Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics最新文献_第4页

The Role of Virtual Spaces and Interactivity in Emergency Training 虚拟空间和互动性在应急培训中的作用

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452881

G. Benvegnù, Mattia Furlan, V. Orso, L. Gamberini

{"title":"The Role of Virtual Spaces and Interactivity in Emergency Training","authors":"G. Benvegnù, Mattia Furlan, V. Orso, L. Gamberini","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452881","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual Reality (VR) allows to re-create risky situations in a safe and realistic environment and, in recent years, it has been proposed as a versatile training tool for fire emergencies. However, there is still the need to compare VR with other training formats, to better understand when and how it is advantageous to invest in virtual systems for emergency training. In this preliminary study, we compare different formats of a training program for teaching how to extinguish office-related fires. Formats vary in the presence and realism of the spatial representation, namely an immersive and interactive VR environment, a non-interactive desktop Video and traditional paper-based material. Participants’ reactions and knowledge acquisition have been measured using both quantitative (accuracy, reaction times, questionnaires) and qualitative (open questions) methods. Results show that, at performance level, all three training formats significantly improved accuracy, but only participants in VR and Video conditions became faster in choosing the correct extinguisher. In terms of participants’ evaluation, the VR format was judged more positively compared to the other trainings.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134212045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Using wearable inertial sensors to detect different strategies for the sit-to-stand transition in multiple sclerosis 使用可穿戴惯性传感器检测多发性硬化症患者坐姿到站立的不同策略

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452862

A. Nagasubramony, Rebecca F Player, Carina E. I. Westling, K. Galvin, H. Witchel

{"title":"Using wearable inertial sensors to detect different strategies for the sit-to-stand transition in multiple sclerosis","authors":"A. Nagasubramony, Rebecca F Player, Carina E. I. Westling, K. Galvin, H. Witchel","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452862","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The sit-to-stand (Si-St) transition is an essential activity of daily living (ADL) which is fundamental to maintaining functional independence. It can often be compromised in patients with neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to determine if different strategies can be detected in the performance of the sit-to-stand transition using gyroscope metrics from wearable inertial sensors in MS and healthy participants. METHODS: 12 ambulatory persons with MS (PwMS) with an EDSS of 1-5.5 were compared with 11 healthy volunteers. Participants performed a Si-St transition and a Timed 25 Foot Walk (T25FW) while fitted with wearable inertial sensors (x-io NGIMU) on the thigh and sternum. Each sensor node recorded 9 channels of data (3 each of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers) over Wi-Fi onto a computer using software provided by the manufacturer. Analysis of wave forms was done using Matlab and peak detection algorithms based on a 6 Hz low pass filter of the signal. RESULTS: The effect of disability on the Si-St transition was that the peak of thigh pitch angular velocity was lower in PwMS than the healthy volunteers (p=0.045, Cliff’s δ = 0.500). The average duration of the momentum transfer phase of sit-to-stand was longer in PwMS in comparison to healthy (p=0.039, Cliff’s delta=0.515). The duration of momentum transfer was strongly correlated with peak thigh angular velocity but only weakly correlated with T25FW performance or the patient reported measures of disability (MSWS-12 and EDSS-s). CONCLUSION: The durations of momentum transfer derived from inertial sensor measurements reflect different movement strategies used by PwMS and healthy individuals for getting out of a chair.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123882400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Manual takeover after highly automated driving: Influence of budget time and Lane Change Assist on takeover performance 高度自动驾驶后的手动接管:预算时间和变道辅助对接管性能的影响

