Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering最新文献_第8页

EMG Controlled Soft Robotic Bicep Augmentation 肌电控制软机器人肱二头肌增强

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-11716

Jiayue Zhang, Daniel Vanderbilt, Ethan Fitz, Janet Dong

{"title":"EMG Controlled Soft Robotic Bicep Augmentation","authors":"Jiayue Zhang, Daniel Vanderbilt, Ethan Fitz, Janet Dong","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11716","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Repeated lifting tasks are often required of industrial workers. Such repetitive loading of workers’ arms throughout the workday can lead to injury and fatigue. This paper details the development and prototyping of a wearable soft robotic device to augment a worker’s arms by sensing and mimicking the contractions of their arm muscles. The device shares lifting loads with the user’s muscles to increase their lifting capacity, thereby preventing injury and reducing fatigue. The human arm contains many muscles that coordinate to produce movement. However, as a simplified proof of concept, this project developed a prototype to augment just the biceps brachii muscle since it is the primary pulling muscle used in lifting movements. Key components of the prototype include a soft robotic actuator analogous to the biceps, a control system for the actuator, and a method of attaching the actuator to the user’s arm. The McKibben-inspired pneumatic muscle was chosen as the soft actuator of the prototype. The Electromyography (EMG) and pressure sensors are used to inform a hybrid control algorithm combining PID and model-based control methods. The method and results of the design and preliminary feasibility testing of the pneumatic muscle, the controlling algorithm, and the overall prototype are discussed in this paper. Based on these results, a wearable EMG controlled soft robotic arm augmentation could feasibly increase the endurance of industrial workers performing repetitive lifting tasks.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129414724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Study of Mechanosensing of an Osteoblast at Focal Adhesions Under Cyclic Strain Using Magnetic Micropillars 磁微柱在循环应变下对成骨细胞黏附的机械传感研究

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-11132

T. Shiraishi, Kota Nagai

{"title":"A Study of Mechanosensing of an Osteoblast at Focal Adhesions Under Cyclic Strain Using Magnetic Micropillars","authors":"T. Shiraishi, Kota Nagai","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11132","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It has been reported that cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli. Mechanical vibration promotes the cell proliferation and the cell differentiation of osteoblast cells at 12.5 Hz and 50 Hz, respectively. It indicates that osteoblast cells have a mechansensing system for mechanical vibration. There may be some mechanosensors and we focus on cellular focal adhesions through which mechanical and biochemical signals may be transmitted from extracellular matrices into a cell. However, it is very difficult to directly apply mechanical stimuli to focal adhesions. We developed a magnetic micropillar substrate on which micron-sized pillars are deflected according to applied magnetic field strength and focal adhesions adhering to the top surface of the pillars are given mechanical stimuli. In this paper, we focus on intracellular calcium ion as a second messenger of cellular mechanosensing and investigate the mechanosensing mechanism of an osteoblast cell at focal adhesions under cyclic strain using a magnetic micropillar substrate. The experimental results indicate that the magnetic micropillars have enough performance to response to an electric current applied to a coil in an electromagnet and to apply the cyclic strain of less than 3% to a cell. In the cyclic strain of less than 3%, the calcium response of a cell was not observed.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122259770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Constitutive Material Model With Strain-Rate Dependency for Brain Tissue 具有应变率依赖性的脑组织本构材料模型

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-10742

M. H. Farid, M. Ramzanpour, M. Ziejewski, G. Karami

{"title":"A Constitutive Material Model With Strain-Rate Dependency for Brain Tissue","authors":"M. H. Farid, M. Ramzanpour, M. Ziejewski, G. Karami","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-10742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10742","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In almost all scenarios of traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), the brain tissue goes under mechanical loading at high strain rates. In experimental works, it has also shown that brain tissue behavior is highly rate-dependent. We are presenting here the results of a study on mechanical properties of bovine brain tissue under unconfined compression tests at different rates. The tissue specimens are compressed with deformation rates of 10, 100, and 1000 mm/sec, respectively. We observed the tissue is showing a viscoelastic behavior and become stiffer under increasing strain rates. We developed a nonlinear viscoelastic rate-dependent constitutive model to be calibrated with the test results. The material parameters for this constitutive model have been validated for the above tested results. The model was examined against other rates and agrees well. The study will provide new insight into a better understanding of the rate-dependency behavior of the brain tissue under dynamic conditions. The work is a step forward in understanding the material characteristics of brain tissue for TBI analysis and prediction under loading or high kinematical motions.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122675492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Effects of Extrusion Temperature and Printing Direction in Bioprinting on Profile Accuracy of 3D Printed Constructs 生物打印中挤压温度和打印方向对3D打印结构体轮廓精度的影响

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-12150

Ketan Thakare, Xingjian Wei, Hongmin Qin, Z. Pei

引用次数: 0

Design and Characterization of an Automated Assistive Knee Brace for Leg Muscle Rehabilitation 一种用于腿部肌肉康复的自动辅助膝支具的设计和特性

