Ruixue Yang , Chengcheng Fan , Bo Li , Chengbin Zhang , Yongping Chen
{"title":"Role of hypergravity in minichannel flow boiling","authors":"Ruixue Yang , Chengcheng Fan , Bo Li , Chengbin Zhang , Yongping Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The minichannel boiling in a pumped two-phase fluid loop is an efficient thermal management for modern fighter jets in hypergravity environment. A variable-speed rotating platform is constructed to simulate the hypergravity environment. An experiment of the mechanically pumped two-phase fluid loop is conducted to investigate the flow boiling characteristics of minichannel evaporator under hypergravity conditions, with a focus on the centripetal and centrifugal radial flow modes. In addition, the dynamic heat transfer performance of the evaporator under centrifugal and centripetal flow modes is quantitatively evaluated by the average wall temperature, heat transfer coefficient, critical hypergravity acceleration. The results indicate that, the role of hypergravity in minichannel flow boiling in centripetal flow mode differs from that in the centrifugal flow mode. In the centripetal flow mode, the wall temperature of minichannel evaporator exhibits the \"L\"-shaped trend with respective to the hyper-gravitational acceleration, suggesting that hyper-gravitational acceleration contributes to heat transfer enhancement. In the centrifugal flow mode, an increase in hyper-gravitational acceleration leads to an overall \"V\"-shaped trend in the wall temperature of evaporator, indicating that there is optimum boiling performance at an appropriate hyper-gravitational acceleration. In addition, the critical hypergravity acceleration increases as the rise of flow rate in the centrifugal flow mode, no critical hypergravity acceleration is observed in the centripetal flow mode.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126429"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenzhen Liu , Yibin Bao , Baohuan Li , Peizhao Lyu , Xinjian Liu , Zhonghao Rao
{"title":"Experimental study on heat transfer enhancement and flow performance of microencapsulated phase change slurry in microchannel with different rib structures","authors":"Chenzhen Liu , Yibin Bao , Baohuan Li , Peizhao Lyu , Xinjian Liu , Zhonghao Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microencapsulated phase change slurry (MPCS), with higher phase change latent heat, promises to be an effective new working fluid for microchannel cold plates. In this study, an experimental platform was established to investigate the heat transfer and flow characteristics of MPCS in microchannel cold plates with different rib structures. The wall temperature, convective heat transfer, and pressure drop characteristics of water and MPCS with different mass concentrations at various inlet temperatures and flow rates in straight rib microchannel structures were investigated and at an inlet temperature of 29 °C, 5 wt% MPCS in straight rib microchannels significantly reduced the overall temperature difference between the wall and the inlet, with the convective heat transfer performance improving by up to 8 % compared to water. And the pressure drop characteristics of MPCS exhibited a regular pattern with temperature variation. Additionally, the heat transfer and flow characteristics of MPCS and water were studied in three different microchannel structures: straight ribs, staggered pin fins, and non-staggered pin fins. The comprehensive performance of 5 wt% MPCS in the staggered pin-fin microchannel improved by up to 26 % compared to the straight rib microchannel. This study provides theoretical insights into the heat transfer and flow characteristics of MPCS in microchannels, offering valuable support for the design of microchannel heat exchangers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126437"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Long Chen , Chenyang Zhu , Yeqin Shen , Zhanqiang Liu , Qinghua Song
{"title":"Heat transfer performance investigation on two-dimensional aligned GO/EP composites","authors":"Long Chen , Chenyang Zhu , Yeqin Shen , Zhanqiang Liu , Qinghua Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-altitude aircraft are susceptible to icing due to supercooled droplets, which can compromise flight safety. To address this, a novel approach was taken by leveraging electromagnetic field coupling to synthesize two-dimensional aligned graphene oxide/epoxy resin (GO/EP) composites. The thermal conductivity was significantly enhanced by 5 % over non-aligned GO/EP composites and by 5.7 % over pure EP, thereby improving the efficiency of electric heating de-icing systems. A mathematical heat transfer model was developed for the two-dimensional aligned GO/EP composite, based on the principles of thermal resistance and equivalent thermal conductivity, an optimized effective medium theory heat transfer model for GO/EP was established by introducing the parameter \"m\", which