Intermetallics最新文献

{"title":"Hot deformation induced microstructural evolution in Fe14Cr ODS alloy manufactured by selective laser melting","authors":"An Li ,&nbsp;Qingchun Chen ,&nbsp;Changqing Teng ,&nbsp;Jianjun Mao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Wu ,&nbsp;Zhongqiang Fang ,&nbsp;Xianggang Kong ,&nbsp;Lu Wu ,&nbsp;Jun Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hot working, as an important post-treatment process in additive manufacturing (AM), can be used to reduce solidification defects, property anisotropy, grain refinement, and improve the applicability of AM technology. In this work, hot deformation tests were conducted on the preformed Fe14Cr oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) parts, fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM), on the Gleeble-3800 simulator at temperatures ranging from 850 °C to 1150 °C. The microstructure evolution before and after deformation, the effects of deformation temperature on microstructure, and the stability of nanoparticles were analyzed. The results indicate that friction-induced stress distribution during hot compressive deformation leads to microstructural heterogeneity. The increase of deformation temperature promotes dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and reduces the nonuniform deformation. The relative position of oxide nanoparticles with respect to grain boundaries is primarily determined by grain migration and dissolution precipitation during hot deformation. The pinning effect of solute elements on crystal defects can inhibit dynamic recovery during high-temperature plastic deformation, thereby promoting recrystallization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108736"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanosynthesis formation study and electrical resistivity of short milled Fe50Mn35Sn15 Heusler intermetallic compound","authors":"Florin Popa ,&nbsp;Traian Florin Marinca ,&nbsp;Niculina Argentina Sechel ,&nbsp;Horea Florin Chicinaș ,&nbsp;Dan Ioan Frunză ,&nbsp;Ionel Chicinaș","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the Heusler alloys are usually obtained by arc melting, in this study we choose to investigate the formation of the off stoichiometric Fe₅₀Mn₃₅Sn₁₅ (at. %) Heusler alloy by mechanical alloying using elemental powders as raw materials. The mechanical alloying was conducted in high-purity argon gas up to 30 h, using a planetary ball mill. The formation by mechanical alloying can be described as complex one, with the formation of the A₂ disordered Heusler phase as the majority phase after 15 h of milling. Milling the alloy up to 30 h, led to Heusler phase decomposition. The phase formation and obtained quantities were analysed using the Rietveld method applied to the recorded X-ray diffraction patterns. Evolution of the mean crystalline size and lattice strain versus milling time were computed. After 30 h of milling, the mean crystallite size of the milled alloy reached a value of 50 nm. The morphology and element distribution were analysed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Particle size distribution showed important changes upon elements reaction, as the elements react, the median particle size (D50) decreases up to 3.5 μm and further increases at 5 μm as the main phase is the A₂ Heusler phase. The electrical resistivity was investigated, and an evolution with phase formation was found, as the electrical resistivity increased up 5.83mΩm at 10 h where an equilibrium between initial elements and Ni2MnSn Heusler phase is found, followed by a sharp decrease up to 2.8 mΩm for 30 h of milling as the Heusler phase is the main phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108738"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties of novel 3D printing 316L stainless steel honeycomb structure reinforced aluminum matrix composites","authors":"Chengjian Wang ,&nbsp;Cheng Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Li ,&nbsp;Yuanhuai He ,&nbsp;Zhijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The investigation of engineering materials has consistently focused on developing lightweight structures that can bear loads and absorb energy efficiently. This study involved the creation of a novel aluminum (Al) matrix composite by merging selective laser melting technology with infiltration casting. The mechanical properties of the composite material were manipulated by altering the parameters of the reinforced body cells. The results show that a strong metallurgical bond is formed between the honeycomb structure and the matrix, which greatly improves the overall performance of the composite. The hexagonal tubular intermetallic compounds (IMC) layer and the honeycomb-filled tube strengthen the honeycomb-filled tube/Al matrix composites (HFT/AMC). The new composite material's compressive strength was found to be positively related to the percentage of the IMC layer. The analysis of data from HFT/AMCs made from honeycomb-filled tubes with structurally different parameters demonstrated this relationship. The introduction of honeycomb-filled tube reinforcements and the distribution regulation of IMCs provide new methods and ideas for the design and development of Al matrix composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108743"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143621097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser-beam powder bed fusion and post-build annealing of polycrystalline Fe81Ga19 alloys: Microstructure manipulation and magnetostrictive properties","authors":"Chengde Gao ,&nbsp;Xiong Yao ,&nbsp;Qi Zeng ,&nbsp;Wei Tan ,&nbsp;Shuaishuai Zhu ,&nbsp;Ping Wu ,&nbsp;Cijun Shuai","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetostrictive polycrystalline Fe-Ga alloys are gaining increasing attention for boarder practicalities, unfortunately, always facing limitations in magnetostrictive properties hindered by random grain structure and complex phase composition. In this work, an innovative method was