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-11802

Sohail Zaidi, A. Huynh, Peara Thach, I. Rubio, Harsh Patel, V. Viswanathan

{"title":"Design and Characterization of an Automated Assistive Knee Brace for Leg Muscle Rehabilitation","authors":"Sohail Zaidi, A. Huynh, Peara Thach, I. Rubio, Harsh Patel, V. Viswanathan","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11802","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The advances in the field of mechatronics and robotics have allowed us to create a variety of medical devices. Comparable advances are not reported in the area of rehabilitation and assistive devices. In the prior work, the authors have created an automated orthotic knee joint that provides assistance to the victims of partial paralysis. This device uses electromyography sensors to gather impulse signals and use pneumatic actuators in the form of fluidic muscles. A microcontroller is used to interpret the signals from the sensors and uses a feedback control loop to provide augmented strength and mobility to the wearer. This paper reports a couple of experiments performed to characterize the behavior of this knee brace. Firstly, the brace is operated stand-alone with the help of electromyography sensors attached to a healthy individual. The system provided reaction times from one to three seconds, which is reasonable for an assistive device. Next, the system is attached to a mannequin that mimics the behavior of a human knee. While the brace is observed to be behaving as expected, the reaction times were significantly higher than that of the natural motion of the human leg. The study provided insights about several parameters that need to be optimized before the brace is completely operational.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131159447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design and Fabrication of a Universal Gripper for Children With Special Needs 有特殊需要的儿童通用夹持器的设计与制造

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-10992

Ajay Kumar Vijaya Kumar, E. Schweitzer, J. Baer, D. Piovesan

引用次数: 0

Real Time Pattern Recognition for Prosthetic Hand 假手的实时模式识别

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-11788

Mario A. Benitez Lopez, C. Rodríguez, Jonathan Camargo

{"title":"Real Time Pattern Recognition for Prosthetic Hand","authors":"Mario A. Benitez Lopez, C. Rodríguez, Jonathan Camargo","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-11788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11788","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Control of prosthetic hands is still an open problem, currently, commercial prostheses use direct myoelectric control for this purpose. However, as mechanical design advances, more dexterous prostheses with more degrees of freedom (DOF) are created, then a more precise control is required. State of the art has focused in the use of pattern recognition as a control strategy with promising results. Studies have shown similar results to classic control strategies with the advantage of being more intuitive for the user. Many works have tried to find the algorithms that best follows the user’s intention. However, deployment of these algorithms for real-time classification in a prosthesis has not been widely explored. This paper addresses this problem by deploying and testing in real-time an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The ANN was trained to classify three different motions: no grasp, precision grasp and power grasp in order to control a two DOF trans-radial prosthetic hand with electromyographic signals acquired from two channels. Static and dynamic tests were made to evaluate the ANN under those conditions, 95% and 81% accuracy scores were reached respectively. Our work shows the potential of pattern recognition algorithms to be deployed in microcontrollers that can fit inside myoelectric prostheses.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134345450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robotic Knee Orthosis for Hemiplegic Patients to Prevent Falls During Walking Rehabilitation 机器人膝关节矫形器在偏瘫患者行走康复中预防跌倒

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-10382

Ryuji Tsuzuki, Taku Itami, K. Yano, T. Aoki, Y. Nishimoto

引用次数: 0

Effects of the Non-Newtonian Viscosity of Milk Flow in the Breast Ductal System 乳管系统中乳流非牛顿粘度的影响

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-12159

Jamasp Azarnoosh, F. Hassanipour

引用次数: 7

Enhancing Fractional Flow Reserve Procedure in Stenosis Diagnosis 加强分流储备程序在狭窄诊断中的应用

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2019-11-11 DOI: 10.1115/imece2019-10425

Yasser Abuouf, S. Ookawara, Mahmoud A. Ahmed

{"title":"Enhancing Fractional Flow Reserve Procedure in Stenosis Diagnosis","authors":"Yasser Abuouf, S. Ookawara, Mahmoud A. Ahmed","doi":"10.1115/imece2019-10425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10425","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Stenosis is abnormal narrowing of blood vessels that causes a shortage in blood supply and a blockage of an artery Diagnosis of its severity guides the physician to determine the most appropriate treatment plan. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is currently the most accurate procedure in stenosis diagnosis. It is a guidewire based technique that uses a small sensor on the tip of the wire to measure proximal and distal pressure of the stenosis. The difficulty of using such method is placing the guidewire precisely in centerline of blood vessel. Therefore, the main objective of the current study is to investigate how the measured pressure varies with the guidewire position. Accordingly, three different positions from the blood vessel centerline along with three degrees of severity are considered. The governing equations for blood flow are obtained and numerically simulated. Numerical results are validated using the available experimental and numerical data. A good agreement between predicted and measured values are obtained. Based on the predicted results, pressure drop coefficient (CDP) and pressure recovery factor (η) are computed. The predicted results with and without the effect of existing guidewire at different location are analyzed and the certainty of fractional flow reserve is reported and discussed. The current method is very helpful to increase the accuracy of fractional flow reserve procedure in stenosis severity estimation.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126545245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2