Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems最新文献_第10页

Influence of surface acoustic waves induced acoustic streaming on the kinetics of electrochemical reactions 表面声波诱导声流对电化学反应动力学的影响

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033694

S. Tietze, J. Schlemmer, G. Lindner

{"title":"Influence of surface acoustic waves induced acoustic streaming on the kinetics of electrochemical reactions","authors":"S. Tietze, J. Schlemmer, G. Lindner","doi":"10.1117/12.2033694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033694","url":null,"abstract":"The kinetics of electrochemical reactions is controlled by diffusion processes of charge carriers across a boundary layer between the electrode and the electrolyte, which result in a shielding of the electric field inside the electrolyte and a concentration gradient across this boundary layer. In accumulators the diffusion rate determines the rather long time needed for charging, which is a major drawback for electric mobility. This diffusion boundary can be removed by acoustic streaming in the electrolyte induced by surface acoustic waves propagating of the electrode, which results in an increase of the charging current and thus in a reduction of the time needed for charging. For a quantitative study of the influence of acoustic streaming on the charge transport an electropolishing cell with vertically oriented copper electrodes and diluted H3PO4-Propanol electrolytes were used. Lamb waves with various excitation frequencies were exited on the anode with different piezoelectric transducers, which induced acoustic streaming in the overlaying electrolytic liquid. An increase of the polishing current of up to approximately 100 % has been obtained with such a set-up.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"8923 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130477801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Modeling and fabrication of scale-like cantilever for cell capturing 用于细胞捕获的类尺度悬臂的建模和制造

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033744

Boyin Liu, Jing Fu, Murat Muradoglu

{"title":"Modeling and fabrication of scale-like cantilever for cell capturing","authors":"Boyin Liu, Jing Fu, Murat Muradoglu","doi":"10.1117/12.2033744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033744","url":null,"abstract":"The micro-domain provides excellent conditions for performing biological experiments on small populations of cells and has given rise to the proliferation of so-called lab-on-a-chip devices. In order to fully utilize the benefits of cell assays, means of retaining cells at defined locations over time are required. Here, the creation of scale-like cantilevers, inspired by biomimetics, on planar silicon nitride (Si3N4) film using focused ion beam machining is described. Using SEM imaging, regular tilting of the cantilever with almost no warping of the cantilever was uncovered. Finite element analysis showed that the scale-like cantilever was best at limiting stress concentration without difficulty in manufacture and having stresses more evenly distributed along the edge. It also had a major advantage in that the degree of deflection could be simply altered by changing the central angle. From a piling simulation conducted, it was found that a random delivery of simulated particles on to the scale-like obstacle should create a triangular collection. In the experimental trapping of polystyrene beads in suspension, the basic triangular piling structure was observed, but with extended tails and a fanning out around the obstacle. This was attributed to the aggregation tendency of polystyrene beads that acted on top of the piling behavior. In the experiment with bacterial cells, triangular pile up behind the cantilever was absent and the bacteria cells were able to slip inside the cantilever’s opening despite the size of the bacteria being larger than the gap. Overall, the fabricated scale-like cantilever architectures offer a viable way to trap small populations of material in suspension.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"527 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117012078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THz photomixer with a 40nm-wide nanoelectrode gap on low-temperature grown GaAs

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033746

G. Seniutinas, G. Seniutinas, G. Gervinskas, G. Gervinskas, E. Constable, A. Krotkus, G. Molis, G. Valušis, Roger A Lewis, S. Juodkazis, S. Juodkazis

引用次数: 6

Constructing microstructures using the optical trapping map of dielectric spheres 利用介电球的光学俘获图构建微结构

