{"title":"Control and trust as organising principles for international joint ventures","authors":"A. Mohr, Jonas Puck","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2010.036092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2010.036092","url":null,"abstract":"Executives managing an international joint venture (IJV) make (explicit or implicit) assumptions about the level of their respective partner firm's tendency to act opportunistically. Based on this assumption a tendency towards either control or trust characterises executives' approach towards managing the IJV. Trust and control are seen as distinct organising principles that partner firms apply in varying degrees when managing IJV relationships. This article empirically investigates the existence and nature of these two principles using data from 110 representatives of German-Chinese IJVs. The findings of the study show that the two organising principles can be distinguished empirically and that they are associated with differences in interaction patterns, partner compatibility, as well as IJV performance. The article suggests that the concept of organising principles is useful for structuring and making sense of the often ambiguous and disparate findings in existing IJV research.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131439170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perceptions of cultural differences and the management of culture in international joint ventures","authors":"M. Bener, K. Glaister","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025352","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relative importance of both national culture and corporate culture differences in a sample of international joint ventures with parent firms from Europe, North America and Australia. The findings of the study are, first, corporate culture differences are a more important factor contributing to different views on the management of JVs compared with national culture differences. Second, the perception of culture difference is reduced in firms adopting culture management policies. Third, the greater the culture differences perceived by the parent firms then the greater the impact of cultural differences on JV performance. Fourth, the greater the cultural differences contributing to different views on JV management then the less satisfied the parent firms are with JV performance. Lastly, corporate culture differences contributing to differing views on JV management were more significantly correlated with autonomy granted than were national culture differences.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"247 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114057669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fit between corporate strategy and alliance purpose: implications on partnering firms' performance","authors":"N. Rahman, H. Korn","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025351","url":null,"abstract":"The fit between corporate strategy and alliance purpose is examined in this paper. While early research on alliances recognises various alliance purposes, their role in facilitating corporate strategy implementation is not delineated in the literature. Identifying two alliance purpose dimensions – impetus and context – we develop a framework to organise the different classes of alliance purposes. We argue that since alliances are moves to pursue corporate strategies, selecting alliance purposes to align with specific corporate strategies would increase the performance of partnering firms by facilitating successful strategy implementation.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130088307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Foreign parent control mechanisms and international joint venture performance","authors":"B. Park, K. Glaister","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025350","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the strategic importance of foreign parent control mechanisms they have received scant attention in the discussion of international joint venture performance. This paper analyses the relationship between control mechanisms and efficiency as a possible proxy for performance measurement and reports two key findings. First, international joint ventures perform better when foreign parents possess majority equity ownership. Second, foreign parents' participation and support based on indirect control promotes performance compared with the case where foreign parents exercise direct and active control over the joint venture.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"227 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120958583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Support function outsourcing: the hidden costs","authors":"Cecily A. Raiborn, Janet Butler, Marc F. Massoud","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025356","url":null,"abstract":"Outsourcing support services such as payroll is a popular way for a firm to reduce costs and allow focus on the core business(es). Unfortunately, many firms do not realise the hoped-for savings, often because certain costs were overlooked during the planning process. Ignoring these costs can distort return on investment and cost/benefit calculations, which in turn leads to unrealistic expectations and poor decision making. This article examines six types of costs that are often overlooked when outsourcing support functions. These costs include those that may: 1) be hidden by overhead allocation techniques; 2) be unanticipated; 3) arise from decreased employee morale; 4) stem from compliance with Sarbanes-Oxley legislation (for US-based companies); 5) be created through contingency factors such as system incompatibility; 6) surface from ethical issues, such as health concerns among vendors' employees. Failing to consider these costs could generate an inappropriate cost-benefit analysis in favour of outsourcing.