Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-05-14eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2020.12
Aniket S Rali, Sergio Trevino, Edward Yang, James P Herlihy, Jose Diaz-Gomez
{"title":"Cardiopulmonary Ultrasonography for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients in Prone Position.","authors":"Aniket S Rali, Sergio Trevino, Edward Yang, James P Herlihy, Jose Diaz-Gomez","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2020.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2020.12","url":null,"abstract":"Case Presentation A 50-year old female presented to the emergency department with a 6-day history of fever, progressively worsening cough and shortness of breath. The patient did not report any contact with anyone who had been recently unwell or had been travelling. Upon arrival to the emergency room, the patient was noted to be severely hypoxaemic by pulse oximetry (66%) and in impeding respiratory failure, so she was emergently intubated for mechanical ventilatory support. Immediately post-intubation, arterial blood gas was as follows: pH 7.34, pCO 2 31 mmHg, pO 2 60 mmHg, O 2 saturation 90%, calculated HCO 3 16 mmol/l on FiO 2 of 100% and PaO 2 /FIO 2 ratio of 60. Her ventilatory mode was set at controlled minute ventilation, with a respiratory rate of 24, tidal volume of 300 cc (6 cc/ ideal body weight), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 20 cmH 2 O and FiO 2 of 100%. The patient’s chest X-ray at the time of admission showed diffuse bilateral pulmonary opacities consistent with multifocal pneumonia or pulmonary oedema (Figure 1). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was sent and came back positive after 48 hours.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/0f/cfr-06-e12.PMC7265100.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38023337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-05-12eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.14
Patrik Bachtiger, Carla M Plymen, Punam A Pabari, James P Howard, Zachary I Whinnett, Felicia Opoku, Stephen Janering, Aldo A Faisal, Darrel P Francis, Nicholas S Peters
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence, Data Sensors and Interconnectivity: Future Opportunities for Heart Failure.","authors":"Patrik Bachtiger, Carla M Plymen, Punam A Pabari, James P Howard, Zachary I Whinnett, Felicia Opoku, Stephen Janering, Aldo A Faisal, Darrel P Francis, Nicholas S Peters","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.14","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A higher proportion of patients with heart failure have benefitted from a wide and expanding variety of sensor-enabled implantable devices than any other patient group. These patients can now also take advantage of the ever-increasing availability and affordability of consumer electronics. Wearable, on- and near-body sensor technologies, much like implantable devices, generate massive amounts of data. The connectivity of all these devices has created opportunities for pooling data from multiple sensors - so-called interconnectivity - and for artificial intelligence to provide new diagnostic, triage, risk-stratification and disease management insights for the delivery of better, more personalised and cost-effective healthcare. Artificial intelligence is also bringing important and previously inaccessible insights from our conventional cardiac investigations. The aim of this article is to review the convergence of artificial intelligence, sensor technologies and interconnectivity and the way in which this combination is set to change the care of patients with heart failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/62/04/cfr-06-e11.PMC7265101.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38023336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-05-01eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2020.07
Ernest Spitzer, Ben Ren, Jasper J Brugts, Joost Daemen, Eugene McFadden, Jan Gp Tijssen, Nicolas M Van Mieghem
{"title":"Cardiovascular Clinical Trials in a Pandemic: Immediate Implications of Coronavirus Disease 2019.","authors":"Ernest Spitzer, Ben Ren, Jasper J Brugts, Joost Daemen, Eugene McFadden, Jan Gp Tijssen, Nicolas M Van Mieghem","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2020.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2020.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019, and by 24 April 2020, it had affected >2.73 million people in 185 countries and caused >192,000 deaths. Despite diverse societal measures to reduce transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, such as implementing social distancing, quarantine, curfews and total lockdowns, its control remains challenging. Healthcare practitioners are at the frontline of defence against the virus, with increasing institutional and governmental supports. Nevertheless, new or ongoing clinical trials, not related to the disease itself, remain important for the development of new therapies, and require interactions among patients, clinicians and research personnel, which is challenging, given isolation measures. In this article, the authors summarise the acute effects and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on current cardiovascular trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/0c/cfr-06-e09.PMC7215493.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37939671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-21eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2020.06
Aniket S Rali, Krishidhar R Nunna, Christopher Howard, James P Herlihy, Kalpalatha K Guntupalli
{"title":"High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygenation Revisited in COVID-19.","authors":"Aniket S Rali, Krishidhar R Nunna, Christopher Howard, James P Herlihy, Kalpalatha K Guntupalli","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2020.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2020.06","url":null,"abstract":"As of 31 March 2020, the Centers for Disease Control has reported a total of 163,593 confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases and 2,860 COVID-19-related deaths in the US. According to several public health predictive models, these numbers are expected to continue to rise in the upcoming weeks, leading to a nationwide shortage of hospital beds and especially intensive care unit (ICU) beds. Owing to its predominantly respiratory manifestations, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), one of the treatment modalities that is expected to run short is mechanical ventilators.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4d/44/cfr-06-e08.PMC7199186.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37909595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-21eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.20
Ferdinando Iellamo, Barbara Sposato, Maurizio Volterrani
{"title":"Telemonitoring for the Management of Patients with Heart Failure.","authors":"Ferdinando Iellamo, Barbara Sposato, Maurizio Volterrani","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advances in technology now make it possible to manage heart failure (HF) from a remote to a telemonitoring approach using either noninvasive solutions or implantable devices. Nowadays, it is possible to monitor at-home parameters that can be recorded, stored and remotely transmitted to physicians, allowing them to make decisions for therapeutic modification, hospitalization or access to the emergency room. Standalone systems are available that are equipped with self-intelligence and are able to acquire and elaborate data that can inform the remote physician of impending decompensation before it results in additional complications. The development of miniature implantable devices, which could measure haemodynamic variables and transmit them to a monitor outside the body, offers the possibility for the physician to obtain more frequent evaluations of HF patients and the opportunity to take these data into account in management decisions. At present, several telemonitoring devices are available, but the only Food and Drug Administration-approved system is the cardio-microelectromechanical system, which is an implantable pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) monitoring device that allows a direct monitoring of the PAP via a sensor implanted in the pulmonary artery. This information is then uploaded to a web-based interface from which healthcare providers can track the results and manage patients. At present, the challenge point for telemedicine management of HF is to find the more relevant biological parameter to monitor the clinical status.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/ae/cfr-06-e07.PMC7199126.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37909594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-21eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.12
