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Resettlement for conservation: Assessing health and social security challenges in Nepal's biodiverse regions 为保护而重新安置:评估尼泊尔生物多样性地区的健康和社会安全挑战
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006
Hari Prasad Pandey , Tek Narayan Maraseni , Armando Apan
{"title":"Resettlement for conservation: Assessing health and social security challenges in Nepal's biodiverse regions","authors":"Hari Prasad Pandey ,&nbsp;Tek Narayan Maraseni ,&nbsp;Armando Apan","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation-driven displacement remains a contentious issue, raising concerns about balancing biodiversity protection with resettlers' health and social security. This study examines the impacts of ecological resettlement (ER) on communities displaced from 11 villages in Nepal's Terai Arc Landscape (TAL), a biodiverse region with six protected areas, three Ramsar sites, and two World Heritage Sites. Grounded in social security theories, it explores five key themes: individual and community protection, social relationships, income and education, healthcare access, and subsistence-based food production. Data from 215 randomly sampled households (10 % sampling intensity), 11 focus groups, 30 key informant interviews, field observations, and policy reviews were analyzed using general linear models and descriptive statistics. Findings show significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) in health and social security experiences, with agriculture-dependent households, elderly individuals, ethnic communities, and women disproportionately affected. The first five years post-resettlement saw severe disruptions, with gradual improvements over time, driven more by political ecology, globalization, and development trends than by resettlement agency support. However, Indigenous communities face persistent challenges, including loss of food security, weakened social ties, and barriers to indigenous healthcare. Resettlement disrupts traditional, nature-based healing practices, hindering the intergenerational transfer of knowledge. These issues are further exacerbated by global development pressures. This study calls for the mandatory establishment of essential health and social security services before resettlement, ensuring resettlers representation in decision-making. Integrating on-site livelihood strategies into social security frameworks is crucial for sustainable well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 247-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced machine learning models for accurate breast cancer mammogram classification 增强的机器学习模型用于准确的乳腺癌乳房x光片分类
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007
Kiran Puttegowda , Veeraprathap V , H.S. Ranjan Kumar , K.V. Sudheesh , K. Prabhavathi , Ravi Vinayakumar , Kayalvily Tabianan
{"title":"Enhanced machine learning models for accurate breast cancer mammogram classification","authors":"Kiran Puttegowda ,&nbsp;Veeraprathap V ,&nbsp;H.S. Ranjan Kumar ,&nbsp;K.V. Sudheesh ,&nbsp;K. Prabhavathi ,&nbsp;Ravi Vinayakumar ,&nbsp;Kayalvily Tabianan","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer has now become the leading cancer type in Indian urban regions surpassing cervical cancer. The imperfect nature of current diagnostic techniques calls for more dependable assessment methods because new automated diagnostic systems do not totally eliminate imperfections. The research of Indian breast cancer datasets remains lower than international platforms owing to distinctive features of breast density, texture, lesion size and composition between these populations. The research develops automated breast cancer detection algorithms for Indian breast types that incorporate metadata to enhance system accuracy in medical diagnosis. We created machine learning algorithms for mammography imaging as part of a development process optimized for Indian breast cancer features. Our top-performing individual model achieved an AUC of 0.95 per image. When integrating four models, the AUC increased to 0.98, with independent test set results from the INbreast database showing 86.7 % sensitivity and 96.1 % specificity. These findings highlight deep learning's potential to enhance mammographic assessment by improving diagnostic accuracy, reducing false errors, and optimizing clinical practice in breast cancer detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 276-295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temporal socio-economic inequalities in the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among under-five Children: An analysis of within- and between-group disparities in 20 sub-Saharan African countries (2004–2024) 五岁以下儿童营养不良双重负担中的时间社会经济不平等:对20个撒哈拉以南非洲国家群体内和群体间差异的分析(2004-2024)
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.008
