International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Numerical investigation of heat transfer enhancement by the stretching of triply periodic minimal surfaces","authors":"Michael Coe,&nbsp;Zeinab Rahnama,&nbsp;Benjamin Reynolds,&nbsp;Daniel Holland","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in additive manufacturing technology have enabled the creation of exotic designs for heat exchangers, such as those based on a gyroid triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS). These TPMS-based heat exchangers achieve exceptionally high heat transfer rates but also produce very high pressure losses. This study simulates the impact of unit cell stretching on the thermal and hydraulic performance of a TPMS-based heat exchanger. A periodic heat transfer model with constant wall temperature is employed across a range of Reynolds numbers, covering both laminar and turbulent regimes. The analysis shows that stretching the TPMS structure enhances thermal and hydraulic performance, up to 15 times depending on criteria. For a fixed heat transfer rate, stretching the TPMS reduces the relative pumping power, volume, and/or frontal area required. For example, stretching the TPMS by a factor of 5 enables the volume of the heat exchanger to be reduced by nearly an order of magnitude. These results indicate that stretched TPMS structures are promising for compact heat exchanger design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127064"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new model for predicting thermal conductivity of unsaturated soils using the soil-water characteristic curve","authors":"Hao Wang,&nbsp;Sai K. Vanapalli","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heat and mass transfer processes in porous media, such as soils, strongly depend on thermal conductivity. In contrast to homogeneous materials, the thermal conductivity of soils, especially when they are unsaturated, is highly complex due to the intricate interactions among solid, water, and air phases. Water saturation is one of the most important factors influencing the thermal conductivity. Current models for predicting thermal conductivity, whether empirical, based on mixing theories, or grounded in percolation theory frequently exhibit limitations under varied environmental conditions. To address these challenges, in this study a new model is developed for predicting the thermal conductivity of unsaturated soils, utilizing the Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC) as a fundamental tool. The proposed approach explicitly links pore-scale thermal conductivity to pore size distribution, subsequently upscaling this relationship to predict normalized thermal conductivity at the macroscale. The model incorporates two parameters, <em>n</em>₁ and <em>η</em>, both of which are strongly related to the pore size distribution. The parameter <em>n</em>₁ is derived from the SWCC while an empirical correlation is suggested between <em>n</em>₁ and <em>η</em>, facilitating practical implementation. The model’s accuracy is validated against a wide range of experimental datasets, demonstrating reliable prediction performance across various soil types and temperature conditions. This model can be effectively used in thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) coupled modeling for unsaturated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127153"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular insight into further enhancement of thermal conductivity and heat capacity of K2CO3-SiO2 molten salt nanofluids by oxygen vacancy defects in SiO2 nanoparticles","authors":"Chang Ji ,&nbsp;Xueming Yang ,&nbsp;Haiqi Xu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Yang ,&nbsp;Jianfei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanoparticle-reinforced molten salt materials are gaining attention due to their capacity of improving thermal energy storage. However, the effect of charged nanoparticles by defects on the thermal performance improvement of molten salt remains unexplored. This study investigates how SiO₂ nanoparticles charged due to oxygen vacancy defects affect the thermal properties of K₂CO₃ molten salt for the first time by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It is found that as oxygen vacancies increase, the charge on nanoparticles increases, significantly enhancing both the specific heat capacity (SHC) and thermal conductivity (TC) of the SiO₂-K₂CO₃ system. In the K₂CO₃-SiO₂ system, the enhancement of SHC and TC with 25 % oxygen vacancy ratio in nanoparticles is 241 % and 197 % higher, respectively, than those with ideal nanoparticles. Microstructure analysis shows that oxygen vacancies in nanoparticles promotes the formation of alternating cation-anion compression layers around the nanoparticles, intensifying ion aggregation and mismatch. The results of the heat flow decomposition show that the nonbonded interaction dominates the heat transfer process and its influence is further strengthened with the increasing number of oxygen vacancies in nanoparticles. The idea of introducing charges through defecting process provides a new approach for further increasing molten salt thermal performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127148"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing interfacial phase change and flow physics during vertical downflow condensation","authors":"Thanh-Hoang Phan ,&nbsp;Cho-Ning Huang ,&nbsp;Chirag R. Kharangate","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-phase configurations can address the urgent demand for effective heat dissipation solutions in Naval power and energy systems. A better understanding of thermal transport processes in phase-change flows is critical for developing novel two-phase design tools for naval scientists and engineers. This study investigates interfacial phase change and flow dynamics during condensation flow through numerical simulations. An enhanced phase change model, incorporating a mass transfer intensity coefficient dependent on condensation film thickness, is implemented for vertical downflow condensation. A two-dimensional homogeneous two-phase Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes model, coupled with the Shear-Stress Transport <em>k</em>-<em>ω</em> turbulence model, is employed. The developed solver is thoroughly evaluated against varying mass transfer functions and mesh resolutions, demonstrating minimal dependence on condensation