IET Energy Systems Integration最新文献

A Data-Driven Framework for Grid Frequency Regulation Leveraging Aggregated Flexibility of Heterogeneous Resources Considering Network Delays 考虑网络延迟、利用异构资源聚合灵活性的电网频率调节数据驱动框架

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-30 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70039

Kingshuk Roy, Sanjoy Debbarma

{"title":"A Data-Driven Framework for Grid Frequency Regulation Leveraging Aggregated Flexibility of Heterogeneous Resources Considering Network Delays","authors":"Kingshuk Roy, Sanjoy Debbarma","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70039","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of large-scale renewables has exacerbated frequency instability, revealing the limits of conventional frequency regulation frameworks in controlling deviations and incentivising fast-acting units (FAUs). Although the mileage-based payment framework promotes FAUs’ participation in automatic generation control (AGC) services, efficient instruction dispatch (ID) across an increasing number of heterogeneous AGC units remains challenging. The existing mileage-based payment framework lacks validation under intermittent generation or generation outages scenarios. This work proposes a data-driven ID framework with a modified payment scheme, adding a penalty term for refining mileage calculation to handle intermittent generation or generation outages during AGC operation. The framework uses a multihead attention-based encoder–decoder model, where the encoder extracts latent features and the decoder predicts unit-specific instructions. Attention mechanism improves accuracy by prioritising critical features, whereas L2 normalisation, dropout and k-fold cross-validation enhance models' robustness under unforeseen scenarios. The model aggregates the flexibility of multiple FAUs into a single entity, termed the FAU aggregator. Trained on a synthetic dataset generated from the evolutionary optimisation-based ID framework and validation on an interconnected system accounting for disturbance due to intermittent renewable energy sources' output, FAU variability and stochastic communication effects. The results demonstrate a reduction in both frequency deviation and area control error in comparison with other ID frameworks.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emergency Power Sharing by Using a Self-Traction System in a Mass Rapid Transit Railway 基于自牵引系统的快速轨道交通应急电力共享

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-20 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70040

Banri Khemkladmuk, Chanchai Techawatcharapaikul, Thanatchai Kulworawanichpong

{"title":"Emergency Power Sharing by Using a Self-Traction System in a Mass Rapid Transit Railway","authors":"Banri Khemkladmuk, Chanchai Techawatcharapaikul, Thanatchai Kulworawanichpong","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70040","url":null,"abstract":"Systemwide traction power outages in mass rapid transit systems (MRTSs) can cause trains to stop between stations, leading to service disruption and urgent passenger evacuation requirements. Onboard emergency self-traction systems (ESTSs) can mitigate this risk by enabling a stranded train to reach the nearest station at low speed. However, installing and maintaining ESTS on every train can increase implementation and lifecycle costs, motivating approaches that can ensure evacuation with partial ESTS deployment. This article introduces a power-sharing framework for ESTS in an MRTS. The primary aim is to reduce the number of ESTS units needed by facilitating power sharing between trains equipped with ESTS and those without it, while guaranteeing that all trains can safely and quickly evacuate passengers to the nearest station during a systemwide power outage. This study examines the Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS) Skytrain Silom Line (dark green line) in Thailand, through computer simulation parameterised by real-world line and operational data, to evaluate the viability of this concept. It analyses variables such as the quantity of trains outfitted with ESTS, the distance from the train to the station where it halted, particular train specifications and additional pertinent aspects. The results reveal that ESTS can efficiently provide backup power to equipped trains and share surplus energy with other trains within the sharing radius with a success rate of 72.41%. This underscores the viability of ESTS operations and aids in the advancement of a more sustainable and efficient MRTS, despite the inherent constraints of ESTS.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147567387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revolutionising Battery Energy Storage Systems Energy Management: Dynamic-Aware Solutions With Integrated Quantum Particle Swarm Optimisation and Deep Reinforcement Learning 革命性的电池储能系统能量管理：集成量子粒子群优化和深度强化学习的动态感知解决方案

