparing low-pressure with simulated high-pressure hydrogen storage","authors":"Motalleb Miri , Ivan Radaš , Ivan Tolj , Frano Barbir","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper evaluates two hybrid microgrid hydrogen storage configurations, one with low-pressure storage (35 bar) and one using high-pressure storage (300 bar) with a compressor in a dynamic simulation. Both configurations are coupled with PV generation, lithium-ion batteries, electrolyzers, and a PEM fuel cell. Systems are analyzed under fully islanded (0 % grid), 10 % grid-backup, and 20 % grid-backup scenarios. Electricity-to-hydrogen conversion reaches approximately 55 %, and the PEM fuel cell reconverts hydrogen to electricity at about 46 % efficiency. Overall hydrogen round-trip efficiency ranges from 24.8 % in the islanded case to 32.4 % with 20 % grid support. Low-pressure storage is most cost-effective under moderate grid reliance, whereas high-pressure storage only offsets compressor costs when hydrogen inventories are large. These results inform optimal choices of storage pressure and grid-backup level to maximize hydrogen conversion performance and minimize lifecycle cost in renewable microgrids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 150163"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Akeel Qadir , Zeeshan Haider , Umar Farooq , Shareen Shafique , Shahid karim , Hongsheng Xu , Saad Ahmed
{"title":"Advancements in acidic OER and HER electrocatalysts: Iridium, MOF-based, and ruthenium systems for sustainable hydrogen production","authors":"Akeel Qadir , Zeeshan Haider , Umar Farooq , Shareen Shafique , Shahid karim , Hongsheng Xu , Saad Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong>Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), powered by renewable electricity, offers a promising route for clean hydrogen production.</strong> However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode significantly hinders the overall efficiency of PEMWEs due to its sluggish kinetics. This necessitates the development of robust and active OER catalysts in acidic media. Iridium (Ir)-based materials have emerged as the most promising candidates for acidic PEMWE OER. This review highlights the growing interest in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as potential OER catalysts, emphasizing their tunable porous structures. Furthermore, recent advancements in ruthenium (Ru)-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are discussed, showcasing Ru as a cost-effective and durable alternative to platinum (Pt). Strategies to enhance the performance of Ru-based HER electrocatalysts are explored, underscoring their crucial role in advancing hydrogen energy technologies and facilitating the transition to a sustainable hydrogen economy. Finally, the review addresses the long-term durability challenges faced by various electrocatalysts in acidic conditions, providing insights into the status, challenges, and prospects for the development of stable and efficient electrocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 150188"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiusheng Zhou , Xianying He , Min Min , Linfang Lu , Shiqiang Cui , Minmin Song , Weihao Pan , Chuanyin Xiong , Dongliang Liu
{"title":"FeCo nanoalloy embedded in N-doped carbon aerogel as high-efficiency oxygen electrocatalyst for long-term zinc-air batteries","authors":"Qiusheng Zhou , Xianying He , Min Min , Linfang Lu , Shiqiang Cui , Minmin Song , Weihao Pan , Chuanyin Xiong , Dongliang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts with low cost and high catalytic activity are critically important for improving the energy conversion efficiency of metal-air batteries. In this work, a novel electrocatalyst, denoted as NC-Fe<sub>x</sub>Co<sub>y</sub>, was synthesized via the growth of Fe-ZIF-67 on the surface of a chitosan-derived aerogel, followed by subsequent annealing treatment. The adjustable pore structure of the chitosan-derived carbon aerogel facilitates enhanced availability of active sites. Moreover, the synergistic interplay between the FeCo nanoalloy and the nitrogen-doped carbon framework further augments its catalytic performance. As expected, the optimized catalyst NC-Fe<sub>1</sub>Co<sub>3</sub> exhibits exceptional bifunctional electrocatalytic activity, achieving a half-wave potential of 0.88 V for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and an overpotential of only 378 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Furthermore, the assembled liquid ZABs employing the NC-Fe<sub>1</sub>Co<sub>3</sub> as air cathode demonstrated outstanding performance, delivering a remarkable power density of 240 mW cm<sup>−2</sup> and long-time charge-discharge stability over 2000 h. Additionally, the flexible ZABs fabricated with this catalyst achieved an even higher power density of 116 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>, coupled with a robust cycle stability lasting over 200 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 150158"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammed Asım Kesercioğlu , Fatma Gül Boyacı San , Nedim Sözbi̇r , Yusuf Çay