Akim Tafadzwa Lukwa , Denis Okova , Paidamoyo Bodzo , Sikelela Charles Maseko , Melisa Bhebe , Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu , Abodunrin Olunike , Emmanuella Nzeribe , Aggrey Siya , Admire Nyabunze , Charles Hongoro , Plaxcedes Chiwire
{"title":"Temporal socio-economic inequalities in the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) among under-five Children: An analysis of within- and between-group disparities in 20 sub-Saharan African countries (2004–2024)","authors":"Akim Tafadzwa Lukwa ,&nbsp;Denis Okova ,&nbsp;Paidamoyo Bodzo ,&nbsp;Sikelela Charles Maseko ,&nbsp;Melisa Bhebe ,&nbsp;Folahanmi Tomiwa Akinsolu ,&nbsp;Abodunrin Olunike ,&nbsp;Emmanuella Nzeribe ,&nbsp;Aggrey Siya ,&nbsp;Admire Nyabunze ,&nbsp;Charles Hongoro ,&nbsp;Plaxcedes Chiwire","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) in sub-Saharan Africa is a pressing public health issue, particularly among children under five years old. DBM encompasses both undernutrition (stunting) and overnutrition (overweight) within the same population, often shaped by socio-economic disparities. Addressing DBM in early childhood is vital, as malnutrition can lead to long-term health, cognitive, and developmental challenges.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) across 20 sub-Saharan African countries, this study examines temporal socio-economic inequalities in DBM. Countries include Zimbabwe, Kenya, Nigeria, and Mozambique, among others. DBM was defined using anthropometric measures, while socio-economic status (SES) was categorized as poor, middle, or rich. Temporal trends were analyzed, and inequalities were quantified using Erreygers Normalized Concentration Indices (ENCI) and Theil indices to explore within- and between-group disparities by SES and urban/rural residence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DBM prevalence across countries ranged from 0.2 % to 4.6 %. Declines were noted in Zimbabwe and Kenya. Socio-economic inequalities were significant, with overnutrition increasingly concentrated in wealthier households, while undernutrition remained prevalent among poorer populations. Theil index analyses revealed within-group disparities as the primary drivers of overall inequality, particularly in urban wealthier populations, though rural and low-SES groups also contributed significantly in countries like Senegal and Mali.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DBM is still present in sub-Saharan Africa and is driven by socio-economic inequalities. Targeted interventions focusing on improving access to nutritious food, healthcare, and education for vulnerable populations, particularly in rural and low-SES groups, are essential to reduce malnutrition disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 262-275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144169789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reimagining carbon border adjustment mechanisms: A path to climate and development synergy 重新构想碳边界调整机制:一条气候与发展协同的道路
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.03.003
Thang Nam Do
{"title":"Reimagining carbon border adjustment mechanisms: A path to climate and development synergy","authors":"Thang Nam Do","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European Union (EU)'s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) imposes import charges tied to carbon intensity and is set for full enforcement by 2026. Although it aims to reduce global emissions, its one-size-fits-all structure risks penalizing developing nations that often lack financial and technical resources for rapid decarbonization. This article presents “CBAM-Plus,” a framework that reinvests CBAM revenues in clean energy infrastructure, facilitates technology transfer, and recognizes non-pricing mitigation strategies. By bridging capacity gaps and channeling funds toward local development, CBAM-Plus seeks to promote decarbonization without reinforcing global inequities. As additional countries consider carbon border policies, measures that align climate objectives with development priorities are vital to preventing a new global carbon divide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 144-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143684673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The new generation of cosmetics packaging: A paradigm shift 新一代化妆品包装:模式转变
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.004
Abeer Omira , Soumaya Grira , Abdel-Hamid I. Mourad , Mohammad Alkhedher