effectively predicting the thermal conductivity of composites. Both experimental and simulation studies confirmed a notable increase in thermal conductivity. The effective heat transfer path length within the aligned GO/EP composite was calculated to be 41.4 % longer than in the non-aligned version, indicating a more efficient heat conduction pathway. The research demonstrates that the integration of graphene oxide into epoxy resin creates thermally conductive channels, boosting heat transfer efficiency. The alignment of two-dimensional GO channels optimizes thermal conductivity without the need for increased doping, presenting a solution for high thermal conductivity composites in anti-/deicing applications. This innovation is expected to have implications for the future of aircraft de-icing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126427"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Wang , Xiaoxia Sun , Tingwei Zhang , Chen Ding , Fuifang Kang , Shen Liang , Lili Shen , Xinglong Ma
{"title":"Effect of altitude on heat transfer performance of full-scale metal foam heat exchangers produced by additive manufacturing","authors":"Yifan Wang , Xiaoxia Sun , Tingwei Zhang , Chen Ding , Fuifang Kang , Shen Liang , Lili Shen , Xinglong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing altitude negatively impacts heat exchangers efficiency, limiting vehicle power and system performance. To address this, enhancing heat exchangers performance and compactness is crucial. Metal foam, with its high porosity and large specific surface area, is ideal for cooling fins in automotive heat exchangers. This study used laser additive manufacturing with 6061 aluminum powder to fabricate two Kelvin open-cell metal foam heat exchangers: a double-layer (DKHE) and a three-layer (TKHE) structure, both measuring 80 mm × 270 mm × 210 mm. Performance was assessed in a plateau simulation chamber across altitudes from 0 m to 4500 m. Results showed that at a gas flow rate of 1500m³/h at 0 m, the overall heat transfer coefficients for TKHE and DKHE were 1625 W/m<sup>2</sup>·K and 1301.7 W/m<sup>2</sup>·K, respectively. At 4500 m, these values dropped by 47.7% and 37.2%, respectively. Pressure drops also decreased by 40% and 39.2%, respectively. The area goodness factor indicated TKHE's superior performance. Additionally, permeability <em>K</em> and inertia coefficient <em>f<sub>i</sub></em>, both increasing with altitude, were 36% and 104% higher for TKHE than DKHE. This research applies additive manufacturing for heat exchangers manufacturing which avoids the degradation of heat exchangers performance due to contact thermal resistance. Addressing the performance data gap for metal foam heat exchangers in plateau regions and laying the foundation for future design improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126424"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Close-contact melting enhancement mechanisms in space-constrained and large-space containers","authors":"Yongping Huang , Peng Huang , Cheng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the critical challenge of low latent heat storage efficiency, this work explores the performance gains of efficient close-contact melting (CCM) compared to traditional constrained melting (CM) in different containers. A novel CCM model based on the quasi-steady-state method is developed and experimentally validated. The comprehensive performance of CM and CCM in space-constrained containers (SCCs) and large-space containers (LSCs) is compared, and the influence of aspect ratio and heat flux density on the performance differences between the two melting modes is investigated. The study indicates that the performance of CM depends on the competition between conduction attenuation and natural convection enhancement, whereas mixed convection in CCM weakens convective heat transfer, with performance primarily dictated by the heat conduction of the thin molten layer. Based on the ranking of the reduction in melting duration of CCM relative to CM, containers with different spatial structures are ordered as follows: LSC (33.8 %) > vertical SCC (17.3 %) >horizontal SCC (3 %). As the aspect ratio approaches 1, the increase in melting rate and thermal homogeneity of CCM relative to CM becomes more significant. For situations where the aspect ratio deviates from 1, the enhancement gain of CCM over CM is greater in vertical SCCs than in horizontal SCCs. Additionally, increased heat flux density weakens the performance enhancement advantage of CCM over CM, especially in horizontal SCCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126408"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengwei Ye , Lin Song , Yun Wang , Ying Yang , Ruibo Jin , Jiayao Jiang , Haiyan Tao , Jingquan Lin