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70038

Yousef Asadi, Mohsen Eskandari, Milad Mansouri

{"title":"Revolutionising Battery Energy Storage Systems Energy Management: Dynamic-Aware Solutions With Integrated Quantum Particle Swarm Optimisation and Deep Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Yousef Asadi, Mohsen Eskandari, Milad Mansouri","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) into microgrids (MGs) poses considerable challenges for dynamic stability and energy management, primarily due to their variable and uncertain inertia and damping characteristics. Unlike conventional synchronous generators (SGs), IBRs exhibit complex nonlinear behaviour, complicating both mathematical modelling and real-time control. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are essential for ensuring grid stability, operational efficiency and flexibility. Nevertheless, dynamic-aware energy management of BESS remains insufficiently explored, with current approaches often lacking adaptability to uncertainty and real-time requirements. This paper proposes a two-step hybrid framework combining quantum particle swarm optimisation (Q-PSO) with deep reinforcement learning (DRL). In the first step, Q-PSO efficiently generates an initial solution, significantly reducing computational demands. Subsequently, DRL dynamically refines this solution, effectively managing real-time uncertainties linked to inertia and damping variations. The proposed method addresses the non-Markovian nature of MG dynamics by constraining the DRL action space using the Q-PSO-derived solution, thereby alleviating the curse of dimensionality and enhancing training stability. Furthermore, dynamic constraints on frequency deviations and the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) are incorporated to maintain robust grid stability during transients. Extensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed dynamic-aware energy management system (EMS) achieves economic efficiency improvements of 52.2% compared to Q-PSO alone and 22.7% compared to DQN alone. Additionally, BESS charging efficiency improves by 39.6% and 22.7%, whereas discharging efficiency increases by 38.3% and 28.25%, respectively, against the same benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attentive Dual-Domain Modelling for Error-Resilient Net Load Forecasting in Intermittent Renewable Power Systems 间断性可再生能源系统误差弹性净负荷预测的细心双域建模

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-10 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70037

Bizhi Wu, Zhiyi Li

{"title":"Attentive Dual-Domain Modelling for Error-Resilient Net Load Forecasting in Intermittent Renewable Power Systems","authors":"Bizhi Wu, Zhiyi Li","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70037","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate long-sequence net load forecasting is essential for reliable grid operation and renewable integration, yet it remains challenging under quasi-periodicity, sharp weather-driven variability and long-range error accumulation. We propose HarmoNet, an end-to-end dual-domain architecture for long-horizon deterministic and interval forecasting. HarmoNet (i) encodes coupled low/high-frequency representations with multi-scale temporal signals, (ii) integrates local pattern modelling and global dependency learning via a hybrid convolutional-transformer block and (iii) aggregates horizon-wide representations to mitigate drift in long-range prediction. Uncertainty is estimated with quantile regression (10%–50%–90%). We evaluate HarmoNet on four-year hourly net-load datasets from Belgium, Bulgaria and Italy (2016–2019) derived from the Open Power System Data platform, using eight exogenous meteorological covariates, over horizons of 96/192/336/720 h. Relative to the strongest baseline per dataset-horizon setting, HarmoNet reduces MAE by 14.2% on average (up to 22.5% on Italy at 720 h) and achieves average reductions of 28.4% in the Winkler score and 13.0% in pinball loss. Under deployment-oriented stress tests spanning high-volatility, peak-spike and steep-ramp windows, HarmoNet attains the best deterministic accuracy in 27/36 windows and the best probabilistic performance in 32/36 windows, indicating robust and deployment-friendly long-horizon forecasting.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147564744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Intelligent Robust Control Framework for Stability Enhancement in Renewable Energy Powered Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids With Integrated Hydrogen Energy Systems 集成氢能系统的可再生能源混合交直流微电网稳定性增强智能鲁棒控制框架

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-07 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70035

Md Saiful Islam, Israt Jahan Bushra, Tushar Kanti Roy, Amanullah Maung Than Oo

{"title":"An Intelligent Robust Control Framework for Stability Enhancement in Renewable Energy Powered Hybrid AC/DC Microgrids With Integrated Hydrogen Energy Systems","authors":"Md Saiful Islam, Israt Jahan Bushra, Tushar Kanti Roy, Amanullah Maung Than Oo","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70035","url":null,"abstract":"Hybrid AC/DC microgrids that integrate photovoltaic, wind, battery and hydrogen energy systems are prone to DC-bus voltage fluctuations because of their low inertia and converter-based operation. This paper proposes a robust backstepping nonsingular fast terminal integral sliding mode controller that incorporates a virtual capacitor and a fractional-power reaching law to emulate synthetic inertia and improve transient damping. The controller coordinates energy exchange among distributed generation units and ensures precise DC-bus voltage regulation while managing bidirectional power transfer between AC and DC subgrids. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system automatically tunes the controller gains in real time, and system stability is rigorously established through control Lyapunov functions. A detailed MATLAB/Simulink model, comprising PV, PMSG-based wind turbine, battery storage, electrolyser and PEM fuel cell, implements ANN-based MPPT to maximise renewable energy harvesting. The BNFTISMC is evaluated in three case studies against two benchmark controllers: the enhanced integral terminal SMC and the enhanced nonsingular terminal SMC. Under severe disturbances and varying load conditions, the proposed controller cuts overshoot by 75%–100%, reduces rise time by 58%–80% and completely eliminates mean absolute and mean squared errors. Processor-in-the-loop testing confirms zero steady-state error, whereas converter efficiency reaches 95.78% compared with 69.21% for the reference designs, demonstrating improved DC-bus voltage regulation, enhanced microgrid reliability and efficient real-time operation.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved Additional Damping Control for Synchronisation Stability Enhancement of Grid-Following Converters Under Multi-Loop Couplings Effects 多环耦合下电网跟随变换器同步稳定性增强的改进附加阻尼控制