{"title":"The new generation of cosmetics packaging: A paradigm shift","authors":"Abeer Omira ,&nbsp;Soumaya Grira ,&nbsp;Abdel-Hamid I. Mourad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alkhedher","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing environmental and health concerns surrounding conventional cosmetic packaging demand urgent attention. This work proposes a paradigm shift in cosmetic packaging by introducing the concept of “The New Generation of Cosmetics Packaging,” which focuses on sustainable and biodegradable alternatives. The review outlines a structured approach, presenting a framework that explores promising materials such as wood plastic composites (WPC), polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and cellulose-based materials. It further investigates processing and testing methods, along with innovative solutions like nanotechnology, 3D printing, and edible packaging. Additionally, it highlights the challenges that must be addressed for successful transition, and the policies that should be taken into consideration. The outcomes of this work confirm the importance of adopting a New Generation of Cosmetic Packaging to overcome the drawbacks of conventional packaging. The proposed paradigm shift provides a forward-looking pathway and proposes a coordinated approach from industry, policy-makers, and consumers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 223-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in household case-contact study: Biological sample analysis from India 家庭病例接触研究中的SARS-CoV-2感染动态:来自印度的生物样本分析
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.002
Aswathy Sreedevi , Ahmad Mohammad , Mini Satheesh , Anuja Ushakumari , Anil Kumar , Raveendran Geetha , Saritha Narayankutty , Neethu Valsala Mohan , Ajay Aparna , Neeraj Mohandas , Brilly Rose , Gopakumar Soumya , Sachin David , Vishnu Menon , Jaideep C Menon
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 infection dynamics in household case-contact study: Biological sample analysis from India","authors":"Aswathy Sreedevi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Mohammad ,&nbsp;Mini Satheesh ,&nbsp;Anuja Ushakumari ,&nbsp;Anil Kumar ,&nbsp;Raveendran Geetha ,&nbsp;Saritha Narayankutty ,&nbsp;Neethu Valsala Mohan ,&nbsp;Ajay Aparna ,&nbsp;Neeraj Mohandas ,&nbsp;Brilly Rose ,&nbsp;Gopakumar Soumya ,&nbsp;Sachin David ,&nbsp;Vishnu Menon ,&nbsp;Jaideep C Menon","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to determine RNA positivity in nasopharyngeal samples, urine and stool, period to seropositivity, viral clearance and associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cohort study was conducted multicentrically in Kerala, India, among 147 SARS-CoV-2 patients and 347 household contacts. Serial nasopharyngeal swabs, feces, urine, and serum samples were collected on days 1, 7, 14, and 28. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with RNA positivity, viral clearance and seropositivity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the index cases, median duration for respiratory samples to test negative was 10.5, 7 days in &lt;18 and &gt; 18 years respectively. The median period of RNA detection in feces was longer at 14 days (IQR 7, 28). The independent determinants of RT-PCR negativity of nasopharyngeal samples at &gt;7 days was fever a OR 3.3 (95 % CI 1.1, 10.5). In the multivariable analysis for antibody response, those with less than or equal to 12 years of schooling had five times higher risk of being seronegative [aOR 5.2 (95 % CI 1.6, 16.7)]. Shedding of the virus in stool was more common among those aged &lt;40 years (a OR 2.8, 95 % CI 1.2, 6.4) and among those who had fever (a OR 3.4, 95 % CI 1.1, 10.8). Among the contacts the seropositivity was determined by being illiterate 1.8 (95 % CI 1.1, 3.2), and reporting any symptom from day 1–14 aOR 3.2 (95 % CI 1.9, 5.2).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The shorter duration of RNA positivity in respiratory samples and viral shedding in stool has implications for managing infection control and monitoring in diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interplay between poverty, poverty eradication and sustainable development: A semi-systematic literature review 贫困、消除贫困与可持续发展之间的相互作用:半系统的文献综述
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.001
Affandi , Yunastiti Purwaningsih , Lukman Hakim , Tri Mulyaningsih
{"title":"Interplay between poverty, poverty eradication and sustainable development: A semi-systematic literature review","authors":"Affandi ,&nbsp;Yunastiti Purwaningsih ,&nbsp;Lukman Hakim ,&nbsp;Tri Mulyaningsih","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purposes</h3><div>This research aims to identify the most appropriate analytical tools for future poverty and sustainable development analysis, whether quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods. It also aims to determine the factors influencing poverty, which can be categorized into several groups.