Cardiac Failure Review最新文献

Glucagon-like Peptide-1-based and Emerging Cardiometabolic Therapies in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Linking Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes. 基于胰高血糖素样肽-1和新兴的心脏代谢治疗保留射血分数的心力衰竭：将分子机制与临床结果联系起来。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.22

Aurora Merolla, Patrizia Rovere-Querini

{"title":"Glucagon-like Peptide-1-based and Emerging Cardiometabolic Therapies in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Linking Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Aurora Merolla, Patrizia Rovere-Querini","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2026.22","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2026.22","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome driven by frequent coexistence of cardio-renal-metabolic comorbidities. It has growing epidemiological relevance as global populations age. At its pathophysiological core lies a state of chronic systemic inflammation, coronary microvascular dysfunction and myocardial remodelling, a cascade where epicardial adipose tissue plays a pivotal amplifying role. This complexity is driving a fundamental shift in HFpEF management towards integrated cardiometabolic targeting. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and the dual GLP1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-RA tirzepatide have emerged as compelling multi-system agents, simultaneously addressing several key pathophysiological drivers of the syndrome with consistent improvements in symptoms, functional capacity and clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, questions remain regarding the long-term impact on cardiovascular outcomes, consequences of discontinuing treatment and the potential loss of muscle mass. This review examines the pathophysiological basis of HFpEF within the cardio-renal-metabolic continuum, appraising the clinical evidence, benefits and limitations of GLP-1RAs in HFpEF and discussing future directions including phenotype-directed therapy, mechanism-based combination strategies and next-generation molecules.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655748/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overcoming Hyperkalaemia to Optimise Heart Failure Therapy: The Emerging Role of Novel Potassium Binders. 克服高钾血症以优化心力衰竭治疗：新型钾结合剂的新作用。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-30 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.10

Sudesh Prajapathi, Akshyaya Pradhan, Kunal Mahajan, Rajeev Agarwala, Marco Alfonso Perrone

{"title":"Overcoming Hyperkalaemia to Optimise Heart Failure Therapy: The Emerging Role of Novel Potassium Binders.","authors":"Sudesh Prajapathi, Akshyaya Pradhan, Kunal Mahajan, Rajeev Agarwala, Marco Alfonso Perrone","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2026.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15420/cfr.2026.10","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperkalaemia is common in patients with heart failure. It limits the initiation, optimisation and continuation of guideline-directed medical therapy, particularly mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Two potassium binders, patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), have emerged as strategies to address this barrier. SZC is an inorganic crystalline compound that binds potassium in exchange for sodium and hydrogen throughout the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in rapid potassium lowering, whereas patiromer is a non-absorbed organic polymer that exchanges potassium for calcium in the colon and has a slower onset of action. Both agents have demonstrated efficacy in maintaining normokalaemia and enabling the continuation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor therapy in heart failure. Differences in electrolyte effects and tolerability have clinical implications: patiromer is associated with hypomagnesaemia, while SZC delivers a sodium load that may predispose patients to fluid retention. However, no head-to-head randomised trials are available and evidence for improvement in heart failure morbidity or mortality remains limited, underscoring the need for adequately powered outcome studies.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e32"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Expanding Role of Carbohydrate Antigen 125 in Heart Failure: From Tumour Marker to a Cornerstone of Heart Failure Management. An Updated Narrative Review. 碳水化合物抗原125在心力衰竭中的作用：从肿瘤标志物到心力衰竭治疗的基石。更新的叙述性评论。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-23 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2025.40

Agustín Fernández-Cisnal, Anna Mollar, Gema Miñana, Rafael de la Espriella, Enrique Santas, Miguel Lorenzo, César Romero Menor, Julio Núñez

