IET Energy Systems Integration最新文献_第5页

Joint contribution of RTEM and AGC system for frequency stabilisation in renewable energy integrated power system RTEM 和 AGC 系统对可再生能源集成电力系统频率稳定的共同贡献

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12145

Liza Debbarma, Sanjoy Debbarma, Kingshuk Roy, Siddhartha Deb Roy, Piyush Pratap Singh

{"title":"Joint contribution of RTEM and AGC system for frequency stabilisation in renewable energy integrated power system","authors":"Liza Debbarma, Sanjoy Debbarma, Kingshuk Roy, Siddhartha Deb Roy, Piyush Pratap Singh","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12145","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12145","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing penetration of variable renewable generations will diminish system inertia thereby degrading the conventional frequency regulation capability. As a result, maintaining frequency stability will be more and more challenging with traditional approaches. Even though renewable sources integration would jeopardise the grid stability, it also presents several opportunities as well. For example, converter-interfaced generators can bid in real-time electricity markets (RTEM) and provide short-time dispatch to minimise load-generation mismatch. In this paper, an integrated approach that accommodates discrete automatic generation control (AGC) system with a regulation mileage framework and RTEM model to balance generation and consumption is proposed. The RTEM model is assumed to have a five-minute dispatch trading interval which is to some extent comparable to the discrete AGC system. Furthermore, a fractional order PID (FOPID) controller is equipped in the AGC system whose parameters are tuned using a novel metaheuristic-based optimisation called Lichtenberg Algorithm (LA). The proposed framework is tested in a three-area system under several operating conditions to reveal the improvement in the dynamic performance of the system. The objective function is also incorporated with mileage payment that allows a fair compensation rule for all the units.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"498-511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140216088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigation of limitation imposed on hosting capacity in low voltage networks by their distribution transformer loading and degradation considerations 减少配电变压器负载和降级因素对低压电网承载能力的限制

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12143

Agaba Ame-Oko, Olga Lavrova

{"title":"Mitigation of limitation imposed on hosting capacity in low voltage networks by their distribution transformer loading and degradation considerations","authors":"Agaba Ame-Oko, Olga Lavrova","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12143","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12143","url":null,"abstract":"A distribution transformer's thermal operating conditions can impose a limitation on the Hosting Capacity (HC) of an electrical distribution feeder for PV interconnections in the feeder's low-voltage network. This is undesirable as it curtails PV interconnection of both residential and commercial customers in the secondary networks at a time when there are record numbers of interconnection requests by utilities' customers. The authors analyse the limitations on HC due to transformer loading and degradation considerations. Then, the paper proposes a battery energy storage system (BESS) dispatch strategy that will mitigate the limitation on distribution feeder HC by distribution transformers. Three scenarios of HC were simulated for a test network—HC evaluation without restrictions by the distribution transformer (scenario 1), HC evaluation with restrictions by the distribution transformer (scenario 2), and HC evaluation without restriction by the distribution transformer, and with the implementation of the proposed BESS mitigation strategy (scenario 3). Simulation results show that transformer lifetime is depleted to about 6% of expected lifetime for unrestricted HC in scenario 1. Curtailing the HC by 32% in scenario 2 improves the lifetime to 149% of expected lifetime. Implementing the proposed BESS in scenario 3 improves the transformer lifetime to 127% and increases the HC by 62% above the curtailed value in scenario 2, and by 10% above the original HC in scenario 1. The BESS strategy implementation produced cost savings of 49% and 27% of the transformer cost in scenarios 2 and 3, respectively, due to deferred transformer replacement. Conversely, there is a 1600% replacement cost incurred in scenario 1, which underscores the need for a mitigation strategy. The proposed BESS strategy does not only improve the HC of a distribution feeder but also increases a distribution transformer's lifetime leading to replacement cost savings.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"465-478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved topology identification for distribution network with relatively balanced power supplies 改进具有相对平衡电源的配电网络拓扑识别