established to fabricate massive polycrystalline Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ alloys via laser-beam powder bed fusion (LPBF) followed by post-build annealing treatment, and the magnetostrictive performances of the LPBF-fabricated Fe-Ga alloys annealed at various temperatures (800, 1000, and 1200 °C) were systematically investigated. Microstructural analyses revealed that &lt;001&gt; grain orientation and disordered A2 structure were obtained within the LPBF-fabricated (LPBFed) Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ alloys as a result of the steep temperature gradient and rapid solidification. Furthermore, the post-LPBF annealing treatment promoted the grain growth and release of residual stresses, simultaneously accompanied by intensified oriented texture within the annealed alloys. As a result, the Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ alloy annealed at 1200 °C showed optimal magnetostrictive performances with a magnetostrictive strain of ∼70 ppm and especially a 64 % reduction in saturation field relative to the LPBFed alloy. Moreover, the prepared Fe-Ga alloys also manifested good magnetostrictive dynamic response and desirable soft magnetic properties. In addition, electrochemical tests also indicated accelerated corrosion for the annealed alloys owing to the increased grain sizes. This work may pave a processing base to fabricate structure-tailored polycrystalline magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloys for diverse applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108734"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, formability, and strengthening mechanism of CoCrFeNiTix high-entropy alloys fabricated using laser directed energy deposition","authors":"Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Weidong Mu,&nbsp;Yan Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method combining theoretical calculations, phase diagram simulations, and experimental validation was used to strengthen the design of the CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA). The strengthening effect of the designed alloy was confirmed through hardness simulations and experimental validation. CoCrFeNiTi_x (x: 0.3–1.0) HEAs were prepared using laser directed energy deposition (LDED) technology, and the influence of Ti elements on the microstructure and strengthening effect of CoCrFeNi HEA was investigated. Through thermodynamic parameter calculations and JMatPro software simulations, it was revealed that CoCrFeNiTi_x HEAs tend to form second phases, with the FCC phase as the main phase and the presence of BCC, Laves, η, σ, and γ′ phases, significantly enhancing the alloy's strengthening effect. As the Ti content increases, the strengthening effect gradually increases. However, when x &gt; 0.7, the LDED CoCrFeNiTi_x HEAs tends to crack. The addition of Ti elements promotes the microstructure transition from cellular equiaxed grains to dendritic crystals and increases the microhardness of the HEAs. The average microhardness of CoCrFeNiTi_0.3, CoCrFeNiTi_0.7, and CoCrFeNiTi_1.0 HEAs deposition layers are approximately 328 HV, 506 HV, and 660 HV, respectively, with simulated hardness values very close to the experimental results. Through the calculation and analysis of the strengthening mechanism, it was determined that second-phase strengthening is the main strengthening mechanism of CoCrFeNiTi_x HEAs. To meet the strengthening and remanufacturing needs of EH36 steel, while also considering hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and formability requirements, the maximum atomic ratio of Ti elements in CoCrFeNiTi_x HEAs was determined to be x ≤ 0.7. This design approach not only applies to the current work but also provides a new strategy for the subsequent design of HEAs with customized microstructures and properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108725"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outstanding radiation resistance of reduced-activation VCrMnFe based high-entropy alloy","authors":"Feng Jiao Ye ,&nbsp;Te Zhu ,&nbsp;Qiao Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Hai Liang Ma ,&nbsp;Hai Biao Wu ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Run Sheng Yu ,&nbsp;Bao Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Da Qing Yuan ,&nbsp;Xing Zhong Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the irradiation resistance of a novel Ti₈V_22.5Cr_22.5Mn_22.5Fe_22.5Si₂ high-entropy alloy (HEA) through techniques such as scanning/transmission electron microscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The results highlight an unusual lattice contraction upon irradiation, diverging from typical responses of traditional alloys, with no evidence of irradiation-induced precipitation. Under high-dose irradiation (∼188 dpa), the HEA displayed no discernible void swelling, potentially due to abundant precipitate interfaces, high equilibrium vacancy concentration, and the intrinsic properties of HEA. The HEA, exhibiting smaller dislocation loops (∼3.2 nm) and a lower irradiation hardening rate (∼3.3 %) compared to conventional alloys, demonstrates significant promise as a material for future-generation core components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108728"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143578247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-uniform domain wall propagation in Fe-based magnetic microwires","authors":"Valerii Savin ,&nbsp;Valeria Kolesnikova ,&nbsp;Artem Ignatov ,&nbsp;Valentina Zhukova ,&nbsp;Valeria Rodionova ,&nbsp;Arcady Zhukov","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nowadays the novel ambitious studies dedicated to magnetic materials for sensing technologies highlights the importance of understanding the ways of control the magnetization process. Among variety of soft magnetic materials with fast magnetization process the cheap in production and ultra magnetically soft Fe-based ferromagnetic glass-coated microwires stands out.