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used Semi-Literature Review (SLR) to review articles published in online scientific databases from Google Scholar and Sciendirect.com from 2008 to 2024. It selected 149 papers that passed the identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion process. The selected articles were discussed using two approaches: quantitative with the help of the VOSviewer application and qualitative analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The analytic tools recommended for further research are qualitative methods, mainly in-depth interviews with focus group discussions with relevant parties; quantitative methods, including multilevel logistic analysis models and spatial analysis; and a mixed methods approach using a grounded theory approach. The causes of poverty are not only related to the economy or income. The findings show that a multidimensional approach to poverty is essential to address it and promote sustainable development effectively. Seven dimensions affect poverty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To assess poverty alleviation and achieve sustainable development, a holistic, multidimensional approach combines capabilities, institutions, and sustainability. Some multidimensional factors that need to be studied to see their influence on poverty and sustainable development are energy accessibility, the type of human capital needed, care among fellow social beings, the role of government in providing infrastructure for the community, and the role of financial institutions in empowering low-income communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142742938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Longitudinal associations between living alone, childlessness and mental health and mortality in ageing adults in Thailand 泰国老年人独居、无子女与心理健康和死亡率之间的纵向关系
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.001
Supa Pengpid , Karl Peltzer , Dararatt Anantanasuwong , Wasin Kaewchankha
{"title":"Longitudinal associations between living alone, childlessness and mental health and mortality in ageing adults in Thailand","authors":"Supa Pengpid ,&nbsp;Karl Peltzer ,&nbsp;Dararatt Anantanasuwong ,&nbsp;Wasin Kaewchankha","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationships between living alone, being childless, and six mental health indicators and mortality in older adults in Thailand between 2015 and 2020.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We examined prospective cohort data from the Health, Aging and Retirement in Thailand (HART) study, which included participants 45 years of age and older (N = 2863) from three successive waves in 2015, 2017, and 2020. Mental health indicators were assessed by self-report. We used Generalized Estimating Equations analysis (GEE) to evaluate the longitudinal relationships between measures of living alone, childlessness and six mental health indicators and mortality.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The proportion of living alone was 6.3 % and childlessness 9.9 % in 2015, while living alone only was 3.9 %, childlessness only 7.5 % and both living alone and childlessness 2.4 % in 2015. In the adjusted model, living alone only was among men positively associated with depressive symptoms, loneliness, poor quality of life and mortality, and among women only positively associated with poor quality of life. Childlessness only was among women positively associated with depressive symptoms, insomnia symptoms, loneliness, poor quality of life, poor self-rated mental health, and mortality, and among men with depressive symptoms, loneliness, poor quality of life and poor self-rated mental health. Both living alone and childlessness was among men associated with four mental health indicators (depressive symptoms, insomnia symptoms, loneliness, and poor quality of life), and among women two mental health indicators (loneliness and poor quality of life), all with higher odds ratios than in living alone only and childlessness only.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Living alone only, childlessness only and/or both living alone and childlessness were associated with several poor mental health indicators and/or mortality. Enhanced screening and management of living alone and being childless may improve mental health in Thailand.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 145-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589791824000082/pdfft?md5=88e32601337a7427a55a5ced090951d9&pid=1-s2.0-S2589791824000082-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141323022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health for all: Primary care facility localization in Lesotho using qualitative research and GIS 人人享有健康:利用定性研究和地理信息系统实现莱索托初级保健设施的本地化
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2024.05.002
Mariam A. Mostafa , Joy Oluwaseun Ogunmuyiwa , Kathryne Appleby Tenney , Sai Lone Tip , CarlosO. Zegarra Zamalloa , Jeffery C. Blossom , Tlebere Mpo