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131810344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Networking and R&D in domestic and FDI plants in Spanish electronics clusters","authors":"Adelheid Holl, R. Rama","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.025354","url":null,"abstract":"To fully understand foreign affiliates' behaviour in regional agglomerations (hereafter RAs), we argue it would be useful to analyse the networking patterns of such affiliates in reference to domestic firms within the local market environment. Consequently, we examined 184 electronics plants, both domestic and foreign, in three Spanish RAs. The foreign direct investment (FDI) plants show patterns of cooperation similar to those of clustered domestic plants, involving joint R&D, outsourcing and other types of inter-firm collaboration. FDI plants are, in some respects, less embedded in RAs than are domestic plants. Domestic market-seeking FDIs, probably as a strategy to adapt products to the domestic market, tend to collaborate more with regional partners than do export-seeking FDIs. FDI plants consider within-group subcontracting relationships as more important than do domestic multiplant companies. Nevertheless, the former apparently integrate both intra-firm and inter-firm subcontracting in their strategy. On the other hand, R&D-intensive FDI plants tend to stay away from collaboration with other companies, probably to avoid involuntary spillovers of their knowledge.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131887539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fresh look at strategic alliances: research issues and future directions","authors":"Refik Culpan","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023649","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the current state of strategic alliances between and among firms by discussing the confusion concerning their epistemology and taxonomy; it offers a plain definition and typology of such ventures. Also examined are their evolution and theoretical foundations and important research questions reflected in the extant literature. After clarifying existing misconceptions and presenting a systematic treatment of strategic alliances, it aims at delineating new research issues and stimulating further research for advancement of the current body of knowledge on interfirm cooperation.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"107 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117221889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Interpartner harmony in strategic alliances: managing commitment and forbearance","authors":"T. Das, R. Kumar","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023650","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a framework to understand interpartner harmony in strategic alliances. Interpartner harmony in strategic alliances denotes the mutual understanding that alliance members accomplish by managing commitment and forbearance in the context of their interdependence. We proceed from the notion that the pervasive conflict-based view of alliances has clouded the consideration of the quest for harmony as a significant factor in alliance dynamics. We believe that alliances have an inbuilt resilience that makes the emergence of harmony a natural outcome, through the joint exercise of commitment and forbearance, even as conflict and opportunism persist as inevitable challenges. We describe the four kinds of interpartner harmony in alliances – superficial, specious, constrained and communal – based on the degrees of commitment and forbearance. We also discuss the salience of each of these interpartner harmony types in the three principal types of alliances (equity joint ventures, minority equity alliances and nonequity alliances). Implications of the analysis are discussed for further research as well as managerial practice.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132483400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolution of cooperation and dynamics of expectations – implications for strategic alliances","authors":"S. Royer, R. Simons","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023652","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the impact of reputation on alliance creation and the influence of expectations of partner behaviour on alliance failure and longevity. An experimental study with 120 chemical manufacturing project managers picks up on current perceptions of reputation of each manager and pre-existing relationships within the industry in the Asia Pacific Region. The researchers identified the formation of over 500 alliances and investigated the conditional effects of 'expectation matching' and 'expectation mismatching' on alliance duration. It was hypothesised that reputation and expectations would predict alliances success rates. Results suggest that alliance duration was significantly associated with expectation matching behaviour of both partners whereas expectation mismatching was associated with the cessation of alliance behaviours, particularly where the partner was perceived to behave with a selfish orientation. Interestingly, it was found that expectation matching behaviours were more likely between partners with similar reputation than being associated with high reputation.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114710239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A struggling international partnership: TNK-BP joint venture","authors":"A. Ekin, Thomas R. King","doi":"10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSBA.2009.023653","url":null,"abstract":"Joint ventures with equity participation by partners bring together parties with different capabilities to achieve a common goal. The expectation typically focuses on synergy that will benefit both parties. BP, the British oil company and the Russian conglomerate TNK formed a joint venture with similar hopes. BP offered its significant market power in the world and technological know-how; TNK brought to the table the vast oil reserves in the steppes of Siberia. In a few short years, the venture started manifesting instability primarily caused by the differences in economic motives and cultural orientations of the partners. This paper traces the chronology of events in the souring relationships between the partners as evidenced in recent times and assesses the instability of the venture.","PeriodicalId":334553,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Strategic Business Alliances","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130363031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}