</div><div>In this paper, we experimentally studied the domain wall (DW) motion in amorphous Fe_77.5Si_7.5B₁₅ and Fe₇₇Si₁₀B₁₀C₃ ferromagnetic glass-coated microwires. Using the modified Sixtus-Tonks method the influence of the inhomogeneities distribution and the effect of stray fields on the parameters of DW motion (velocity, local nucleation fields) have been evaluated. Three types of DW motion mechanism were firstly identified. And the model of DW velocity tuning with the mechanical defects influence is presented. This study could lead to decrease the response time of sensitive devices which are based on magnetic domain wall motion mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108726"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143577851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isothermal oxidation behavior and microstructure evolution of heat-treated TiAl alloys","authors":"Qiang Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Du ,&nbsp;Wei Xu ,&nbsp;Le Gu ,&nbsp;Hongsheng Ding ,&nbsp;Ruirun Chen ,&nbsp;Jingjie Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, Ti-44Al-5Nb-1Cr-0.3C alloy was heat treated by two processes (labeled as WQ and FC samples, respectively), and the isothermal oxidation behavior and oxide layer evolution of the heat-treated samples at 800 °C were studied in detail. Experimental results revealed that compared with FC sample, the rapid cooling of the WQ sample refined the inter-lamellar spacing and caused destruction to local lamellae. With the increase of oxidation duration, the oxidation kinetics of both samples changed from linear to parabolic law. The short-term oxidation resistance of WQ sample was better, while the FC sample showed more advantages in resisting long-term oxidation. The extension of oxidation time not only increased the size of oxide particles and the thickness of oxide scale, but also promoted the transformation of the mono-layer oxide scale composed of Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ to a multi-layer structure. Moreover, the specific component of the multi-layer oxide varied with oxidation duration. The dissolution and re-precipitation of Al₂O₃ and diffusion of various atoms along lamellar interfaces and cracks in the interlayer were responsible for differences in the specific component of the multi-layer structure of WQ and FC samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108732"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance transformation of Co-added Sn58Bi solder joints under thermal shock conditions for interconnection packaging","authors":"Xi Huang ,&nbsp;Liang Zhang ,&nbsp;Lili Gao ,&nbsp;Meng Zhao ,&nbsp;Xin-Quan Yu ,&nbsp;Quan-Bin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating solder joint stability in electronic packaging under extreme temperature fluctuations holds significant importance. In this experiment, the stability of Co particle-reinforced Sn58Bi/Cu solder joints was studied during the thermal shock process from −55 °C to 125 °C. By comparing the Sn58Bi-<em>x</em>Co (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.3)/Cu solder joints subjected to thermal shocks(from the 200th to 1200th cycle), it was found that adding Co effectively inhibited the Bi phase coarsening in the joint. Adding Co led to the transformation of the Cu₆Sn₅ intermetallic compound (IMC) layer into the (Cu, Co)₆Sn₅ IMC layer, resulting in an increase in the growth rate of the (Cu, Co)₆Sn₅ layer and a decrease in the growth rate of the Cu₃Sn layer. During the thermal shock process, adding Co led to the refinement of the IMC grains and the enhancement of the stability of the IMC layer. This, in turn, resulted in the inhibition of crack propagation and the delay of the occurrence of brittle fracture. The shear strength of the Co-added solder joints was consistently higher than that of the Sn58Bi solder joints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108729"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti2AlNb joints diffusion bonded using Ti foils as interlayer","authors":"Hu Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Bu ,&nbsp;Yi Zhou ,&nbsp;Xu Huang ,&nbsp;Jinfu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108731","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108731","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ti₂AlNb alloy was diffusion bonded using pure Ti as an interlayer at temperatures ranging from 940 °C to 980 °C under a pressure of 80 MPa. A complete metallurgical bond was achieved at all bonding temperatures. It was found that the weld zone (WZ) consistently consisted of α and β phases. A higher bonding temperature promotes significantly enhances elemental diffusion, leading to the formation of a thicker and more uniform WZ. As the bonding temperature increased, the microhardness of the WZ rose, while that of the matrix slightly decreased. With the increasing of bonding temperature, the tensile performance of the joints initially improved and then deteriorated. Meanwhile, the fracture mode of the joints transitioned from quasi-cleavage fracture to ductile fracture, and ultimately to a mixed mode of cleavage fracture and ductile fracture. The joint bonded at 960 °C exhibited the optimal strength-plasticity balance, with an ultimate tensile strength of 979 MPa and an elongation of 18.9 %. It was observed that the premature fracture of the joint bonded at 940 °C was due to an excess of α₂ phase in the WZ, along with the activation of different slip systems in the matrix phase. For the joint bonded at 980 °C, the excessively high temperature deteriorated the matrix microstructure. The dissolution of all primary O phase in the matrix reduced its strength, resulting in fracture within the matrix during tensile testing, which led to a decrease in tensile properties compared to the joint bonded at 960 °C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108731"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143550037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}