Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"Promotion of the Catholic family in crisis situations. Analysis taking into account the canonical order","authors":"Stanisław Biały","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1145","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of a Catholic family can be explained by its membership in the Church, as well as by its relationship with the sacraments (with God's grace), etc. Its vocation is the community of life of a woman and a man (communio personarum), formed by a sacramental marriage and having children. Such a community enjoys normative (canonical) care and promotion in the legal order of the Catholic Church. This is particularly important when the Magisterium of the Church comes into contact with gender ideology, or secular culture in general (and this is the status quo of the issue). The author of the analysis indicated the most important elements that (in his opinion) are of particular importance for this confrontation. He analyzed in particular those aspects which in the doctrine of the Church are called crisis ones. The aim was to show in what direction the canonical defense of faith, morality, spiritual good, etc. goes (or should go, from the point of view of Catholic ethics). It was about situations where a party practicing the Catholic faith wants to enter into marriage with an unbaptized person or with a notorious apostate faith, i.e. a formal apostate, etc. Here, the Church, apart from the traditional guarantee of faith, demands something more, being (due to the emerging threats of losing faith by a practicing nupturient) reluctant to mixed relationships and similar.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132112012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The concept of Children’s Television by Joan Ganz Cooney in the age of digital media","authors":"Krzysztof Łuszczek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1143","url":null,"abstract":" J.G. Cooney’s children’s television project from the late 1960s is still developing, subject to change and evaluation. It was based on the belief that television can teach. “Sesame Street” turned out to be the most successful educational program for preschoolers. It was the result of a common effort of educators, psychologists and television producers. After a few decades, in a changed media landscape, when the screens became more and more present, again we can say that they can teach. This is mainly due to the possibility of focusing the child’s attention through digital tools. The article uses the method of historical analysis. It is used on the media and communication research to determine the context and background of the facts studied. In this article, the basic historical sources are the 1966 report by J.G. Conney and the reconstruction of the original project of educational television for children. The author of the report herself encourages a historical analysis of the text and its consequences by re-issuing the report, this time in a digital form in 2019. J.G. Cooney based her model on three basic pillars: pedagogy, psychology and television workshop. However, the television as it was then was not as “invasive” as the contemporary media, although it had already evoked very critical assessments. This contributed, among other things, to the discussion on the need to ensure public interest in the media. One of its elements is the use of technology for educational purposes. Today, children fulfill their developmental needs with the help of other tools and digital technologies hermetically fill their living environment. This situation is much more urgent than at the time of the creation of “Sesame Street” where many families (e.g. poor or immigrant ones) did not have such a wide access to technology. When creating the concept of using digital tools in education, the first project by J.G. Cooney should be treated as a key inspiration for creating a new model. As with the educational television project, in order to achieve the didactic goals, the cooperation of educators, psychologists and ICT specialists is needed. Only proper pedagogical planning can ensure success in the use of digital tools in didactics.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127977404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Witold Pilecki as a caring parent model from the Erik Erikson’s theory perspective","authors":"W. Juroszek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1168","url":null,"abstract":"The subject matter of the paper focuses on the figures of the Steadfast Soldiers as personal role models in upbringing towards higher values. In historical literature, there are many studies dedicated to the Steadfast Soldiers, whereas in psycho-pedagogical literature there have been only a few so far. It is the intention of the author of this paper to reinvigorate scholarly reflection on the educational implications of the biographies of the Steadfast. It is well known that Witold Pilecki, the most famous Steadfast Soldier, was an outstanding patriot. The aim of this paper is to show that he was also a model of a caring parent, inspiring emulation. The article refers to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, with a particular focus on the virtue of care, which makes it possible to resolve the generativity-stagnation crisis typical for middle adulthood and helps to properly perform the task of raising offspring. According to Erikson, a truly caring parent continually develops a tendency to care about people (primarily their own offspring, but also people in general), objects and ideas. The virtue of care manifests itself by going beyond the needs of the self, by acting for the good of future generations, by being authentic. Care helps to cope with the stagnation manifested by excessive focus on oneself and resentment towards others. It has been shown that Witold Pilecki perfectly fulfilled Erikson’s listed criteria for genuine caring and is thus a personal role model in education for caring parenthood. The paper uses the biography method. Selected studies and source texts describing Pilecki’s life and activities were used, with a special focus on the memoirs of his daughter, Zofia Pilecka-Optułowicz. She portrayed Witold Pilecki as a parent caring for his offspring and other people, a resourceful farmer vigorously engaged in agricultural production and a man devoted to the idea of helping others, selflessly striving to make it a reality.