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033781

Murat Muradoglu

{"title":"Constructing microstructures using the optical trapping map of dielectric spheres","authors":"Murat Muradoglu","doi":"10.1117/12.2033781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033781","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-particle self-assembly provides an insight into the dynamics of particles in a well-understood force environment, interactions between particles, and processes where particles themselves modify the force environment. Various ways have been reported on creating microparticle assembly in optical traps. Yet the basis to understanding the nature of the assembly is to first comprehend trapping of a single sphere in a focused Gaussian laser beam. For spherical dielectric particles that are to be manipulated by a focused Gaussian laser beam, the axial trapping efficiency of this is a function of (i) the particle radius r, (ii) the ratio of the refractive index of particle over the medium, and (iii) the numerical aperture of the delivered light beam. From a comprehensive simulation conducted, we uncovered optical trapping regions in the 3D parameter space forming an iso-surface landscape with ridge-like contours. Using specific points in the parameter space, we drew attention to difficulties in using the trapping efficiency and stiffness metrics in defining how well particles are drawn into and held in the trap. An alternative calculation based on the maximum forward and restoration values of the trapping efficiency in the axial sense, called the trapping quality, was proposed. We also discuss the possibility of coupling optical trapping with other physical methods, notably capillary forces, in order to achieve effective microparticle assembly.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122677185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Challenges in specificity and collection efficiency for integrated optical biosensors 集成光学生物传感器在特异性和采集效率方面的挑战

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2035375

A. Armani, S. Mehrabani, A. Maker, Cecilia Lopez, M. Harrison

引用次数: 0

Micro-structured surfaces for algal biofilm growth 藻类生物膜生长的微结构表面

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033794

S. Sathananthan, Scott N. Genin, J. Aitchison, D. G. Allen

引用次数: 17

Governing equations for electro-conjugate fluid flow 电共轭流体流动的控制方程

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033791

K. Hosoda, K. Takemura, K. Fukagata, S. Yokota, K. Edamura

{"title":"Governing equations for electro-conjugate fluid flow","authors":"K. Hosoda, K. Takemura, K. Fukagata, S. Yokota, K. Edamura","doi":"10.1117/12.2033791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033791","url":null,"abstract":"An electro-conjugation fluid (ECF) is a kind of dielectric liquid, which generates a powerful flow when high DC voltage is applied with tiny electrodes. This study deals with the derivation of the governing equations for electro-conjugate fluid flow based on the Korteweg-Helmholtz (KH) equation which represents the force in dielectric liquid subjected to high DC voltage. The governing equations consist of the Gauss's law, charge conservation with charge recombination, the KH equation, the continuity equation and the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The KH equation consists of coulomb force, dielectric constant gradient force and electrostriction force. The governing equation gives the distribution of electric field, charge density and flow velocity. In this study, direct numerical simulation (DNS) is used in order to get these distribution at arbitrary time. Successive over-relaxation (SOR) method is used in analyzing Gauss's law and constrained interpolation pseudo-particle (CIP) method is used in analyzing charge conservation with charge recombination. The third order Runge-Kutta method and conservative second-order-accurate finite difference method is used in analyzing the Navier-Stokes equations with the KH equation. This study also deals with the measurement of ECF ow generated with a symmetrical pole electrodes pair which are made of 0.3 mm diameter piano wire. Working fluid is FF-1EHA2 which is an ECF family. The flow is observed from the both electrodes, i.e., the flow collides in between the electrodes. The governing equation successfully calculates mean flow velocity in between the collector pole electrode and the colliding region by the numerical simulation.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126447065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effect of surfaces on thermoelastic damping of nano-resonators 表面对纳米谐振器热弹性阻尼的影响

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033796

S. Dixit, M. Inamdar, D. N. Pawaskar

{"title":"Effect of surfaces on thermoelastic damping of nano-resonators","authors":"S. Dixit, M. Inamdar, D. N. Pawaskar","doi":"10.1117/12.2033796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033796","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to investigate the role of surfaces on thermoelastic damping of flexural vibrations in nanobeams. In the past, the role of surfaces on thermoelastic damping of a vibrating nanobeam has been discussed by considering only mechanical interaction between surfaces and the rest of bulk without accounting for thermal interaction between them. In this paper we account for heat flow due to conduction between the surface and bulk and a coupled thermo-mechanical heat equation for a thermoelastic surface has been derived. Quality factor of vibrating rectangular nanobeam has been computed using modified thermal boundary conditions for the bulk under adiabatic surface conditions. An expression for surface heat capacity used in modified boundary conditions has been derived using the modified Debye model. A simplified expression for quality factor of thin rectangular nanobeam has been obtained. We note that the quality factor and the frequency at which the maximum dissipation occurs is a function of both mechanical and thermal properties of surface. It has also been noticed that the relative change in thermoelastic dissipation due to surface effect is a function of operating frequency. The present analysis shows that effect of surfaces on quality factor and peak damping frequency increases with decrease in beam thickness. Coupled heat equation for a surface derived in the present work can be used for any general thermoelastic surface.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"148 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116558294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The NUC and blind pixel eliminating in the DTDI application DTDI应用中的NUC和盲点消除