IF 2.4

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12142

Wenpeng Luan, Da Xu, Bo Liu, Wenqian Jiang, Li Feng, Wenbin Liu

{"title":"Improved topology identification for distribution network with relatively balanced power supplies","authors":"Wenpeng Luan, Da Xu, Bo Liu, Wenqian Jiang, Li Feng, Wenbin Liu","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12142","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12142","url":null,"abstract":"Having correct distribution network topology information is essential for system state estimation, line loss analysis, electricity theft detection and fault location. At present, with continuous deployment of smart sensors, a large amount of monitoring data is collected, which enables refined management for distribution network. A data-driven low voltage (LV) distribution network topology identification method is proposed, which realises transformer-customer pairing and customer phase identification for distribution network with relatively balanced power supplies. Firstly, an integrated similarity coefficient of voltage curve is proposed, which can reflect the neighbourhood relationship within stations while increase the distinction between stations; the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) algorithm is used to propagate the service transformer labels to complete transformer-customer association. Then, the influence of power fluctuation on voltage curve is analysed and a dynamic sliding window model is adopted to search for voltage segments with significantly difference among three phase feeders to formulate a voltage time series to identify customer phase. Finally, the results are corrected and verified based on the principle of network power balance. The proposed algorithm is tested in two different real substations in China and Europe and shows high accuracy and robustness especially in distribution network with relatively balanced power supplies.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 2","pages":"162-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wind energy system fault classification and detection using deep convolutional neural network and particle swarm optimization-extreme gradient boosting 利用深度卷积神经网络和粒子群优化-极梯度提升技术进行风能系统故障分类和检测

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12144

Chun-Yao Lee, Edu Daryl C. Maceren

{"title":"Wind energy system fault classification and detection using deep convolutional neural network and particle swarm optimization-extreme gradient boosting","authors":"Chun-Yao Lee, Edu Daryl C. Maceren","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12144","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12144","url":null,"abstract":"Wind energy is crucial in the global shift towards a sustainable energy system. Thus, this research innovatively addresses the challenges in wind energy system fault classification and detection, emphasising the integration of robust machine learning methodologies. Our study focuses on enhancing fault management through supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, addressing imbalanced data representation issues and error vulnerabilities. A key innovation lies in applying particle swarm optimisation-tuned extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) on imbalanced SCADA datasets, combining resampled SCADA data with deep learning features produced by deep convolutional neural networks. The novel use of PSO-XGBoost showcases effectiveness in optimising parameters and ensuring model robustness. Furthermore, our research contributes to supervised and unsupervised anomaly detection models using Seasonal-Trend decomposition using locally estimated scatterplot smoothing and PSO-XGBoost, presenting substantial advancements in fault classification and prediction metrics. Overall, the study offers a unique, integrated framework for fault management, demonstrating improved reliability in predictive maintenance architectures. Lastly, it highlights the transformative potential of advanced machine learning in enhancing sustainability within efficient and clean energy production.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"479-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interval analysis of the small-signal stability of grid-connected voltage-source converter system considering multiparameter uncertainty 考虑多参数不确定性的并网电压源变流器系统小信号稳定性区间分析

IF 2.4

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12141

Fuxin Ouyang, Zhenguo Shao, Changxu Jiang, Yan Zhang, Feixiong Chen

{"title":"Interval analysis of the small-signal stability of grid-connected voltage-source converter system considering multiparameter uncertainty","authors":"Fuxin Ouyang, Zhenguo Shao, Changxu Jiang, Yan Zhang, Feixiong Chen","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.12141","url":null,"abstract":"Grid-connected voltage source converters (VSCs) have been broadly applied in modern power system. However, instability issues may be triggered by the integration of grid-connected VSCs, jeopardising the operation of the power grid. Conventional stability analysis methods can be utilised to derive system stability margins under nominal conditions. Whereas grid-connected VSCs inevitably operate under multiparameter uncertainty, which may result in overly optimistic or even incorrect estimations of stability margins, thereby posing potential risks to system operation. To address this issue, an interval small-signal stability analysis approach is proposed to investigate the system stability under multiparameter uncertainty. First, the interval state-space model of the grid-connected VSC system is constructed based on interval symbolic linearisation. Furthermore, the interval eigenvalue decomposition is introduced to calculate the interval eigenvalue distribution of the interval state-space model. Eventually, the upper bounds of the real part of the dominant interval eigenvalues are utilised for deriving interval stable parameter regions. Results of Monte Carlo analysis and time-domain simulations of the grid-connected VSC system are utilised to verify the effectiveness of the proposed interval stability analysis method.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 2","pages":"144-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recovery strategy of distribution network based on dynamic island rescue under extreme weather 极端天气下基于动态孤岛救援的配电网恢复策略