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452880

Ebru Dogan, Elsa Yousfi, T. Bellet, C. Tijus, A. Guillaume

{"title":"Manual takeover after highly automated driving: Influence of budget time and Lane Change Assist on takeover performance","authors":"Ebru Dogan, Elsa Yousfi, T. Bellet, C. Tijus, A. Guillaume","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452880","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of additional assistance system to support driver performance during a takeover request in a conditionally automated vehicle, that is, Level 3 of SAE taxonomy. Seventy drivers participated in the simulator carried on a driving simulator (62 drivers retained). The takeover request issued due to another vehicle blocking the way obliged the participant to take over and change lane. Two versions of a Lane Change Assist (LCA) were tested across two groups with short (4 sec) and long (8 sec) time budget for a takeover. We observed that when provided longer takeover time budget, higher number of drivers completed the lane change maneuver successfully, adopted different takeover strategy, and had fewer accidents. We did not observe an effect of the presence or the type of LCA on takeover performance. However, a comparison of incident-free takeovers with those with a lateral collision revealed that the presence of LCA was associated with higher number of incident-free takeovers in the 8-sec group. Overall, drivers could benefit from additional assistance systems during takeover, especially when they are provided enough time to process information and act upon it.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115633738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Emergence of Metacognitive Knowledge via Audible Pupil Size 瞳孔大小对元认知知识的影响

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452870

A. D. Rooij, Iris Wijers, Manon Marinussen

{"title":"Emergence of Metacognitive Knowledge via Audible Pupil Size","authors":"A. D. Rooij, Iris Wijers, Manon Marinussen","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452870","url":null,"abstract":"Metacognitive knowledge is critical for adaptive behavior and depends on the ability to sense one's physiological signals. Some physiological signals, however, cannot be sensed yet carry critical information about one's thinking processes. The eye's pupils are an interesting example of this. Pupil size is typically inaccessible to the senses, yet it correlates with changes in attention and cognitive load. Using technology to map pupil size to audible sound in real-time, could therefore facilitate learning metacognitive knowledge. This was confirmed in a mixed between-within subject experiment, where participants (n=57) reported to be more able to use the sound to acquire metacognitive knowledge when using a real rather than a sham mapping from pupil size to sound during three thinking tasks. Specifically, participants using real audible pupil size were less likely to slightly disagree or be uncertain about their ability to use the sound to acquire metacognitive knowledge, but this difference was not found when participants reported high agreement. The contribution of this research is therefore that making pupil size audible can facilitate the emergence of new metacognitive knowledge.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115488777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical Co-Reflection on Artifact Use 对工件使用的批判性共同反思

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452859

Anke Dittmar

引用次数: 0

Evaluating Input Devices for Robotic Telepresence* 评估机器人远程呈现的输入设备*

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452869

Patrik Björnfot

{"title":"Evaluating Input Devices for Robotic Telepresence*","authors":"Patrik Björnfot","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452869","url":null,"abstract":"Robotic telepresence (RT)-technologies enable users' to be physically and socially present in a remote environment. These systems consist of a robot with a base with wheels, cameras, speakers, microphones, and a monitor, remotely controlled via a computer. It is common for robotic telepresence systems to support multiple input devices, including keyboard, mouse, and game controller. However, to the authors' knowledge, there are no studies that have investigated the differences between the devices. This study investigates how four different input devices, mouse, game controller, and keyboard, affect performance and experience. The study consists of a controlled experiment where participants navigated a track with the four different input devices. Outlined in this article is a mixed-method study aimed to uncover the complexity of input devices, how various interaction design factors affect the performance, and the users' experience of different input devices. The study found the keyboard and game controller to be the overall best devices. Furthermore, this article highlights a need to understand how abilities received from previous experiences transfer to the usage of RT-technology.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130185108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Automation, teamwork, and the feared loss of safety: Air traffic controllers’ experiences and expectations on current and future ATM systems 自动化、团队合作和担心失去安全:空中交通管制员对当前和未来ATM系统的经验和期望