Ivo Planinc, Davor Milicic, Maja Cikes
{"title":"Telemonitoring in Heart Failure Management.","authors":"Ivo Planinc, Davor Milicic, Maja Cikes","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telemonitoring (TM) aims to predict and prevent worsening heart failure (HF) episodes and improve self-care, patient education, treatment adherence and survival. There is a growing number of TM options for patients with HF, but there are numerous challenges in reaching positive outcomes. Conflicting evidence from clinical trials may be the result of the enormous heterogeneity of TM devices tested, differences in selected patient populations and variabilities between healthcare systems. This article covers some basic concepts of TM, looking at the recent advances in the most frequently used types of TM and the evidence to support its use in the care of people with HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/e1/cfr-06-e06.PMC7199128.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37910141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-09eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.03
Michela Faggioni, Domenico G Della Rocca, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Ugur Canpolat, Carola Gianni, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney Horton, Gerald Joseph Gallinghouse, John David Burkhardt, Andrea Natale
{"title":"Long-term Outcome of Pulmonary Vein Isolation Versus Amiodarone Therapy in Patients with Coexistent Persistent AF and Congestive Heart Failure.","authors":"Michela Faggioni, Domenico G Della Rocca, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Ugur Canpolat, Carola Gianni, Amin Al-Ahmad, Rodney Horton, Gerald Joseph Gallinghouse, John David Burkhardt, Andrea Natale","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although pharmacological rhythm control of AF in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) does not seem to provide any benefit over rate control, catheter ablation of AF has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. These results can be explained with higher success rates of catheter ablation in restoring and maintaining sinus rhythm compared with antiarrhythmic drugs. In addition, pharmacotherapy is not void of side-effects, which are thought to offset its potential antiarrhythmic benefits. Therefore, efforts should be made towards optimisation of ablation techniques for AF in patients with HFrEF.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e04"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5b/b5/cfr-06-e04.PMC7199124.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37910139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-09eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.13
Paul Richard Roberts, Mohamed Hassan ElRefai
{"title":"The Use of App-based Follow-up of Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices.","authors":"Paul Richard Roberts, Mohamed Hassan ElRefai","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been a steady rise in the number of patients treated with cardiac implantable electrical devices. Remote monitoring and remote follow-up have proven superior to conventional care in the follow-up of these patients and represent the new standard of care. With the widespread availability of smartphones and with more people using them for health queries, app-based remote care offers a promising new digital health solution promoting the shift of follow-up to exception-based assessments. It focuses on patients' enablement and has shown promising results, but also highlights the need to increase the system's automaticity to achieve acceptable follow-up adherence rates. MyCareLink Heart is a fully automated app-based system that represents the next generation of app-based monitoring and is currently being evaluated in an international study with promising initial results.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/47/60/cfr-06-e03.PMC7199159.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37910138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-04-09eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.09
Sriram D Rao, Srinath Adusumalli, Jeremy A Mazurek
{"title":"Pulmonary Hypertension in Heart Failure Patients.","authors":"Sriram D Rao, Srinath Adusumalli, Jeremy A Mazurek","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with heart failure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. In this article, the authors examine recent changes to the definition of PH in the setting of left heart disease (PH-LHD), and discuss its epidemiology, pathophysiology and prognosis. They also explore the complexities of diagnosing PH-LHD and the current evidence for the use of medical therapies, promising clinical trials and the role of left ventricular assist device and transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"e05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/78/cfr-06-e05.PMC7199161.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37910140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiac Failure ReviewPub Date : 2020-03-16eCollection Date: 2020-03-01DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.10
Veronika Zach, Felix Lucas Bähr, Frank Edelmann
{"title":"Suppression of Tumourigenicity 2 in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.","authors":"Veronika Zach, Felix Lucas Bähr, Frank Edelmann","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2019.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2019.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heart failure (HF), with steadily increasing incidence rates and mortality in an ageing population, represents a major challenge. Evidence suggests that more than half of all patients with a diagnosis of HF suffer from HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Emerging novel biomarkers to improve and potentially guide the treatment of HFpEF are the subject of discussion. One of these biomarkers is suppression of tumourigenicity 2 (ST2), a member of the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor family, binding to IL-33. Its two main isoforms - soluble ST2 (sST2) and transmembrane ST2 (ST2L) - show opposite effects in cardiovascular diseases. While the ST2L/IL-33 interaction is considered as being cardioprotective, sST2 antagonises this beneficial effect by competing for binding to IL-33. Recent studies show that elevated levels of sST2 are associated with increased mortality in HF with reduced ejection fraction. Nevertheless, the significance of sST2 in HFpEF remains uncertain. This article aims to give an overview of the current evidence on sST2 in HFpEF with an emphasis on prognostic value, clinical association and interaction with HF treatment. The authors conclude that sST2 is a promising biomarker in HFpEF. However, further research is needed to fully understand underlying mechanisms and ultimately assess its full value.</p>","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"6 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/74/e6/cfr-06-e02.PMC7111301.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37808966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}