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2033714

Xiaofeng Su, Fan-sheng Chen, Sheng-Da Pan, Xueyi Gong, YucCui Dong

{"title":"The NUC and blind pixel eliminating in the DTDI application","authors":"Xiaofeng Su, Fan-sheng Chen, Sheng-Da Pan, Xueyi Gong, YucCui Dong","doi":"10.1117/12.2033714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2033714","url":null,"abstract":"AS infrared CMOS Digital TDI (Time Delay and integrate) has a simple structure, excellent performance and flexible operation, it has been used in more and more applications. Because of the limitation of the Production process level, the plane array of the infrared detector has a large NU (non-uniformity) and a certain blind pixel rate. Both of the two will raise the noise and lead to the TDI works not very well. In this paper, for the impact of the system performance, the most important elements are analyzed, which are the NU of the optical system, the NU of the Plane array and the blind pixel in the Plane array. Here a reasonable algorithm which considers the background removal and the linear response model of the infrared detector is used to do the NUC (Non-uniformity correction) process, when the infrared detector array is used as a Digital TDI. In order to eliminate the impact of the blind pixel, the concept of surplus pixel method is introduced in, through the method, the SNR (signal to noise ratio) can be improved and the spatial and temporal resolution will not be changed. Finally we use a MWIR (Medium Ware Infrared) detector to do the experiment and the result proves the effectiveness of the method.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130382686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydride VPE: the unexpected process for the fast growth of GaAs and GaN nanowires with record aspect ratio and polytypism-free crystalline structure 氢化物VPE: GaAs和GaN纳米线快速生长的意外过程，具有创纪录的宽高比和无多晶性的晶体结构

Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems Pub Date : 2013-12-07 DOI: 10.1117/12.2035485

Y. André, A. Trassoudaine, G. Avit, K. Lekhal, M. Ramdani, C. Leroux, G. Monier, C. Varenne, P. Hoggan, D. Castelluci, C. Bougerol, F. Réveret, J. Leymarie, E. Petit, V. Dubrovskii, E. Gil

{"title":"Hydride VPE: the unexpected process for the fast growth of GaAs and GaN nanowires with record aspect ratio and polytypism-free crystalline structure","authors":"Y. André, A. Trassoudaine, G. Avit, K. Lekhal, M. Ramdani, C. Leroux, G. Monier, C. Varenne, P. Hoggan, D. Castelluci, C. Bougerol, F. Réveret, J. Leymarie, E. Petit, V. Dubrovskii, E. Gil","doi":"10.1117/12.2035485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2035485","url":null,"abstract":"Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) makes use of chloride III-Cl and hydride V-H3 gaseous growth precursors. It is known as a near-equilibrium process, providing the widest range of growth rates from 1 to more than 100 μm/h. When it comes to metal catalyst-assisted VLS (vapor-liquid-solid) growth, the physics of HVPE growth is maintained: high dechlorination frequency, high axial growth rate of nanowires (NWs) up to 170 μm/h. The remarkable features of NWs grown by HVPE are the untapered morphology with constant diameter and the stacking fault-free crystalline phase. Record pure zinc blende cubic phase for 20 μm long GaAs NWs with radii of 10 and 5 nm is shown. The absence of wurtzite phase in GaAs NWs grown by HVPE whatever the diameter is discussed with respect to surface energetic grounds and kinetics. Ni assisted, Ni-Au assisted and catalyst-free HVPE growth of wurtzite GaN NWs is also addressed. Micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis revealed GaN nanowires of great optical quality, with a FWHM of 1 meV at 10 K for the neutral donor bound exciton transition.","PeriodicalId":334178,"journal":{"name":"Smart Materials, Nano-, and Micro- Smart Systems","volume":"8923 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130487429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1