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12140

Xinrui Liu, Qingkun Meng, Rui Wang, Chaoyu Dong, Qiuye Sun

{"title":"Recovery strategy of distribution network based on dynamic island rescue under extreme weather","authors":"Xinrui Liu, Qingkun Meng, Rui Wang, Chaoyu Dong, Qiuye Sun","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12140","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12140","url":null,"abstract":"The frequent occurrence of various extreme weather has a great influence on the normal and stable operation of the distribution network. In order to minimise the large-scale power loss of the distribution network caused by extreme weather, considering that most of the practical disasters are concurrent with various weather types, and each disaster is independent of each other. A unified failure rate calculation model is proposed, which includes line break, short circuit, tower fall, insulator flashover etc., to realise disaster scenario prediction. Secondly, a resilience evaluation index of island rescue based on mobile energy storage system (IR-MESS) is proposed. Thirdly, considering the flexibility of MESS, the pre-disaster scheduling of MESS is carried out according to the predicted disaster scenario. After the disaster occurs, a spatio-temporal optimisation scheduling model based on the rescue state and charge state of MESS is proposed, and a dynamic IR-MESS is formed to provide power supply for important loads in out-of-load areas of the distribution network. Finally, taking the actual ice disaster in northeast China as an example, the results show that the rescue strategy based on IR-MESS proposed in this paper can effectively elevate the resilience of the distribution network.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"451-464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive survey of low-carbon planning and operation of electricity, hydrogen fuel, and transportation networks 电力、氢燃料和交通网络的低碳规划与运营综合调查

IF 2.4

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12139

Yeao Zhou, Sheng Chen, Jiayu Chen

{"title":"A comprehensive survey of low-carbon planning and operation of electricity, hydrogen fuel, and transportation networks","authors":"Yeao Zhou, Sheng Chen, Jiayu Chen","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12139","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12139","url":null,"abstract":"The trend of global energy systems towards carbon neutrality has led to an escalating interdependency between electricity, hydrogen fuel, and transportation networks. However, the means of surmounting the many challenges confronting the optimal coupling and coordination of electric power, hydrogen fuel, and transportation systems are not sufficiently understood to guide modern infrastructure planning operations. The present work addresses this issue by surveying the extant literature, relevant government policies, and future development trends to evaluate the present state of technology available for coordinating these systems and then determine the most pressing issues that remain to be addressed to facilitate future trends. On the one hand, the users of transportation networks represent flexible consumers of electric power and hydrogen fuel for those connected via devices such as electric vehicles and hydrogen fuel cell vehicles through charging stations and hydrogen refuelling stations. On the other hand, power grids can mitigate the negative effect of random charging behaviours on grid security through time-of-use electricity pricing, while excess renewable energy outputs can be applied to generate hydrogen fuel. The findings of this overview offer support for infrastructure planning and operations. Finally, the most urgent issues requiring further research are summarised.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 2","pages":"89-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140428193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A distributed robust state estimation method based on alternating direction method of multipliers for integrated electricity-heat system 基于交变方向乘法的分布式鲁棒状态估计方法，适用于电热一体化系统

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12133

Yanbo Chen, Yulong Gao, Zhe Fang, Jiaqi Li, Zhenda Hu, Yichao Zou, Jin Ma, Chunlai Li, Qinze Xiao, Zeyu Chen

{"title":"A distributed robust state estimation method based on alternating direction method of multipliers for integrated electricity-heat system","authors":"Yanbo Chen, Yulong Gao, Zhe Fang, Jiaqi Li, Zhenda Hu, Yichao Zou, Jin Ma, Chunlai Li, Qinze Xiao, Zeyu Chen","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12133","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12133","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated electricity-heat system (IEHS) has been paid more and more attention in recent years for its advantage in improving energy efficiency, reducing carbon emissions and increasing renewable energy penetration. To ensure the safety, reliability and economic operation of IEHS, several centralised state estimation (SE) methods for IEHS have been proposed. However, power systems and heat systems often belong to different management entities, and there are industrial barriers such as information privacy, operational differences, and target differences between them, which leads to less applicability of centralised SE methods. In addition, the robustness of existing distributed SE methods for IEHS is not satisfactory. To this end, a distributed robust state estimation (DRSE) model for IEHS based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is proposed. Firstly, by introducing auxiliary state variables and measurements, a robust linear SE model based on weighted least absolute values (WLAV) is proposed. Then, second-order cone constraints composed of auxiliary state variables are added to the SE model, leading a SOCP-based robust SE model. Finally, the ADMM algorithm is used to solve the proposed SOCP-based robust SE model. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed method has higher estimation accuracy in both general and strongly correlated adverse data tests and also can ensure data privacy, good robustness and high estimation accuracy. This indicates that the method proposed has good robustness and solves the problem of weak robustness of existing distributed static state estimation methods.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"375-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12133","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140451064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on future trends of electricity consumption based on conditional generative adversarial network considering dual-carbon target 基于条件生成式对抗网络的未来用电趋势研究（考虑双碳目标