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70032

Guojie Song, Hong Li, Kaishun Xiahou, Bin Liu, Yanming Chen

{"title":"Improved Additional Damping Control for Synchronisation Stability Enhancement of Grid-Following Converters Under Multi-Loop Couplings Effects","authors":"Guojie Song, Hong Li, Kaishun Xiahou, Bin Liu, Yanming Chen","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70032","url":null,"abstract":"In the small-signal synchronisation stability analysis of grid-following converters (GFL), the detailed interactions among multi-loop control mechanisms are often oversimplified or neglected, leading to significant modelling inaccuracies and potential stability assessment failures. To address this issue, this paper presents a motion-equation-based model for GFL converter that comprehensively incorporates multi-loop control dynamics, including the current control loop, AC voltage control loop, DC-link voltage control loop and PLL. Based on the proposed model, the coupling characteristics of multi-loop control are explicitly analysed and visualised in terms of system damping. The analysis reveals that low-frequency oscillations in GFL converters can be attributed to unintended negative damping induced by multi-loop control couplings. To mitigate this issue, an improved additional damping control (IADC) strategy is proposed, which enhances the synchronisation stability via effectively compensating for the negative damping caused by multi-loop interactions. Finally, the simulation and experiment studies are presented to validate the proposed analysis results and the effectiveness of the IADC strategy.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147563054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Voltage Control Strategies in Distribution Systems With High Distributed Generation Penetration: Models, Methods and Future Research 高分布式发电渗透率配电系统的电压控制策略：模型、方法及未来研究

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70036

Htutzaw Hein, Jiebei Zhu, Lujie Yu, Zequn Liu, Xiaolong Liu, Siyang Xu, Yi Hao

{"title":"Voltage Control Strategies in Distribution Systems With High Distributed Generation Penetration: Models, Methods and Future Research","authors":"Htutzaw Hein, Jiebei Zhu, Lujie Yu, Zequn Liu, Xiaolong Liu, Siyang Xu, Yi Hao","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent global research on voltage control in distribution systems with high penetration of distributed generation. First, it examines voltage regulation challenges in distribution systems that integrate distributed generation. Second, it reviews the implementation of voltage control devices and strategies and discusses key factors influencing their deployment, including system modelling and optimisation methods. Third, the paper covers a wide range of control strategies, including local, centralized, decentralized, distributed, hierarchical and hybrid approaches and systematically compares them in terms of distribution system structures, control variables, optimisation techniques and solution methodologies, providing insights into their suitability for modern distribution system operation. Fourth, voltage control strategies and solution methodologies are analysed in discussion based on comparative results reported in the literature. Finally, future research directions are outlined, including artificial intelligence (AI)–driven control with hierarchical and hybrid strategies and electric vehicle based active and reactive power support for voltage regulation, as well as system security and privacy considerations.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147569768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributionally Robust Coordinated Scheduling of Power-Transportation Systems Considering Bounded Rationality and Flexible Swapping of Electric Vehicles 考虑有限理性和电动汽车柔性交换的电力运输系统分布式鲁棒协调调度