{"title":"The Expanding Role of Carbohydrate Antigen 125 in Heart Failure: From Tumour Marker to a Cornerstone of Heart Failure Management. An Updated Narrative Review.","authors":"Agustín Fernández-Cisnal, Anna Mollar, Gema Miñana, Rafael de la Espriella, Enrique Santas, Miguel Lorenzo, César Romero Menor, Julio Núñez","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2025.40","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2025.40","url":null,"abstract":"Congestion is central to heart failure (HF) but remains difficult to quantify. Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), also known as mucin 16, released by mesothelial cells, captures two pathways relevant to HF: fluid overload and inflammation. This narrative review summarises biological mechanisms and clinical applications. Across acute and chronic settings, CA125 tracks systemic and right-sided congestion, complements natriuretic peptides and shows lower dependence on renal function. Higher levels identify patients at risk for death and readmission; in ambulatory HF with reduced ejection fraction it predicts events, while in HF with preserved ejection fraction its signal is strongest in congestion-dominant phenotypes. Serial testing mirrors decongestion and clinical course; CA125-guided care has reduced rehospitalisations and improved renal function measures in selected populations. Advantages, wide availability, standardisation and low cost, support use in practice. Key gaps include phenotype-specific threshold, sampling interval and integration into actionable algorithms. Overall, CA125 has moved from tumour marker to practical tool that refines congestion assessment, improves risk stratification and informs individualised therapy in contemporary HF care.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13655751/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Valvular Heart Disease as the Main Cause of Acute Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Dynamic Severe Functional Valvular Regurgitation as the Main Mechanism of Decompensation. 有瓣性心脏病是急性心力衰竭伴射血分数保留的主要原因：动态严重功能性瓣膜反流是失代偿的主要机制。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-10 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.44

Maria Giulia Bellicini

引用次数: 0

Understanding Exercise-induced Protection in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Molecular Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Opportunities. 了解运动对心力衰竭伴射血分数降低和伴射血分数保留的保护作用：分子机制和新的治疗机会。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-10 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2025.62

Ren Ping Liu, Lauren E Watson, Julie R McMullen

{"title":"Understanding Exercise-induced Protection in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Molecular Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Ren Ping Liu, Lauren E Watson, Julie R McMullen","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2025.62","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2025.62","url":null,"abstract":"Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are subtypes of heart failure with overlapping clinical features but have some distinct functional characteristics and cellular and molecular mechanisms. Exercise training is an accessible, non-pharmacological therapy recommended for the management of HFrEF and is increasingly showing promise for treating HFpEF. This review summarises the underlying pathophysiology of HFrEF and HFpEF and the evidence from clinical and preclinical studies showing that exercise training can improve cardiac function. The authors also summarise the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms between HFrEF and HFpEF, with respect to cardiac remodelling, fibrosis, mitochondrial adaptations and metabolism, inflammation and inter-organ crosstalk, and provide evidence that exercise training elicits protective adaptations in HFrEF and HFpEF through some different signalling pathways targeted by exercise. Finally, the authors discuss the use of exercise training as a therapeutic intervention for HFrEF and HFpEF through personalised training by phenotype and in combination with emerging pharmacological treatments.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149025597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-positive Airway Pressure Therapies for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea and Central Sleep Apnoea. 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和中枢性睡眠呼吸暂停的非气道正压治疗。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-10 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2025.24

Jorge Mora, Bernie Sunwoo, Matheus Ramsis, Atul Malhotra

引用次数: 0

Finding and Managing Heart Failure Earlier: Why Enhancing Primary Care Teams to Apply More Definitive Surveillance is the Solution. 早期发现和管理心力衰竭：为什么加强初级保健团队应用更明确的监测是解决方案。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-08 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.25

James Smith, David Wilson, Amy Rose Stewart, Trung Nguyen, Justin Beilby, Lisa Collison, Lynda Whiteway, Rachel Ambagtsheer, Rebecca Perry, David Playford, Yih-Kai Chan, Simon Stewart