IF 1.6

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-02-12 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12138

Jinghua Li, Zibei Qin, Yichen Luo, Jianfeng Chen, Shanyang Wei

{"title":"Research on future trends of electricity consumption based on conditional generative adversarial network considering dual-carbon target","authors":"Jinghua Li, Zibei Qin, Yichen Luo, Jianfeng Chen, Shanyang Wei","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12138","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12138","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of novel factors, such as the energy Internet and electricity supply-side reform within the context of the dual-carbon target (carbon peaking and carbon neutrality), has heightened the uncertainty surrounding electricity consumption (EC). This increased uncertainty poses challenges for accurate long-term EC forecasting. Due to the complexities of feature extraction and the absence of labelled data, conventional supervised learning-based forecasting methods, such as support vector machines (SVM) and long short-term memory networks (LSTM), struggle to predict EC with precision in situations of heightened uncertainty resulting from the interplay of multiple factors. To address this issue, a novel method based on a conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN) is proposed. Initially, the dominant factors influencing future electricity consumption trends through grey correlation degree analysis and the K-L information method are identified. Subsequently, an EC forecast model is introduced based on CGAN, adept at capturing essential factors and the non-linear relationship between EC and exogenous factors. This approach effectively models the uncertainty of EC, accurately approximating the true distribution with only a small dataset. Finally, the proposed method by forecasting China's EC from 2015 to 2020 is validated. The results demonstrate that the authors’ method achieves lower root mean square error and mean absolute percentage error values, specifically 0.177% and 2.39%, respectively, outperforming established advanced methods such as SVM and LSTM.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 4","pages":"437-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12138","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139784847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supercapacitor-based coordinated synthetic inertia scheme for voltage source converter-based HVDC integrated offshore wind farm 基于超级电容器的协调合成惯性方案，用于基于电压源变流器的 HVDC 集成海上风电场

IF 2.4

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2024-02-07 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.12137

Jiebei Zhu, Meiqi Shi, Lujie Yu, Junbo Zhao, Siqi Bu, Chi Yung Chung, Campbell D. Booth

{"title":"Supercapacitor-based coordinated synthetic inertia scheme for voltage source converter-based HVDC integrated offshore wind farm","authors":"Jiebei Zhu, Meiqi Shi, Lujie Yu, Junbo Zhao, Siqi Bu, Chi Yung Chung, Campbell D. Booth","doi":"10.1049/esi2.12137","DOIUrl":"10.1049/esi2.12137","url":null,"abstract":"A supercapacitor-based coordinated synthetic inertia (SCSI) scheme for a voltage source converter-based HVDC (VSC-HVDC)-integrated offshore wind farm (OWF) is proposed. The proposed SCSI allows the OWF to provide a designated inertial response to an onshore grid. Under the SCSI scheme, a supercapacitor is added to the DC side of each wind turbine generator via a bidirectional DC/DC converter, varying its voltage along with the offshore frequency to synthesise the desired inertial response. The HVDC grid side VSC employs a DC voltage/frequency droop control to convey the onshore frequency information to DC voltage without communication. Meanwhile, the wind farm side VSC regulates the offshore frequency to couple with the conveyed onshore frequency, considering voltage drop across the DC cables. An offshore frequency switching algorithm is incorporated to avoid undesired SCSI maloperation under offshore faults. The key parameters of the proposed SCSI are optimised through a small signal stability analysis. The effectiveness of the SCSI scheme is evaluated using a modified IEEE 39-bus test system. The results show that the proposed SCSI scheme can provide required inertial support from WTG-installed supercapacitors to the onshore grid through the VSC-HVDC link, significantly improving the onshore frequency stability.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"6 1","pages":"5-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.12137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0