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70033

Mengkai Hu, Sheng Chen, Sixian Li, Zhinong Wei

{"title":"Distributionally Robust Coordinated Scheduling of Power-Transportation Systems Considering Bounded Rationality and Flexible Swapping of Electric Vehicles","authors":"Mengkai Hu, Sheng Chen, Sixian Li, Zhinong Wei","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"Large-scale electric vehicles (EVs) integration demand coordinated power-transportation systems to optimise charging loads and grid flexibility, whereas existing strategies inadequately address range anxiety, peak demands and photovoltaic (PV) operational uncertainties. To address these issues, this work proposes a power-transportation coordination model integrating flexible swapping. The model strategically guides EV users towards swapping stations by embedding bounded rationality parameters within a stochastic user equilibrium framework, mitigating anxiety while balancing charging-swapping loads. This work also develops a distributionally robust optimisation framework to address PV uncertainty, enhancing resilience against generation fluctuations. Numerical simulations demonstrate that battery swapping integration significantly reduces distribution network peak loads and shortens user waiting times compared to charging-only approaches. The proposed method outperforms deterministic models by reducing conservativeness and aligning more closely with real-world operational dynamics, validating its efficacy in harmonising user behaviour and grid constraints under uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stochastic Microgrid Scheduling With Chance-Constrained Resilience Consideration 考虑机会约束弹性的随机微电网调度

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-02-25 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70034

Guodong Liu, Michael R. Starke, Tao Jiang

{"title":"Stochastic Microgrid Scheduling With Chance-Constrained Resilience Consideration","authors":"Guodong Liu, Michael R. Starke, Tao Jiang","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"Traditionally, it is assumed that microgrids transition seamlessly from grid-connected operation to islanded mode in the event of sudden main grid outages. In reality, the islanding process, especially unintentional islanding, is rarely seamless. Instead, it is subject to voltage and frequency fluctuations caused by the instantaneous disconnection of the point of common coupling (PCC) switch, variations in loads and renewable generation output and even the protection tripping of distributed energy resources (DERs). To mitigate these fluctuations and facilitate a smooth islanding process, we propose a stochastic microgrid scheduling model that incorporates chance-constrained resilience measures. Specifically, the resilience measure is defined as the probability of successful islanding (PSI), that is, the probability that a microgrid can mitigate the generation-demand imbalance caused by the disconnection of the PCC switch, variations in load and renewable generation and DER tripping. This measure is modelled using chance constraints. Unlike existing reliability and resilience indices, which typically neglect the possibility of microgrid/DER failure under extreme events and assume their survival while primarily focussing on reducing impact duration or magnitude, the proposed PSI-based framework explicitly addresses microgrid and DER survival during the islanding transition. The formulated nonlinear chance constraints are approximated using a multiinterval approach and equivalently represented as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. Case study results validate the proposed method, showing that the PSI estimation error is reduced to less than 8%, compared to approximately 28% with existing methods. Various sensitivity analyses on the DER tripping rate and PSI settings were performed to validate the robustness of the proposed method. In particular, the necessity of accounting for DER tripping in the PSI calculation was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147568708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distributionally Robust Expansion Planning Considering Flexibility for Distribution Network With Soft Open Points 考虑软开放点配电网柔性的配电网鲁棒扩展规划

IF 1.7

IET Energy Systems Integration Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1049/esi2.70031

Qianyu Zhao, Luyang Wang, Xiang Li, Shouxiang Wang, Lanqian Yang, Yanming Tian

{"title":"Distributionally Robust Expansion Planning Considering Flexibility for Distribution Network With Soft Open Points","authors":"Qianyu Zhao, Luyang Wang, Xiang Li, Shouxiang Wang, Lanqian Yang, Yanming Tian","doi":"10.1049/esi2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/esi2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid integration of renewable energy generators (REGs) alongside flexibility resources into the grid introduces significant data complexities, alongside increased unpredictability and variability within the distribution network. Reasonable allocation of flexibility resources can improve the utilisation of REGs and the flexibility of the distribution network. Addressing these challenges, an innovative two-stage model for distribution network expansion planning is proposed in this paper. The model uniquely combines the construction of new substations, the extension of existing lines, the integration of soft open points (SOPs) and strategic siting and sizing of energy storage systems (ESSs). Specifically, considering that SOPs can quickly regulate node voltages, thereby proposing flexibility zones as novel metrics to gauge the adaptability of the distribution network. Furthermore, a multivariate copula function is employed to delineate the correlation between REGs outputs and loads. This approach, devoid of reliance on extensive historical datasets, leverages discrete scenario ambiguity sets alongside norm theory to enhance scenario generation. To navigate the intricacies of the proposed model, a structured solution methodology encapsulated in a three-level process is developed. Validation through numerical simulations on the modified Portugal 54-bus system underscores the robustness and practicality of the methodology and solution framework in facilitating informed decision-making.","PeriodicalId":33288,"journal":{"name":"IET Energy Systems Integration","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/esi2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0