{"title":"Femtosecond laser-based construction of 3D spatially distributed graphene oxide surface for enhancing boiling heat transfer","authors":"Fengwei Ye , Lin Song , Yun Wang , Ying Yang , Ruibo Jin , Jiayao Jiang , Haiyan Tao , Jingquan Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the difficulties of ultrahigh heat flux transfer in energy and ultra-high heat dissipation applications, pool boiling has been utilized in various extreme heat transfer fields owing to the benefits of high heat flux dissipation. Although graphene-based planar nanocoating with superior in-plane thermal conductivity are employed to enhance heat transfer performance in pool boiling, further improvement of boiling characteristics remains challenging due to the limited and difficult-to-control optimizable factors, such as nanoroughness and wettability. In this work, utilizing a femtosecond laser, a copper substrate with a three-dimensional microstructure topography has been predesigned and fabricated to construct three-dimensional spatially distributed graphene oxide nanocoating surface (3DSD-GO) as a new heat enhancement-optimization strategy in order to obtain a new heat transfer enhancement factor. 3DSD-GO introduces adaptive heat conduction–regional liquid supply mechanism that can adaptively adjust the heat dissipation mode according to the heat distribution of boiling surface to achieve the synergy enhancement of convective heat transfer and phase-change heat transfer. Therefore, 3DSD-GO delays the trigger of the critical heat flux while ensuring the improvement of heat transfer coefficient during nucleate boiling. Additionality, owing to the flexibility of femtosecond laser, GO nanocoating can be formed at a variety of microstructures having different topography and obtain different 3DSD-GO to improve heat transfer performance. Overall, the findings in this work provide a remarkable insight toward breaking the heat transfer limit of graphene-based nanocoating and can be applied in extreme heat transfer fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126405"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical study for one-dimensional non-isothermal transport of organic contaminant in the three-layer composite liner containing a defective geomembrane","authors":"Wenhao Jiang , Jiangshan Li , Shangqi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The non-isothermal case in bottom composite liners not only induces thermal diffusion behavior, but also alters transport parameters. To date, however, limited work has been done on this topic. The present research constructs a model for one-dimensional non-isothermal transport of organic contaminant in the three-layer composite liner containing a defective geomembrane (GMB), which for the first time systematically includes the impacts of temperature-dependent transport parameters, and also considers the multiple transport mechanisms. The developed model is then solved via finite difference, and its rightness is well-proven through comparisons with the two experiment results and the other calculation approaches. After that, the numerical analysis shows that the temperature-dependent transport parameters exert a combined effect on the transport process, in which changes in diffusion coefficients and hydraulic conductivities with temperature remarkably accelerate the transport rate, whereas such a change for distribution coefficients leads to an opposite trend. The barrier performance assessment suggests that the growth of temperature difference in the composite liner, as well as the GMB defects density, reduces the defined breakthrough time (<span><math><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math></span>) and increases the bottom transport flux. Moreover, 1 cm geosynthetic clay liner is noticed to extend <span><math><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math></span> by approximately 2.23 years, while 0.1 m compacted clay liner yields the increment of <span><math><msub><mi>t</mi><mi>b</mi></msub></math></span> by about 12.1 years. These findings contribute to the reasonable evaluation of bottom composite liners’ barrier performance at a non-isothermal environment, which could provide guidance for optimizing their engineering design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126417"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhupinder Singh , Samuel Hefford , Enrique Sanchez-Perez , Michael Barter , Daniel R. Slocombe , Serena A. Cussen , Georgios Dimitrakis