{"title":"Finding and Managing Heart Failure Earlier: Why Enhancing Primary Care Teams to Apply More Definitive Surveillance is the Solution.","authors":"James Smith, David Wilson, Amy Rose Stewart, Trung Nguyen, Justin Beilby, Lisa Collison, Lynda Whiteway, Rachel Ambagtsheer, Rebecca Perry, David Playford, Yih-Kai Chan, Simon Stewart","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2026.25","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2026.25","url":null,"abstract":"Typically, heart failure (HF) is definitively diagnosed and treated with guideline-directed medical therapy late in its natural history, with reported delays, missed investigation and inpatient diagnoses associated with poor outcomes. Accordingly, better, more decisive primary care can and should play a critical role in addressing this seemingly intractable problem. However, as reflected by a paucity of evidence to inform the recommendations of expert HF guidelines, primary care teams are rarely considered as part of the solution. In this review, we explore all the potential outcomes from more proactive screening for HF in primary care when introducing artificial intelligence-mediated portable cardiac ultrasound. Based on the strengths and weaknesses of the screening components that can now be applied, we consider the spectrum of early to late forms of HF likely to be revealed and more immediately diagnosed. Within this context, we present, as an example of what can be achieved in this space, a clinical algorithm that was developed for a prospective, multicentre project to find and manage HF earlier in the primary care setting.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595251/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obesity in Heart Failure: Mechanistic, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations. 肥胖在心力衰竭：机制，诊断和治疗的考虑。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-09-08 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.05

Faraz Pathan, Kathryn Williams

引用次数: 0

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in the Era of Precision Medicine: Redefining Diagnosis, Therapeutics and Risk. 精准医学时代的肥厚性心肌病：重新定义诊断、治疗和风险。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2026.19

Clara Saldarriaga

引用次数: 0

Precipitants of Acute Heart Failure: A State-of-the-art Review from an International Expert Group. 急性心力衰竭的促发因子：来自国际专家组的最新综述。

IF 12.2

Cardiac Failure Review Pub Date : 2026-08-21 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2025.49

Anika S Naidu, Ovidiu Chioncel, Jolie Bruno, Javed Butler, Andrew Js Coats, Sean P Collins, Gad Cotter, Beth Davison, Zara Fatima, Oliviana Geavlete, Nicolas Girerd, Shir Lynn Lim, Alexandre Mebazaa, Marco Metra, Òscar Miró, Alberto Palazzuoli, Marija Polovina, Razvan I Radu, Gianluigi Savarese, Dana R Sax, Petar M Seferovic, Maurizio Volterrani, Andrew P Ambrosy

{"title":"Precipitants of Acute Heart Failure: A State-of-the-art Review from an International Expert Group.","authors":"Anika S Naidu, Ovidiu Chioncel, Jolie Bruno, Javed Butler, Andrew Js Coats, Sean P Collins, Gad Cotter, Beth Davison, Zara Fatima, Oliviana Geavlete, Nicolas Girerd, Shir Lynn Lim, Alexandre Mebazaa, Marco Metra, Òscar Miró, Alberto Palazzuoli, Marija Polovina, Razvan I Radu, Gianluigi Savarese, Dana R Sax, Petar M Seferovic, Maurizio Volterrani, Andrew P Ambrosy","doi":"10.15420/cfr.2025.49","DOIUrl":"10.15420/cfr.2025.49","url":null,"abstract":"Acute heart failure (AHF) is a leading cause of hospitalisation worldwide, with the majority of cases triggered by an identifiable precipitant. Recognition of these precipitants is important for both acute management and long-term prevention, as they are frequently reversible, carry prognostic significance and directly inform targeted therapy. The epidemiology of precipitants varies across settings, and patterns are evolving as the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction rises. In this review, we summarise the epidemiology, diagnostic evaluation and management of the most common precipitants of AHF. Globally, the leading precipitants of AHF are ischaemia/acute coronary syndrome, infection, arrhythmias, uncontrolled hypertension, nonadherence and renal dysfunction, although their relative distribution varies by geography and heart failure phenotype. Optimal medical management necessitates initial haemodynamic stabilisation, identification of the underlying precipitant and delivery of targeted therapy. Importantly, successful identification and treatment of a reversible precipitant should not preclude initiation or optimisation of guideline-directed medical therapy, which remain essential for long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":33741,"journal":{"name":"Cardiac Failure Review","volume":"12 ","pages":"e24"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148971634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0