Cardiac Failure Review最新文献

{"title":"Imaging in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Multimodality Imaging Point of View.","authors":"Serkan Ünlü, Özge Özden, Ahmet Çelik","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.27","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2022.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an important global health problem. Despite increased prevalence due to improved diagnostic options, limited improvement has been achieved in cardiac outcomes. HFpEF is an extremely complex syndrome and multimodality imaging is important for diagnosis, identifying its different phenotypes and determining prognosis. Evaluation of left ventricular filling pressures using echocardiographic diastolic function parameters is the first step of imaging in clinical practice. The role of echocardiography is becoming more popular and with the recent developments in deformation imaging, cardiac MRI is extremely important as it can provide tissue characterisation, identify fibrosis and optimal volume measurements of cardiac chambers. Nuclear imaging methods can also be used in the diagnosis of specific diseases, such as cardiac amyloidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e04"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/45/cfr-09-e04.PMC10301698.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9736993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Extra-cardiac Disease in Patient Selection for Heart Transplantation: Considerations in Cardiac Amyloidosis.","authors":"Lynn Raju Punnoose,&nbsp;Hasan Siddiqi,&nbsp;Julie Rosenthal,&nbsp;Michelle Kittleson,&nbsp;Ronald Witteles,&nbsp;Kevin Alexander","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disease-modifying therapies in both light chain and transthyretin amyloidosis have improved patient functional status and survival. Conceivably, as heart failure may progress despite amyloid therapies, more patients may be considered for heart transplantation. In earlier eras, extra-cardiac amyloid deposits significantly reduced post-heart transplant patient survival and functional status compared to the non-amyloid population. In the modern era, transplant centres have reported improved outcomes in amyloidosis as patient selection has grown more stringent. Importantly, systematic candidate evaluation should assess the degree of extra-cardiac involvement, the effectiveness of disease-modifying therapies and downstream effects on patients' nutrition and frailty. This review outlines such an overall approach while also considering that organ-specific selection criteria may vary between individual transplant centres. A methodical approach to patient evaluation will promote better understanding of the prevalence and severity of extra-cardiac disease in amyloidosis patients referred for heart transplantation and of any disparities in decision outcomes in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e01"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c2/ac/cfr-09-e01.PMC9987512.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9551185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacy Challenges in Cardiac Patient Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learnt For the Future.","authors":"Andrew McRae","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/ae/cfr-09-e03.PMC9987506.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9090003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Patient Monitoring for Patients with Heart Failure: Sex- and Race-based Disparities and Opportunities.","authors":"Ioannis Mastoris, Ersilia M DeFilippis, Trejeeve Martyn, Alanna A Morris, Harriette Gc Van Spall, Andrew J Sauer","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.22","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2022.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Remote patient monitoring (RPM), within the larger context of telehealth expansion, has been established as an effective and safe means of care for patients with heart failure (HF) during the recent pandemic. Of the demographic groups, female patients and black patients are underenrolled relative to disease distribution in clinical trials and are under-referred for RPM, including remote haemodynamic monitoring, cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), wearables and telehealth interventions. The sex- and race-based disparities are multifactorial: stringent clinical trial inclusion criteria, distrust of the medical establishment, poor access to healthcare, socioeconomic inequities, and lack of diversity in clinical trial leadership. Notwithstanding addressing the above factors, RPM has the unique potential to reduce disparities through a combination of implicit bias mitigation and earlier detection and intervention for HF disease progression in disadvantaged groups. This review describes the uptake of remote haemodynamic monitoring, CIEDs and telehealth in female patients and black patients with HF, and discusses aetiologies that may contribute to inequities and strategies to promote health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e02"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/aa/01/cfr-09-e02.PMC9987513.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9866960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Imaging in Cardiomyopathies.","authors":"Vincenzo Castiglione,&nbsp;Alberto Aimo,&nbsp;Giancarlo Todiere,&nbsp;Andrea Barison,&nbsp;Iacopo Fabiani,&nbsp;Giorgia Panichella,&nbsp;Dario Genovesi,&nbsp;Lucrezia Bonino,&nbsp;Alberto Clemente,&nbsp;Filippo Cademartiri,&nbsp;Alberto Giannoni,&nbsp;Claudio Passino,&nbsp;Michele Emdin,&nbsp;Giuseppe Vergaro","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imaging has a central role in the diagnosis, classification, and clinical management of cardiomyopathies. While echocardiography is the first-line technique, given its wide availability and safety, advanced imaging, including cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), nuclear medicine and CT, is increasingly needed to refine the diagnosis or guide therapeutic decision-making. In selected cases, such as in transthyretin-related cardiac amyloidosis or in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, the demonstration of histological features of the disease can be avoided when typical findings are observed at bone-tracer scintigraphy or CMR, respectively. Findings from imaging techniques should always be integrated with data from the clinical, electrocardiographic, biomarker, genetic and functional evaluation to pursue an individualised approach to patients with cardiomyopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b3/a4/cfr-09-e08.PMC10326670.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9808398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Heart Failure Based on Imaging the Heart and Beyond.","authors":"Fraser J Graham,&nbsp;Antonio Iaconelli,&nbsp;Piotr Sonecki,&nbsp;Ross T Campbell,&nbsp;David Hunter,&nbsp;John Gf Cleland,&nbsp;Pierpaolo Pellicori","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water and salt retention, in other words congestion, are fundamental to the pathophysiology of heart failure and are important therapeutic targets. Echocardiography is the key tool with which to assess cardiac structure and function in the initial diagnostic workup of patients with suspected heart failure and is essential for guiding treatment and stratifying risk. Ultrasound can also be used to identify and quantify congestion in the great veins, kidneys and lungs. More advanced imaging methods might further clarify the aetiology of heart failure and its consequences for the heart and periphery, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of care tailored with greater precision to individual patient need.