surface temperature predictions. Subsequently, four test cases with varying mass flow rates of 108.67 – 413.0 kg/m²s and surface heat fluxes of 3.46 – 8.67 W/cm² are investigated to validate the model against experimental data. The predicted surface temperature profiles along the tube show excellent agreement with measurements, with mean absolute errors below 2.0 % across all cases. Additionally, detailed interfacial phase change and flow characteristics, including temperature and velocity distributions, are analyzed. The results reveal that the liquid film condensation thickness increases and becomes progressively unstable along the tube. Condensation mass transfer predominantly occurs at the liquid-vapor interface within a thin boundary layer. Furthermore, temperature and velocity profiles within the liquid film exhibit high gradients near the condensation surface and the liquid-vapor interface, following similar trends. Lastly, the influence of turbulence modeling on thermal transport is investigated, particularly the damping factor, and is found to significantly affect surface condensation heat transfer and interfacial liquid-vapor dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127149"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing mass transfer in falling liquid films: The impact of sharp-edged microstructures","authors":"Sangitha Muthulingam ,&nbsp;Felix Febrian ,&nbsp;Henning Bonart ,&nbsp;Christian Kahle ,&nbsp;Georg Brösigke ,&nbsp;Jens-Uwe Repke","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study is to analyze the mass transfer efficiency into liquid films overflowing sharp-edged micro structured surfaces using numerical simulations. The investigated microstructures are rectangular and triangular in shape, with heights and widths of 0.5 and 0.75 times the Nusselt film thickness, respectively. The fluid dynamics and phase separation are described using the Navier–Stokes and Cahn–Hilliard equations with the addition of mass transfer equations for a dilute species. In this work we study the absorption and mass transport of a solved species from the gas phase into the liquid film.</div><div>To gain insight into the various effects on mass transfer, a comprehensive numerical investigation is conducted with varying Reynolds number, Schmidt number and Henry number for each microstructure. The results indicate that the deformation and constriction of the film flow, resulting from the introduction of the microstructure, is a crucial factor influencing mass transfer efficiency. Depending on the hydrodynamics and the flow regime, the microstructure must be chosen carefully to actually enhance the mass transfer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127084"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drop impact onto a heated surface in a depressurized environment","authors":"Ryuta Hatakenaka ,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Tagawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upon impact with a hot substrate, a droplet undergoes various hydrodynamic and thermal responses, which depend on both the substrate temperature and the impact parameters. Ambient pressure is also a crucial factor in space applications, though its influence on these phenomena is poorly understood. We investigated the impact of a droplet on a heated surface in a depressurized environment, with a particular focus on the unique outcome observed under these conditions: <em>magic carpet breakup</em>. This phenomenon, first reported by Hatakenaka et al. (2019), describes an explosive, widespread rebound of the drop. A newly-developed thin-film Fe–Ni thermocouple array with 20 nm thick layers unveiled surface temperature during the <em>magic carpet breakup</em>. This high-speed surface temperature measurement was synchronized with total internal reflection (TIR) imaging. The bubble growth and the subsequent pressure release eventually lead to an explosive rebound of the drop. The bubble grew almost linearly with a slight acceleration, significantly different from the asymptotic growth observed for the bubble on a superheated substrate in a liquid pool. The growth rate remained low even when the surface was superheated to δ<span><math><mrow><mi>T</mi><mo>∼</mo></mrow></math></span> 60 K, but it increased sharply afterward. The surface temperature decreased sharply as the measuring junction became wet but did not recover immediately after the ring-shaped contact region passed. Remarkably, the study captured liquid microdroplets forming at the receding contact line of a growing bubble via a side-view camera and TIR. The surface temperature remained relatively low due to the evaporation of microdroplets. The threshold for microdroplet formation is related to the bubble growth rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 126959"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An immersed boundary-discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme for non-Oberbeck–Boussinesq thermal convection with curved surfaces","authors":"Xin Wen ,&nbsp;Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Yang Chen ,&nbsp;Kui Li ,&nbsp;Lian-Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, an immersed boundary-discrete unified gas-kinetic scheme (IB-DUGKS) is developed for non-Oberbeck–Boussinesq (NOB) natural convection with curved surfaces. A double distribution function model with the Bhatnagar–Gross–Krook (BGK) collision model is employed with the first distribution function representing the density and velocity fields, and the second distribution function determining the total energy. To incorporate the IB force and the heat source/sink, the external forcing term and an extra source term are introduced to the kinetic model. The IB forcing term only contributes to the leading order of the momentum and energy equation. By proper design, the source term plays a dual role, it includes the IB source/sink in the energy equation, and it allows an arbitrary Prandtl number by adjusting the heat flux term, demonstrating a great flexibility of mesoscopic methods particularly in treating thermal coupling. This IB-DUGKS enables the simulation of NOB natural convection flows, governed by the fully compressible Navier–Stokes–Fourier system. Simulations of natural convection between the outer square cavity and inner hot cylinders are performed to investigate the NOB effect. Both OB and NOB flows can be considered with the current scheme by selecting different