Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering最新文献

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Hypo/Hyperglycemic Constrained Design of IV Insulin Control for Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Meal and Initial Condition Uncertainties Using Sequential Quadratic Programming 进餐和初始条件不确定的1型糖尿病患者静脉胰岛素控制的低/高血糖约束设计
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-87742
S. Nandi, T. Singh
{"title":"Hypo/Hyperglycemic Constrained Design of IV Insulin Control for Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Meal and Initial Condition Uncertainties Using Sequential Quadratic Programming","authors":"S. Nandi, T. Singh","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-87742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-87742","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this paper is on the development of an open loop controller for type 1 diabetic patients which is robust to meal and initial condition uncertainties in the presence of hypo- and hyperglycemic constraints. Bernstein polynomials are used to parametrize the evolving uncertain blood-glucose. The unique bounding properties of these polynomials are then used to enforce the desired glycemic constraints. A convex optimization problem is posed in the perturbation space of the model and is solved repeatedly to sequentially converge on a sub-optimal solution. The proposed approach is demonstrated on the classic Bergman model for Type 1 diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131609776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neck Loading Model of a Child in a Car Seat 儿童在汽车座椅上的颈部负荷模型
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-88363
G. Bohn, Veronica Valerio, C. Hall, Kathia Coronado, P. Saboori
{"title":"Neck Loading Model of a Child in a Car Seat","authors":"G. Bohn, Veronica Valerio, C. Hall, Kathia Coronado, P. Saboori","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-88363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-88363","url":null,"abstract":"It has been shown that children are susceptible to many dangers in child safety seats that do not involve a car accident. One issue involves the hyperextension of the neck muscles when the child falls asleep in a slumped position. Another issue is positional asphyxia, which is a form of asphyxia where the child’s position prevents them from breathing adequately.\u0000 The present study designed a realistic model of the cervical spine and conducted a finite element analysis to observe if and where stress and strain concentrations existed. This analysis simulated the effects of a moving vehicle on the child while their head was slumped forward.\u0000 A car seat redesign was also undertaken to overcome the afore mentioned issues. This involved employing a motor and control system.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133011549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Approach to Capture Humidity From Exhaled Air 一种从呼出空气中捕获湿度的方法
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-86507
Sandra Grau-Bartual, A. Al-Jumaily
{"title":"An Approach to Capture Humidity From Exhaled Air","authors":"Sandra Grau-Bartual, A. Al-Jumaily","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-86507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-86507","url":null,"abstract":"Lung supportive devices (LSD) are widely used for respiratory ventilation and therapy to help provide breathing support for patients with various lung diseases including Obstructive Sleep Apnea. These devices deliver air to the patient through a nasal or facial mask, and the use of these devices normally results in dryness in the upper airways. However, the exhaled air consists of very high humidity content. The question raised, is it possible to recover some of the moisture content of this air to reuse in the inhalation process.\u0000 This research focuses on developing an element which can recover the moisture from the exhaled air and the possibility of using it for re-inhalation. The main component is made up of a fibrous cotton fabric polymerized with Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) and sewed with a resistor filament to control the temperature. The results show a viable element which is able to trap water molecules from the expiration airflow and release them into the inspiration airflow.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117092317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Brain Cooling on Frequency Characteristics of the Epileptic Focus and its Surrounding Area 脑冷却对癫痫病灶及其周围区域频率特性的影响
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-87288
Saya Kumano, Takashi Saito, Kenyu Uehara
{"title":"Influence of Brain Cooling on Frequency Characteristics of the Epileptic Focus and its Surrounding Area","authors":"Saya Kumano, Takashi Saito, Kenyu Uehara","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-87288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-87288","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we examined the suppression effect of brain cooling on the epileptic focus and surrounding area. An epileptic seizure was induced in rats to obtain electrocorticography (ECoG) data when brain cooling was performed on the epileptic focus and its surroundings. Then, the frequency response characteristics were calculated by applying fast Fourier transform (FFT) and band pass filter to the obtained multichannel brain wave data. At this time, the frequency band calculated by the band pass filter was α waves (8.0–13.0Hz) and β waves (13.0–30.0 Hz) which were remarkably observed in epileptic seizure in the previous study, the analysis window of FFT was 4.095 seconds, and the overlap was 75%. As a result of comparing the calculated frequency responses for each rat, it was found that at the site where epileptic seizures were observed, power was reduced by cooling and suppressing effect was observed, whereas at the same time, the power increased at the site a few millimeters adjacent to the seizure site. This result suggests that epileptic waves suppressed by brain cooling might propagate to the surrounding area by a few millimeters.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128706446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fluid-Structure Interaction of Blood Flow in Human Aorta Under Dynamic Conditions: A Numerical Approach 动态条件下人体主动脉血流的流固耦合:数值方法
