Global Transitions最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the impact of sustainability risks on disaster and pandemic vulnerabilities: A global perspective","authors":"Abroon Qazi ,&nbsp;Linda C. Angell ,&nbsp;Mecit Can Emre Simsekler ,&nbsp;Abdelkader Daghfous ,&nbsp;M.K.S. Al-Mhdawi","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the impact of failing to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on disaster and pandemic vulnerabilities, providing a country-level perspective to inform resilience planning. The study introduces the concept of SDG-related risk, defined as the probability of not achieving the desired SDG, and classifies these risks into three categories: high, medium, and low. Using a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) framework, two probabilistic models are developed to evaluate the influence of SDG performance on disaster risk and COVID-19 vulnerability across 165 countries. The results highlight that shortcomings in SDGs such as ‘quality education’, ‘sustainable cities and communities’, ‘no poverty’, and ‘affordable and clean energy’ significantly increase disaster and pandemic risks. Conversely, strong performance in ‘peace, justice and strong institutions’ and ‘life on land’ enhances systemic resilience. Countries with very high disaster risk are particularly exposed to deficiencies in SDGs related to ‘peace, justice and strong institutions’, ‘sustainable cities and communities’, and ‘good health and well-being’. For COVID-19 risk, ‘affordable and clean energy’ emerges as the most critical SDG influencing high-risk exposure, whereas ‘climate action’ is pivotal in predicting low-risk states. These findings demonstrate the cascading risks posed by failing to achieve critical SDGs and emphasize the need for targeted interventions to mitigate vulnerabilities to disasters and pandemics, providing actionable insights for sustainable resilience strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 159-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early sexual initiation among school youths in Metekel Zone, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Northwestern Ethiopia: Cross sectional study","authors":"Mulatu Agajie ,&nbsp;Tesfu Zewdu ,&nbsp;Muluwas Amentie Zelka","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Early sexual activity can have a substantial negative impact on adolescents and youths. Biological, psychological, socio-cultural, and economic factors put youths at high risk of initiating sexual intercourse at an early age. This study aimed to assess the level of early sexual initiation and associated factors among school youth in the Benishangul Gumuz region.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>School-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 4–15, 2022. A pretested and self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to determine the presence of a significant association between sexual initiation and independent variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 424 study subjects, 178 (43 %) had ever initiated sexual intercourse, of which 143 (80.3 %) had initiated before 18 years of age. Students who were in the age category of 15–19 years (AOR = 6.29; 95 % CI: 2.53, 15.63) and those who had multiple sexual partners (AOR = 5.08, 95 % CI = 2.00, 12.87) had higher odds of having early sexual initiation as compared with their counterpart. Similarly, students who consumed alcohol (AOR = 2.91, 95 % CI = 1.03, 8.17) and who had never used a condom during sexual intercourse (AOR = 3.09, 95 % CI = 1.22, 7.81) had a higher odd of initiating sexual intercourse at an early age as compared with their counterpart.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study revealed that there was high magnitude of early sexual intercourse in the region. Predictors were having multiple sexual partners, never used a condom, and drunk alcohol. Delaying age at sexual initiation is a strategy that needs to be incorporated into the curriculums of primary and secondary schools. Parents have also a moral duty and responsibility to educate their children on the impact and consequence of early sexual initiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the factors influencing the intention to use mHealth applications in resource scare settings; a SEM analysis among future nurses","authors":"Ramya Kundayi Ravi ,&nbsp;Atul Shiva ,&nbsp;Jaison Jacob ,&nbsp;Priya Baby ,&nbsp;Bharat Pareek ,&nbsp;Kathyayani B. V","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mobile health applications (mHealth apps) in the healthcare industry are rapidly expanding, offering new opportunities for improving healthcare delivery, accessibility, and patient outcomes. They transformed the way medical services are delivered, particularly in resource-scarce settings. The success of these applications largely depends on their acceptance and adoption by healthcare professionals, including nurses. Understanding the factors that influence the intention to use these technologies is essential for designing applications that effectively meet the needs of future healthcare providers. This study aims to empirically explore factors influencing the intention to use mHealth apps among nursing students. A quantitative, exploratory survey tested and validated using the PLS-SEM on a convenience sample of 567 students from two Indian institutes. Findings reveal that ease of use plays a central role in shaping students' willingness to adopt mHealth apps, with time efficiency emerging as a significant determinant. Students were more likely to use