{"title":"Health for all: Primary care facility localization in Lesotho using qualitative research and GIS","authors":"Mariam A. Mostafa ,&nbsp;Joy Oluwaseun Ogunmuyiwa ,&nbsp;Kathryne Appleby Tenney ,&nbsp;Sai Lone Tip ,&nbsp;CarlosO. Zegarra Zamalloa ,&nbsp;Jeffery C. Blossom ,&nbsp;Tlebere Mpo","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glt.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lesotho has made significant strides towards universal health coverage and yet a significant proportion of the population has difficulty accessing health care services due to mountainous terrain and long travel times to nearest health facility. There have been previous studies that utilized Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to assess access to healthcare and to identify optimal locations for placement of new health facilities, though never in Lesotho.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The authors employed a mixed-methods design. Qualitative research consisting of semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions was used to gain a deep understanding of the problem with access to healthcare and to allow for the perspectives of the people of Lesotho to guide decision-making about placement of new healthcare facilities. GIS analysis was done using ArcGIS Pro v. 2.3 software and modern satellite imagery to map current access to healthcare facilities and create site recommendations for new healthcare facilities.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Qualitative research revealed that walking was the primary mode of transport to healthcare facilities and that distance was the crucial barrier in limiting access to care. Decentralization in decision-making was identified as an important element in health policy decisions and study participants recommended placing health facilities centrally in large villages. GIS analysis identified that 77.7 % of the population was currently within 3-h walking distance to nearest health facility and that the addition of fifty new healthcare facilities would increase that proportion to 90.0 %.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study mapped current access to care in Lesotho in rural and urban areas. It also provided an objective strategy for identifying the location of new healthcare facilities while incorporating the voices of the people of Lesotho in the process. The findings can be used to assist policymakers, and the methodology can be employed in the allocation of other public-service facilities in different countries or regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 123-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589791824000069/pdfft?md5=bffbf6d9e77522fa78734b32b26ca207&pid=1-s2.0-S2589791824000069-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distribution matters: Long-term quantification of the Sustainable Development Goals with household detail for different socio-economic pathways 分配问题:可持续发展目标的长期量化与不同社会经济路径下的家庭细节
Global Transitions Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.004
Rienne Wilts, Wolfgang Britz
{"title":"Distribution matters: Long-term quantification of the Sustainable Development Goals with household detail for different socio-economic pathways","authors":"Rienne Wilts,&nbsp;Wolfgang Britz","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glt.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Knowledge about upcoming sustainability challenges is crucial to tackle them by political incentives, not at least to reach the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). SDGs are multi-dimensional and require detail beyond an aggregate household approach to assess income inequality and other differences across households in transformative processes. Incorporating these aspects, we develop an SDG indicator framework for dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Models with a total of 68 endogenous indicators related to 15 SDGs. This enables a more differentiated assessment of the SDGs in forward looking analysis compared to existing approaches, by considering additional SDG indicators and household level detail based on micro-simulation. We apply the indicator framework in a global analysis of 3 Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) until 2050 with a focus on selected low- and lower-middle income countries from different continents. The analysis finds sustainability gaps by 2030 and 2050 for all focus countries, especially in the environmental domain. In none of the analyzed SSPs, all indicators develop in the desired direction, underlining trade-off among and within SDGs, but also across the SSPs. Based on household detail, we find increasing inequality over time for several indicators regardless of developments at average aggregate household level, pointing at the need for targeted redistribution and compensation policies. These results highlight the importance of including distributional aspects and disaggregated data in policy and socioeconomic development studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 173-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589791824000112/pdfft?md5=cb4893678bc80104f0374a176a8c0c21&pid=1-s2.0-S2589791824000112-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141541037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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