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452855

Åsa Svensson, Jonas Lundberg, C. Forsell, N. Rönnberg

{"title":"Automation, teamwork, and the feared loss of safety: Air traffic controllers’ experiences and expectations on current and future ATM systems","authors":"Åsa Svensson, Jonas Lundberg, C. Forsell, N. Rönnberg","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452855","url":null,"abstract":"In various control systems, automation is implemented to increase efficiency and safety. With increased automation, it becomes increasingly relevant to view the automation as a team member, rather than as a tool. In best cases, human-automation teamwork keeps workload within acceptable limits, increase situation awareness, and keeps the operator in the control loop. However, human-automation teamwork will only flourish if the automation is developed with the human operator in mind. Therefore, investigations of the current experiences and expectations regarding automation and teamwork are important for the development of automation. Through a questionnaire among Air Traffic Controllers (ATCOs), the present study aims to investigate how ATCOs perceive automation and safety in current and future air traffic control systems and the importance of different teamwork factors for human-human and human-automation collaboration. The results indicate that the ATCOs believe that safety will increase in the future along with increasing automation as long as the automation is working as expected. The ATCOs expressed a fear of deskilling and losing situation awareness with automation, a fear associated with a new ATCO role of monitoring the system and take over when the automation fails. The results suggest that design for human-automation teamwork aspects that ATCOs value, such as adaptability or mutual performance monitoring, could be a way forward.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127462327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Augmented Reality as a Mediator for Emotionally Engaging Stories: A case study for AR-based stories related to World War II 增强现实作为情感吸引故事的中介:第二次世界大战相关ar故事的案例研究

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-26 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452901

Robyn Kromhout, L. Calvi

引用次数: 2

Analyzing Individuals' Grip Force over Short Intervals in a Joystick-Controlled Task with and without a Stress Manipulation 在有和没有压力操纵的操纵杆控制任务中分析个体在短时间内的握力

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/0144929X.2021.1912184

Assaf Botzer, Michael Wagner, Tomer Elbaum

{"title":"Analyzing Individuals' Grip Force over Short Intervals in a Joystick-Controlled Task with and without a Stress Manipulation","authors":"Assaf Botzer, Michael Wagner, Tomer Elbaum","doi":"10.1080/0144929X.2021.1912184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2021.1912184","url":null,"abstract":"The current experiment is part of an ongoing feasibility testing of grip force as a measure of stress in joystick-controlled tasks. In a previous experiment, we showed that mean grip force of a group of students was higher under a stress manipulation, and higher than of another group of students with no stress manipulation. In the current experiment, we tested if we could identify greater grip force under stress, per individual. Fourteen male participants performed tracking tasks on trials with and without a stress manipulation. After the experiment, we computed the mean grip force of each participant in several intervals to test how soon (if at all) his mean grip force on the trials with the stress manipulation had become significantly higher than his mean grip force on the trials without the stress manipulation. In ∼31% of the comparisons we were able to detect higher grip force with than without the stress manipulation after 5 seconds through the trials. Other detections of greater grip force took longer, but no longer than 30 sec. However, we could not find significant changes in grip force in certain comparisons for six individuals, and in none of the comparisons for four individuals. The sources and extent of these limitations of grip force as a measure of stress should be explored in future studies. The current experiment added support to the feasibility of using grip force as a measure of stress in joystick-controlled tasks and pointed to the next necessary steps in evaluating its feasibility.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121819859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Human beings and robots: Are there any differences in the attribution of punishments for the same crimes? 人类和机器人:对于同样的罪行，惩罚的归属有什么不同吗?

Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics Pub Date : 2021-03-29 DOI: 10.1145/3452853.3452864

Stefano Guidi, E. Marchigiani, S. Roncato, O. Parlangeli

{"title":"Human beings and robots: Are there any differences in the attribution of punishments for the same crimes?","authors":"Stefano Guidi, E. Marchigiani, S. Roncato, O. Parlangeli","doi":"10.1145/3452853.3452864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3452853.3452864","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As collaborative robots and artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being deployed in ever-increasing contexts, we are more and more called upon to make judgements on their moral behaviour. Understanding the factors, affecting our ethical judgements involving these types of agents, would thus seem of the uttermost importance to allow for safer and well-regulated interactions between humans and machines. So far, however, this topic has been rarely investigated. We compared the perception of the seriousness of an action committed by either a person or a robot, causing harm to either some persons or some robots, and the attribution of the appropriated punishment for that action. The results showed a significant effect of the type of victim: the action was considered more a serious offence, and deemed worthy of more severe punishment, if the victims were humans than if they were robots. A significant agent-by-victim interaction was also found in the punishment judgements: for human victims, a human agent was punished more severely than a robot, while for robot victims, a robot agent was attributed a more severe punishment than a human one. The results are discussed in the light of the theories linking moral judgements to mind perception.","PeriodicalId":334884,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 32nd European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133898709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4