these apps when they seamlessly fit into their routines and enhanced their workflow. Social influences, including peer encouragement and institutional support, significantly shaped their attitudes toward adoption. Privacy and trust concerns also played a crucial role, as students expressed a need for secure platforms that protect sensitive health information while ensuring reliability. Additionally, affordability influenced how users perceived accessibility and usability, highlighting the need for cost-effective solutions. However, researchers found that demographic factors such as age, gender, and study year had minimal influence. The study findings emphasize Prioritizing usability, security, and affordability can enhance mHealth app adoption, particularly in resource-limited setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 199-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights on energy, poverty, and gender nexus in urban ger district households: A case study from Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia","authors":"Orgil Balgansuren ,&nbsp;Narumon Arunotai","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda calls for integrating gender equality in all aspects of sustainable development. Still, there is limited understanding of how energy, poverty, and gender intersect in urban areas, particularly in Ulaanbaatar's <em>ger</em> districts, one of the world's coldest and most polluted capitals. <em>Ger</em> districts are disadvantaged residential areas consisting of traditional felt tents or self-built houses. This study addresses this knowledge gap using an intersectional gender perspective to explore how energy and air pollution impact residents. The study collected data through interviews with thirty-one <em>ger</em> district residents of various ages, (dis)abilities, health statuses, and observations and analysis of secondary data. The findings show the impact of severe air pollution and inequities on low-income residents, older individuals, and those with disabilities or poor health. The study reveals that energy poverty disproportionately affects women, highlighting the role of gender norms. It calls for more inclusive energy and environmental policies, emphasizing women's involvement in policy design and implementation for greater justice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of an artificial intelligence (AI) -assisted chest x-ray diagnostic system for detecting, diagnosing, and monitoring tuberculosis","authors":"Lalita Kaewwilai ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Yoshioka ,&nbsp;Antoine Choppin ,&nbsp;Thepasit Prueksaritanond ,&nbsp;Thitisant Palakawong Na Ayuthaya ,&nbsp;Chantapat Brukesawan ,&nbsp;Somruetai Matupumanon ,&nbsp;Sho Kawabe ,&nbsp;Yuki Shimahara ,&nbsp;Arthit Phosri ,&nbsp;Orawan Kaewboonchoo","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To develop an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted chest x-ray diagnostic system for the detection, differential diagnosis, and follow-up of tuberculosis (TB), and prove its usefulness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This is a retrospective study. In-house developed AI-assisted chest x-ray diagnostic system was used to identify and diagnose lung abnormalities in participants' chest x-rays and to compare imaging findings from two x-rays. First, 100 chest radiographs were reviewed including TB cases (N = 43) with positive sputum test confirmation and non-TB cases (N = 57) for initial diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Next, 45 pairs of TB cases from the identical patients were reviewed for follow-up. The AI system diagnosed TB and graded the comparison images into three categories (improved, stable, or worsening). The performance was evaluated by four expert radiologists or pulmonary medicine specialists.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The AI system demonstrated an exceptional sensitivity of 100 %, successfully identifying all 43 TB cases. Nevertheless, it is also susceptible to misclassify other diseases as TB, resulting in low specificity score of 66.7 %. The comparison function determined that expert physicians and AI-assisted chest x-ray diagnostic system were <strong>58</strong> % in exact agreement and 100 % in within one grade agreement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The AI system successfully detected all TB patients identified in this study and demonstrated a reasonable comparison function. Therefore, our AI assisted chest x-ray diagnostic system is feasible and practical for TB screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The significance of emotional intelligence in academic stress, resilience, and safe transition from high school to university: An SEM analysis among Northern Emirati university students","authors":"Mona Gamal Mohamed ,&nbsp;Taliaa Mohsen Al-Yafeai ,&nbsp;Shukri Adam ,&nbsp;Md Moyazzem Hossain ,&nbsp;Ramya Kundayi Ravi ,&nbsp;Fatima Mohamed Jalo ,&nbsp;Aamna Eltayeb Osman","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emotional intelligence and resilience empower students in the academic settings to face and overcome the challenges that comes with demanding academic tasks and social pressure.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the role of emotional intelligence in managing academic stress, fostering resilience, and supporting the transition experience among Northern Emirati students in health sciences. Additionally, it sought to assess whether factors such as GPA are related to EI, stress, and resilience levels.