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-87793
F. Martelli, M. Milani, L. Montorsi, G. Ligabue, P. Torricelli
{"title":"Fluid-Structure Interaction of Blood Flow in Human Aorta Under Dynamic Conditions: A Numerical Approach","authors":"F. Martelli, M. Milani, L. Montorsi, G. Ligabue, P. Torricelli","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-87793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-87793","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a numerical approach for the analysis of the blood flow in human aorta under real operating conditions. An ad-hoc procedure is developed for importing the aorta geometry from magnetic resonance imaging in order to have a patient based analysis. The aortic flow is simulated accounting for the dynamic behavior of the flow resulting from the heart pulse and for the non-Newtonian properties of blood. Fluid – structure analysis is carried out to address the mutual influence of the flow transient nature and the aorta walls’ deformation on the pressure flow field and tissue’s stresses. Finite element method approach is used for the structural analysis of the aorta walls which are assumed as a linear elastic isotropic material; nevertheless, different regions are introduced to account for the Young modulus variation from the ascending aorta to the common iliac arteries. Mesh morphing techniques are adopted to simulate the wall deformation and a two equation turbulence model is adopted to include the turbulence effects.\u0000 The proposed numerical approach is validated against the measurements carried out on magnetic resonance imaging scanner and a good agreement is found in terms of aorta wall maximum and minimum deformation during the cardiac cycle. Therefore, the fluid-structure analysis can provide an important tool to extend the insight of the aortic system from magnetic resonance imaging techniques and improve the understanding of arteriosclerosis and the related phenomena as well as their dependence on flow structure and tissue stresses.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128762583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Cellular Automaton and Finite Element Hybrid Simulation to Predict Axonal Extension Enhancement of Nerve Cell Under Mechanical Stimulation 元胞自动机与有限元混合模拟预测机械刺激下神经细胞轴突伸展增强
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-86653
Shota Takeda, Y. Tomita, E. Nakamachi
{"title":"Cellular Automaton and Finite Element Hybrid Simulation to Predict Axonal Extension Enhancement of Nerve Cell Under Mechanical Stimulation","authors":"Shota Takeda, Y. Tomita, E. Nakamachi","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-86653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-86653","url":null,"abstract":"In the clinical application, the mechanical stimulation against the damaged brain tissue is adopted as the kinesitherapy for the nerve regeneration. Nevertheless, the fundamental mechanism to repair the damaged nerve cell has not been revealed yet. Recently, the cyclic stretch stimulation has been reported as the efficacious treatment method to enhance the axonal extension for regenerative therapy of injured nerve cell. Therefore, we try to develop a new cellular automaton (CA) finite element (FE) hybrid method to predict the axonal extension and nerve network generation, which can evaluate the effect of stretch stimulation on the cell body, axon and dendrites.\u0000 In the FE results, the stress concentration occurred at the junction of the axon and cell body. The maximum stress value in the axon was 8.2 kPa which is about twice as large as that of the cell body. CA adopted to predict the morphological evolution of nerve cells under the mechanical stimulation. It was confirmed that the stress affects to accelerate the axonal extension as experimentally suggested. As a result, our CAFE can be employed to simulate the axonal extension and generation of nerve network system under the condition of extra cellular mechanical stimulation.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126561808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Pre-Surgical Planning of Screw-Position Arrangement for the Femur Fractures With a Custom APP 应用定制APP进行股骨骨折螺钉位置安排的术前规划
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-86013
C. Chung, J. Lai, H. Young, Han-yuan Gao
{"title":"Pre-Surgical Planning of Screw-Position Arrangement for the Femur Fractures With a Custom APP","authors":"C. Chung, J. Lai, H. Young, Han-yuan Gao","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-86013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-86013","url":null,"abstract":"Several types of implants, plates, and screws have been developed for corresponding bone fractures at different sites. To understand the mechanical behavior of a bone plate and to provide surgeons with suggestions for selecting screw positions, this study aimed to create an APP to provide pre-surgical planning using a computed tomography (CT)-based finite element model. This model was validated using a compression test of synthetic sawbones. Furthermore, the specific APP was established using the COMSOL application builder to calculate the stress and strain of the implant under different screw positions. This APP reveals how the number and location of screws affect the stress distribution of the implant. It can provide clinicians with preliminary reference information before surgery.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127707725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a Low-Cost Mechanical Model of a Human Head 低成本人体头部力学模型的研制