{"title":"A novel method for fast and efficient numerical simulation of microwave heating in liquids during mixing","authors":"Bhupinder Singh , Samuel Hefford , Enrique Sanchez-Perez , Michael Barter , Daniel R. Slocombe , Serena A. Cussen , Georgios Dimitrakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microwave-assisted chemical reactions present potentially more sustainable routes for process intensification compared with traditional approaches, due to the reduction of reaction times, temperatures, and side reactions. Despite the common misconception that microwave heating is uniform, many processes can be expected to show temperature distributions that vary significantly over the volume, even at length scales far below the operating wavelength. Numerical methods are often employed in the design and optimization phase of a given process, however, due to the multitude of interdependent physics required; the fast and efficient modelling of microwave heating in liquids remains a significant challenge, particularly with respect to computational resources. Here, we report a new multi-physics simulation methodology that models microwave heating of liquids during agitation, requiring less computational resources and delivering temperature predictions within 2.78 % of relative root mean square error. By applying the frozen rotor approach, near-perfect temperature profiles are predicted at approximately 600 times faster convergence time compared to the conventional sliding mesh method. Our proposed model can be used to mimic real reaction systems in a fast and resource-efficient way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126425"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shao-Wei Wu , Rui Yang , Rui-Ping Niu , Li-Xiong Cao , Xin Liu , De-Tao Wan , Gui-Rong Liu
{"title":"A novel formulation for heat conduction using non-convex meshes based on smoothed finite element method","authors":"Shao-Wei Wu , Rui Yang , Rui-Ping Niu , Li-Xiong Cao , Xin Liu , De-Tao Wan , Gui-Rong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel formulation for non-convex polygon mesh based on cell-based smoothed finite element method (CS-FEM) is presented for analyzing heat conduction. The major ingredient of this article include: 1) An inverse coordinate mapping method is proposed by using arbitrary polygons of shapes such as \"dog\", \"bird\", \"cow\" obtained from images to discretize the problem domain; 2) The Ear clipping triangulation technique is used to construct a triangular smoothing domain consisting only of field nodes; 3) The element integral is transformed into the boundary integral of triangular smoothing domain, thereby achieving temperature gradient smoothing operation, using the gradient smoothing technique, Well behaved smoothed stiffness matrix is achieved through the gradient smoothing technique of S-FEM in concave polygon elements without the need to construct additional stability terms. Based on the weakened weak form theory, the discretized system equations of heat conduction problem are established, which a symmetric and well-conditioned. The efficacy and robustness of the proposed method has been has been demonstrated through a number of benchmark examples including multi-material systems. It can effectively solve heat conduction problems using concave polygon elements, allowing materials with complex configuration being effectively modeled.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126310"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Alternating conduction and convection drying of paper – an experimental analysis with a continuous data acquisition approach","authors":"Koushik Sampath, Huajiang Huang, Shri Ramaswamy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2024.126400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In conventional multi-cylinder drying of paper and board, both conductive drying from steam-heated dryer cylinders and convective drying by flowing air over the paper surface in the pockets are used. Conductive drying from steam-heated drying cylinders is a critical component in providing the necessary thermal energy to paper and board as they dry. Steam temperature and internal and external resistances at the contacting surface are critical process parameters influencing the conductive drying process. An experimental setup was developed to study the alternating conductive and convective drying of paper and board. Paper sheet moisture, temperature, and temperature distribution within the heated platen and the instantaneous heat flux as the sheet was being dried were measured. The instantaneous heat flux, contact heat transfer coefficient, and drying rates were determined as drying proceeds. Experimental results, as well as comparisons to literature and commercial data, are presented. The conductive heat transfer coefficients determined were compared to traditional correlations normally used in the modeling of paper drying. Similarly, the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients are also determined and compared to literature data. In addition to the evaluation of alternating conductive and convective drying characteristics of paper and board, the potential inclusion of auxiliary energy components will also be included. Experimental results from the conduction and convection drying system are presented. This data will be useful in process development, intensification of manufacturing processes, and modeling and simulation of paper drying processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 126400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}