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, descriptive survey design was used, with data collected from 230 second -year students at RAK Medical and Health Sciences University. The questionnaire included sections on sociodemographic data, the Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), and the Student Stress Inventory - Stress Manifestations (SSISM). Data analysis involved descriptive statistics in SPSS version 29, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) for relational insights, and regression analysis in R to evaluate the predictive influence of EI on stress and resilience.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Regression analysis indicated that EI significantly predicted resilience and stress levels, with GPA showing an additional positive relationship to EI and resilience. Regression analysis indicated that EI significantly predicted resilience (β = 0.52, p &lt; 0.001) and stress levels (β = −0.33, p &lt; 0.001). GPA exhibited a positive relationship with resilience (r = 0.29, p &lt; 0.05) and well-being (r = 0.45, p &lt; 0.001). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) confirmed a well-fitting model (Chi-Square/DF = 2.879, RMSEA = 0.108, CFI = 0.785, TLI = 0.846). The path coefficients demonstrated that well-being had the strongest influence on GPA (β = 0.452, p &lt; 0.001), while stress had a minimal but non-significant impact (β = 0.087, p = 0.107).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings suggest that emotional intelligence is a significant factor in helping health sciences students manage academic stress and foster resilience. These results highlight the potential benefit of EI development programs to support students during key academic transitions. However, the study's cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reported data suggest that further longitudinal research is needed to confirm these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143553001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerson's framework on the output of public-private partnership on hemodialysis services in Indonesia regional hospitals","authors":"Masyitoh Basabih ,&nbsp;Eko Prasojo ,&nbsp;Amy Yayuk Sri Rahayu","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Public-private partnerships (PPPs) have become the dominant solution adopted by regional hospitals in Indonesia for providing hemodialysis equipment. Analyzing the implementation of PPPs requires using a collaborative governance framework to provide a comprehensive analysis and depict the relationships between variables. This study aims to determine the influence of system context, drivers, and collaborative processes on the outcomes of PPP hemodialysis services in regional hospital in Indonesia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study employs a quantitative approach with primary data obtained through a survey. The research sample consists of 75 regional hospitals represented by 111 respondents. Analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The system context indirectly influences the process through mediation by the driver variable at 0.451, where the driver significantly affects the collaborative process at 0.534, and the collaborative process significantly influences the outcome at 0.773. The policy dimension makes the largest contribution to the systemic context, as does the consequential incentive dimension to the drivers. In the process variable, the capacity for joint action is the dimension with the greatest contribution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The outcomes of implementing PPP in hemodialysis services at regional hospital are influenced by system context, drivers, and collaborative processes both directly and indirectly. Policy barriers, human resources, and corrupt practices also affect the process and outcomes of hemodialysis PPP, which are perceived not to be in line with good governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 56-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does climate finance foster happiness in African economies? Assessing the direct and indirect pathways","authors":"Arsene Mouongue Kelly","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the face of Africa's persistent development and well-being challenges, climate finance emerges as a beacon of hope, promising not only environmental benefits but also potential improvements in quality of life. In this light, the present study set out to examine the effect of climate finance on subjective well-being in Africa using data from 37 African countries between 2012 and 2021. Employing ordinary least squares, the two-step system Generalized Method of Moments, and fixed effects Driscoll and Kraay regressions, the study finds that climate finance positively and significantly affects happiness. This effect remains robust even when considering endogeneity, cross-sectional dependence, alternative measures of climate finance, and sub-regional variations. Furthermore, the analysis of transmission channels validates natural resource rents and political stability as potential indirect pathways through which climate finance enhances well-being. Based on the findings, the study recommends that policymakers prioritize and scale up climate finance initiatives, integrate them with broader development strategies, control inflation, and establish transparent monitoring and evaluation systems to enhance the well-being of the populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 310-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste crisis and potential implications of forest