{"title":"Performance optimization of PEM electrolyzers: An experimental and Taguchi-based approach","authors":"Muhammed Asım Kesercioğlu , Fatma Gül Boyacı San , Nedim Sözbi̇r , Yusuf Çay","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the performance of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer with an active area of 9 cm<sup>2</sup> was investigated under various operating conditions. At the anode, a three-layer titanium cross-mesh along with a fiber felt structure is employed. A total of twenty-seven experiments are conducted according to Taguchi's design of experiments to investigate extremes of operating temperature (40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C), clamping torque (5 Nm, 7 Nm, 10 Nm), and water flow rates (10, 20, 30 mL/min) on hydrogen production and current density. From these experiments, it was noticed that temperature has the most notable influence by enhancing reaction kinetics and membrane conductivity. Clamping torque improves the electrode-membrane contacts and reduces internal resistance. Water flow rates have an effect on membrane hydration and gas removal, although somewhat less so. The three-layer mesh structure enables effective water distribution and gas evacuation, leading to lower overvoltage and steady operation. The best results came at 80 °C, torque of 10 Nm, and flow rate of 10 mL/min. Thus, the findings emphasize the dominant role of temperature and show that clamping torque should not only be regarded as a mechanical factor but also as an electrochemically active design factor in PEM electrolyzer design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"152 ","pages":"Article 150214"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hossein Asgharian , Albert Pujol Duran , Ali Yahyaee , Valeria Pignataro , Mads Pagh Nielsen , Florin Iov , Vincenzo Liso
{"title":"Sustainable urea production via CO2 capture from cement plants: A techno-economic analysis with focus on process heat integration and electrification","authors":"Hossein Asgharian , Albert Pujol Duran , Ali Yahyaee , Valeria Pignataro , Mads Pagh Nielsen , Florin Iov , Vincenzo Liso","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urea, a key derivative of ammonia, is widely used in agriculture and has a significant impact on food security<strong>.</strong> This study evaluates a sustainable urea production pathway that utilizes hydrogen generated from water electrolysis for green ammonia synthesis and CO<sub>2</sub> captured from a cement plant using an MEA-based process. This study employed Aspen Plus V12.1 and MATLAB to develop rigorous system-level models of all subsystems involved in the sustainable urea production process. These subsystems include a cryogenic air separation unit (CASU), a modular system of alkaline electrolysers (AEL), a green Haber-Bosch (HB) process, an MEA-based CO<sub>2</sub> capture system, and the Stamicarbon process. To enhance the energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness of urea production, waste heat generated during green ammonia synthesis in the HB process was integrated into the stripper column of the MEA-based CO<sub>2</sub> capture system for solvent regeneration. A detailed economic analysis was conducted to assess the impact of this heat integration (HI) on reducing the CO<sub>2</sub> capture costs and, consequently, the overall urea production costs. Additionally, several heat supply scenarios were evaluated to meet the heat demand of the CO<sub>2</sub> stripper column in the Stamicarbon process. These included natural gas combustion, a cascade heat pump (HP), and natural gas combustion integrated with a cryogenic CO<sub>2</sub> capture (CCC) system. The results indicated that HI significantly decreases both the energy penalty and costs of the MEA-based CO<sub>2</sub> capture process, reducing the CO<sub>2</sub> capture costs by 41.27 % in 2024 and lowering the energy penalty by 50.40 %. Among the scenarios investigated, the cascade HP with HI proved to be the most cost-effective option for urea production. Additionally, electricity costs for operating the modular alkaline electrolyzers (AEL) dominate the sustainable urea production expenses, with 88.07 %–91.26 % of electricity costs allocated to AEL, depending on the selected production scenario. The modular AEL also represents the largest share of initial investment costs, accounting for 90.62 % of total capital expenditures in the urea production process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 150154"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sven Sören Hartmann , Maximilian Schalenbach , Maria Schestakow , Rüdiger-A. Eichel
{"title":"The effect of ionomer molecular weight on gravimetric water uptake, hydrogen permeability, ionic conductivity and degradation behavior of anion exchange membranes","authors":"Sven Sören Hartmann , Maximilian Schalenbach , Maria Schestakow , Rüdiger-A. Eichel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anion-exchange membranes (AEMs) are promising materials for efficient water electrolysis. However, their chemical instability remains a challenge to be solved for large-scale applications. In this study, AEMs of the same structural type but with varying molecular weights are synthesized, employing a polyaryletherketone backbone and quaternary ammonium groups as ion-conducting moieties. Due to strong interdependencies between the properties relevant for AEMs, in addition to chemical stability, water uptake, ionic conductivity, and hydrogen permeability in the fully hydrated state are also investigated as a function of molecular weight. The results show that the degradation of the ion exchange capacity (IEC) of the examined AEMs accelerates at higher KOH concentrations, which is typical for the Hofmann elimination mechanism. However, chemical degradation decreases with increasing molecular weight, without negatively affecting the other investigated membrane properties. As a result, the degradation rate of the high-molecular-weight material was reduced by up to 43 % compared to the low-molecular-weight counterpart.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":337,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Hydrogen Energy","volume":"151 ","pages":"Article 150126"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144517264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}