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/e1/cfr-09-e10.PMC10326661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Persistent Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation on Adequate Oral Anticoagulation: Pathways of Care for All-comers and Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Josip Katic,&nbsp;Josip Andelo Borovac","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In patients with AF, the presence of left atrial/left atrial appendage (LA/LAA) thrombus is related to an increased risk of thromboembolic events. Anticoagulation therapy, either with vitamin K antagonists or novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is therefore mandatory in AF with LA/LAA thrombus in order to lower the risk of stroke or other systemic embolic events. Despite the efficacy of these treatments, some patients will have persistent LAA thrombus remaining or may have contraindications to oral anticoagulation. Currently, little is known about the occurrence, risk factors and resolution rate of LA/LAA thrombus in patients who are already under optimal chronic oral anticoagulation, including vitamin K antagonists or NOACs. The common action in clinical practice in this scenario is switching from one to another anticoagulant drug exhibiting a different mechanism of action. Repeated cardiac imaging is then advised within several weeks to visually verify thrombus dissolution. Finally, there is a substantial scarcity of data on the role and optimal use of NOACs after LAA occlusion. The aim of this review is to critically evaluate data and provide up-to-date information on the best antithrombotic strategies in this challenging clinical scenario.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/a4/cfr-09-e05.PMC10311400.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Exercise Capacity in Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and the Role of Percentage of Delayed Enhancement Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Predicting Therapeutic Response: A Multicentre Study.","authors":"Cinzia Nugara,&nbsp;Francesco Giallauria,&nbsp;Giuseppe Vitale,&nbsp;Silvia Sarullo,&nbsp;Giovanni Gentile,&nbsp;Francesco Clemenza,&nbsp;Annamaria Lo Voi,&nbsp;Antonino Zarcone,&nbsp;Elio Venturini,&nbsp;Gabriella Iannuzzo,&nbsp;Andrew Js Coats,&nbsp;Filippo M Sarullo","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This study aims to evaluate the cardiopulmonary effects of sacubitril/valsartan therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), investigating a possible correlation with the degree of myocardial fibrosis, as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance. <b>Methods</b>: A total of 134 outpatients with HFrEF were enrolled. <b>Results</b>: After a mean follow-up of 13.3 ± 6.6 months, an improvement in ejection fraction and a reduction in E/A ratio, inferior vena cava size and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were observed. At follow-up, we observed an increase in VO₂ peak of 16% (p<0.0001) and in O₂ pulse of 13% (p=0.0002) as well as an improvement in ventilatory response associated with a 7% reduction in the VE/VCO₂ slope (p=0.0001). An 8% increase in the ΔVO₂/Δ work ratio and an 18% increase in exercise tolerance were also observed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main predictors of events during follow-up were VE/VCO₂ slope >34 (OR 3.98; 95% CI [1.59-10.54]; p=0.0028); ventilatory oscillatory pattern (OR 4.65; 95% CI [1.55-16.13]; p=0.0052); and haemoglobin level (OR 0.35; 95% CI [0.21-0.55]; p<0.0001). In patients who had cardiac magnetic resonance, when delayed enhancement >4.6% was detected, a lower response after sacubitril/valsartan therapy was observed as expressed by improvement in ΔVO₂ peak, O₂ pulse, LVEF and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. No significant differences were observed in ΔVO₂/Δ work and VE/VCO₂ slope. <b>Conclusion</b>:Sacubitril/valsartan improves cardiopulmonary functional capacity in HFrEF patients. The presence of myocardial fibrosis on cardiac magnetic resonance is a predictor of response to therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/74/cfr-09-e07.PMC10326660.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9814662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicardial Fat in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Bad Actor or Just Lying Around?","authors":"Mary-Tiffany Oduah,&nbsp;Varun Sundaram,&nbsp;Yogesh Nv Reddy","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2022.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2022.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is increasingly recognised to be strongly associated with obesity and abnormalities in fat distribution. Epicardial fat has been associated with abnormal haemodynamics in HFpEF, with potential for direct mechanical effects on the heart causing constriction-like physiology and local myocardial remodelling effects from secretion of inflammatory and profibrotic mediators. However, patients with epicardial fat generally have more systemic and visceral adipose tissue making determination of causality between epicardial fat and HFpEF complex. In this review, we will summarise the evidence for epicardial fat being either directly causal in HFpEF pathogenesis or merely being a correlate of worse systemic inflammatory and generalised adiposity. We will also discuss therapies that directly target epicardial fat and may have potential for treating HFpEF and elucidating the independent role of epicardial fat in its pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/31/cfr-09-e06.PMC10311396.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9748524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Public Health Burden of Heart Failure: An Updated Review.","authors":"Bahira Shahim,&nbsp;Chris J Kapelios,&nbsp;Gianluigi Savarese,&nbsp;Lars H Lund","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2023.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2023.05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing public health issue with an estimated prevalence of 64 million people globally. Although the incidence of HF has stabilised worldwide and seems to be declining in developed countries, the prevalence is increasing due to the ageing of the population, improved survival after MI and improved treatment and survival of patients with HF. Yet, HF remains associated with high mortality and morbidity, poor quality of life and functional capacity, and confers a substantial burden to the healthcare system. The prevalence, incidence, mortality and morbidity rates reported show geographical variations, depending on the different aetiologies and clinical characteristics observed among patients with HF. In this review, we provide an overview of the global epidemiology of HF with updated data on prevalence, incidence, mortality and morbidity worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"9 ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/c0/cfr-09-e11.PMC10398425.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9955350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}