Fires: Perspective from psychosocial cognition","authors":"Evi Frimawaty ,&nbsp;Randi Mamola","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context</h3><div>Agroforestry projects in the Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) area represent the largest peat forest management and support center for sustainable ecological growth. However, old habits such as littering and burning become complicated tasks for strategic forest management. Components of past behavior, social norms, and risk management interventions should be adapted as the psychosocial cognitive part of a complex mitigation behavior cycle prediction. The integration of psychosocial cognitive strategies into sustainable development not only increases collective awareness and responsibility locally and supports the future management of global environmental health.</div></div><div><h3>Novelty</h3><div>This study aims to provide a constructive understanding of the prediction of hybrid feedback loops cognitive maps in the behavioral cycle of burning and waste crisis mitigation using SCT, SME, CBSM, and social capital variable.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study used survey data on psychosocial cognitive assessments collected from communities involved in agroforestry projects in PHU, West Kalimantan. The psychosocial cognitive components of SCT, SME, CBSM, and social capital were measured using the Planning Environmental Behavior Index (PEBI). Data were analyzed using hybrid feedback loops model combining Bayesian simulation and logistic hierarchy to obtain the statistical efficiency logFC (Fold Change).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Logistic regression analysis of psychosocial cognitive items in the SCT, CBSM, and SME components revealed a significant influence of norms (β = 0.26, t(124) = 2.47, ρ &lt; 0.05) and trust (β = 0.13, t(124) = 1.05, ρ &lt; 0.05). However, the network component (β = 0.09, t(124) = 0.37, ρ &gt; 0.20) did not significantly predict waste crisis and forest fire mitigation behavior. The SCT items showed hierarchical statistical significance: PPC (β = 0.39, t(124) = 3.27, ρ &lt; 0.05), RP (β = 0.19, t(124) = 2.07, ρ &lt; 0.05), and PEC (β = 0.44, t(124) = 2.24, ρ &lt; 0.05). Similarly, SME items significantly contributed to PPC (β = 0.46, t(124) = 3.33, ρ &lt; 0.05), RP (β = 0.24, t(124) = 2.51, ρ &lt; 0.05), and PEC (β = 0.59, t(124) = 3.48, ρ &lt; 0.05). CBSM predictions showed the significance of PEC control for the proportion stage of CR (β = 0.31, t(124) = 2.64, ρ &lt; 0.05) and ME (β = 0.44, t(124) = 2.24, ρ &lt; 0.05). Based on the hybrid feedback loop model, logistic regression of PEC items and social norms significantly predicted the mitigation behavior cycle, especially at the “action” and “outcome expectation” nodes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The predictive findings suggest that PEC items and social norms influence the reinforcement of hybrid feedback loops at the “action” and “outcome expectancy” nodes in analyzing the cognitive map of the perceived mitigation behavior cycle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 296-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of air pollution with ischemic heart disease, stroke, diabetes, COPD, lung cancer, and all-cause mortality: Effect modification by pro-inflammatory diet","authors":"Chuan-Guo Guo ,&nbsp;Yufan Liu ,&nbsp;Feifei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.glt.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The role of interactions of diet and air pollution in health outcomes remain unclear. This study investigated the combined effects of a pro-inflammatory diet and long-term air pollution exposure on the risk of five common diseases and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 120,000 UK Biobank participants with ≥2 Oxford WebQ 24-h dietary assessments. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to examine the associations between two exposures—Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores and seven air pollutants (PM_2.5, PM₁₀, NO₂, NO_X, SO₂, CO, and benzene)—with six outcomes: ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, diabetes (all diabetes types encompassing insulin- and non-insulin-dependent, and others), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and mortality. Non-linear exposure–response associations were modeled using shape-constrained health impact functions and penalized splines. Multiplicative interaction effects between DII and air pollutants were evaluated via likelihood-ratio tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our findings indicated exposure to air pollutants were associated with increased risks of diabetes, COPD, IHD, and stroke (hazard ratios 1.004–1.049). Higher DII predicted 1.034–1.086 fold greater risk of diabetes, COPD, lung cancer, and mortality. Significant multiplicative interactions (<em>P</em> for interaction &lt;0.05) indicated that the effects of air pollutant on diabetes, COPD, and mortality were amplified among participants with higher DII, whereas no significant air pollutant-outcome associations were seen in those with low or intermediate DII.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A pro-inflammatory diet may amplify the adverse health effects of air pollution, highlighting potential for dietary interventions to complement environmental regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33615,"journal":{"name":"Global Transitions","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 323-332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}