relative temperature differences. The numerical results are in excellent agreement with the literature results, indicating that the current IB-DUGKS is accurate and robust for NOB thermal flow simulations. Finally, the NOB effects are demonstrated using the temperature field, velocity field, and overall heat transfer by contrasting the NOB solutions with the corresponding OB solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformal geometric design and additive manufacturing for special-shaped TPMS heat exchangers","authors":"Yijin Zhang ,&nbsp;Fei Peng ,&nbsp;Heran Jia ,&nbsp;Zeang Zhao ,&nbsp;Panding Wang ,&nbsp;Shengyu Duan ,&nbsp;Hongshuai Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has advanced the development of heat exchangers based on Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS). Although TPMS-based heat exchangers enhanced heat transfer capabilities, designing engineering special-shaped heat exchangers that conform to AM process constraints required reducing supports and preventing leakage. This paper proposed a novel conformal filling method to design special-shaped TPMS heat exchangers, which improved fragmentation and leakage by locally altering the cell shape. The study investigated ten different structures based on tubes, Gyroid, Schwarz-D, I-WP, and Primitive and each filled in various orientations. The effects of design parameters of TPMS heat exchangers were investigated through numerical and experimental studies. How controlling the shape and manufacturing parameters during the fabrication process was investigated to ensure the designed structure would not leak. Different TPMS metal heat exchangers, fabricated by AlSi10Mg powder using Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), were evaluated by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to verify the completeness of the heat exchanger channels. Results showed that the method improved the heat transfer efficiency by enhancing the flow uniformity. Conformal I-WP structure achieved a twice increase and Primitive structure enhanced by three times. This method benefits the manufacturing and heat exchange capabilities of AM heat exchangers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143869476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Principles of Thermoelectric-Microchannel Hybrid Cooling Modules for Hotspot Thermal Management","authors":"Yuqing Wei ,&nbsp;Yifan Lei ,&nbsp;Yuhan Yao ,&nbsp;Ronggui Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hotspot thermal management is crucial for microprocessors, radial-frequency electronics, and power electronics. Hybrid cooling combining thermoelectrics and microchannels (TEC-MC) offers an effective solution for active and precise temperature control. This work develops an analytical model for predicting the heat flux, hotspot temperatures, and coefficient of performance (<span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>) of TEC-MC hybrid coolers, by treating thermoelectrics as an adjustable thermal resistor. The model incorporates heat spreading resistances to account for both the in-plane and the cross-plane heat conduction from the hotspot, enabling computation of hotspot temperatures four orders of magnitude faster than three-dimensional finite element simulations. Our method can be seamlessly interfaced with multi-objective optimization algorithms for the co-design of TEC and MC. Results revealed intricate correlations among different parameters. An optimal thickness of thermoelectric legs is identified which scales linearly with the filling ratio of TEC when optimizing the cooling power. On the other hand, thinner thermoelectric legs are favored when optimizing <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, as the heat transfer performance of the MC heat sink improves, the reduced hot-side temperature of the TEC allows for a further decrease in TEC thickness, leading to higher <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>. Finally, the Pareto front is identified to quantify the trade-offs between the maximum cooling power and the optimal <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>. We proposed a co-design workflow and showed that simultaneously decreasing the thickness of thermoelectric legs and the thermal resistance of the MC is pivotal for achieving both high cooling power and improved <span><math><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>P</mi></mrow></math></span>. This study offers a guideline for developing hybrid cooling systems for hotspot thermal management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127113"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical investigation of two-dimensional electro-thermo-hydrodynamic turbulence: Energy budget and scaling law analysis","authors":"Yifei Guan ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Mengqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In fluid systems involving heat and mass transfers, convection is a fundamental phenomenon, where the large-scale motion of a fluid is driven, for example, by a thermal gradient and/or an electric field. When the driving forces are large, the fluid system exhibits a chaotic behavior and even develops into turbulence. Modeling convection has given rise to the development of turbulence theory and energetic analysis for multi-physics systems. However, most of previous works have been limited to relatively simple thermal convection phenomena driven by solely buoyancy force. In this work, we formulate the energetic relation of the turbulent electro-thermo-hydrodynamic (ETHD) convection and develop a two-dimensional (2D) spectral solver for numerical analysis of ETHD turbulence for a variety of driving parameters (forces). From the numerical analysis, we find a modified scaling behavior of heat transfer by the electric force, and discover a new scaling behavior of the portion of kinetic energy contributed by buoyancy force as a function of a dimensionless forcing ratio. Finally, we show that the energy budget in the boundary layer of the 2D ETHD turbulence follows the scaling law previously found for the traditional 2D Rayleigh–Bénard Convection. This work marks the first step into energy budget and scaling law analysis of ETHD systems and significantly improve our understanding turbulent convection driven by both thermal and electric forces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 127094"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}