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-87129
G. Foltz, Elizabeth Tillotson, B. A. Todd
{"title":"Development of a Low-Cost Mechanical Model of a Human Head","authors":"G. Foltz, Elizabeth Tillotson, B. A. Todd","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-87129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-87129","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, interest has developed in Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) and the related concussions that occur in sports at both professional and amateur levels. Subsequently there is interest in developing new types of athletic helmets to both absorb energy to detect and reduce concussions. To test these helmets, an appropriate head form must be used that will fit the helmet and also exhibit the dynamic properties of the human head. While much effort has gone into creating biofidelic heads containing instrumentation for automotive crash testing, these heads can cost upwards of $10,000. The goal of this project is to create a head form for a few hundred dollars with the appropriate dynamic properties for testing linear and angular accelerations of a helmet.\u0000 The specific goals of this project are to create a head form with the following characteristics: 1) External size and shape that will properly fit a hockey helmet; 2) Weight representative of an adult head; 3) Robust enough to withstand a thousand impact tests. The manufacture of the head form and the verification that the design goals are described.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127818141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ranking of Biomechanical Metrics to Describe Human Response to Impact-Induced Damage 描述人类对撞击引起的损伤反应的生物力学指标排名
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-88007
N. Devogel, A. Banerjee, F. Pintar, N. Yoganandan
{"title":"Ranking of Biomechanical Metrics to Describe Human Response to Impact-Induced Damage","authors":"N. Devogel, A. Banerjee, F. Pintar, N. Yoganandan","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-88007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-88007","url":null,"abstract":"Determination of human tolerance to impact-induced damage or injury is needed to assess and improve safety in military, automotive, and sport environments. Impact biomechanics experiments using post mortem human surrogates (PMHS) are routinely used to this objective. Risk curves representing the damage of the tested components of the PMHS are developed using the metrics gathered from the experimental process. To determine the metric that best explains the underlying response to the observed damage, statistical analysis is required of all the output response metrics (such as peak force to injury) along with the examination of potential covariates. This is conducted by parametric survival analysis. The objective of this study is to present a robust statistical methodology that can be effectively used to achieve these goals by choosing the best metric explaining injury and provide a ranking of the metrics. Previously published data from foot-ankle-lower leg experiments were used with two possible forms of censoring: right and left censoring or right and exact censoring, representing the no injury and injury data points in a different manner. The statistical process and scoring scheme were based on the predictive ability assessed by the Brier Score Metric (BSM) which was used to rank the metrics. Response metrics were force, time to peak, and rate. The analysis showed that BSM is effective in incorporating different covariates: age, posture, stature, device used to deliver the impact load, and the personal protective equipment (PPE), i.e., military boot. The BSM-based analysis indicated that the peak force was the highest ranked metric for the exact censoring scheme and the age was a significant covariate, and that peak force was also the highest ranked metric for the left censored scheme and the PPE covariate was statistically significant. IRCs are presented for the best metric.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115694851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A New Wideband Microwave Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection 用于乳腺癌检测的新型宽带微波天线
Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering Pub Date : 2018-11-09 DOI: 10.1115/IMECE2018-87390
Lulu Wang, Jinzhang Xu
{"title":"A New Wideband Microwave Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection","authors":"Lulu Wang, Jinzhang Xu","doi":"10.1115/IMECE2018-87390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2018-87390","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies have shown that microwave imaging offers an alternative or additional way for early diagnosis of breast cancer. Microwave antenna plays an important role in a microwave imaging system. The paper presents a wideband microwave antenna for medical microwave breast imaging application. Various simulations were conducted to validate the proposed antenna. Results show that the proposed antenna has the potential for application in a microwave imaging system to identify breast lesions.","PeriodicalId":332737,"journal":{"name":"Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124466080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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