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114594988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early maladaptive schemas and the quality of marital bond and communication","authors":"Adam Grabowski","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1160","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early maladaptive schemas are dysfunctional cognitive-emotional patterns that arise as a result of unsatisfied one or more of the basic psychological needs in childhood. These schemas concern the individual and his relationships with significant people (Young, Klosko, Weishaar, 2003). This work presents the results of research on the correlations between early maladaptive schemas and the quality of marital bond and communication. Method: The basic research hypothesis was that these correlations are negative. It was assumed that the stronger the intensity of the schemas, the lower the level of the quality of marital bond and communication. The research included 252 married people (149 women and 103 men). The respondents completed: Young’s Schema Questionnaire YSQ-S3, Marriage Bond Scale SWM and Marriage Communication Questionnaire KKM. Results: Based on the obtained results, the existence of the expected correlations was confirmed. Schemas from the area of disconnection and rejection turned out to be most strongly correlated with both bonding and marital communication. Conclusions: Verification of the correlations of early maladaptive schemas with the quality of marital bond and communication deepens the knowledge about the cognitive and emotional patterns formed in childhood, significantly related to the ways of functioning in a close relationship, and this kind of knowledge can find practical application in the therapy of couples and marriages. In addition, the obtained results may be a contribution to further analysis taking into account variables related to early childhood experiences, such as parenting styles or systems of family of origin and other constructs describing the quality of the marital relationship.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115411784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental attitudes of fathers and daughters’ self-esteem and stress management style in the period of early adulthood","authors":"Małgorzata Weryszko, N. Kogut","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1142","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the issues of parental attitudes of fathers, as assessed in retrospect by their daughters, currently in the period of early adulthood, in the context of the women’s self-esteem and stress management style. The aim of the research was to examine to what extent parental attitudes of fathers are correlated with the self-esteem of their adult daughters and the way in which they cope with difficult and stressful situations. It was assumed that fathers’ attitudes related to autonomy and acceptance are positively correlated with a higher level of overall self-esteem and all its components, as well as with a more effective, task-based stress management style. On the other hand, negative attitudes, including rejection, over-protective, excessively demanding attitude and inconsistency, were assumed to be correlated with a lower level of overall self-esteem and all its components, as well as less effective, emotional and avoidance-based coping style in stressful situations. The study group comprised 100 women in their early adulthood.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123757377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motherhood during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland – qualitative studies","authors":"Oksana Stępień, M. Dębska, Julia Klimanek, Beata Szlendak, Joeri Vermeulen, G. Bączek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1092","url":null,"abstract":"To analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women experiencing motherhood in the areas of perception, adaptation and assessment of the pandemic situation.  Material and method: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted in a group of 25 women aged 22-41 who gave birth during the pandemic. Most of the respondents live in the city with more than 500,000 inhabitants, and have a higher education. In most cases, the research material was collected by means of face to face interviews, and in the case of 9 women, using remote techniques. Results: The results do not demonstrate a decreased interest in motherhood during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the respondents had planned their pregnancy and complied with the sanitary regime. Online prenatal education turned out to be a good solution for the study group at the time of restrictions. The number of antenatal visits was not increased as compared to previous pregnancies. Five respondents were considering a homebirth. The respondents complained of reduced well-being, which resulted in the recurrence of depressive moods. Most concerns were related to the reliability of tele-counselling and the availability of the doctor and partner during childbirth. Conclusions: The analysis of the respondents’ answers leads to the conclusion that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant influence on the mental state of women giving birth at that time. The most difficult aspect for the respondents was the prohibition of giving birth in the presence of family, no mental support and feeling lonely both during the pregnancy and after childbirth at the time of quarantine. The COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant effect on the perception of motherhood by women or on their reproduction plans.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128793902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family (systemic) factors influencing life standards and health of working class","authors":"Katarzyna Litwińska-Rączka","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1129","url":null,"abstract":"Adults function simultaneously in several areas, among which the most important ones are family and work. In these areas, they meet their needs and experience satisfaction as long as they are able to use them in a mature way. This, in turn, is largely conditioned by previous experiences–those from childhood. The article is a reflection on systemic factors affecting the quality of life and personality maturity of adults. Almost all of us are brought up in families. From the family we take behavior patterns, experience patterns and personality traits. Our traits, schema, and patterns of behavior affect our quality of life and maturity. Therefore, it is important that they are optimal and functional. The author uses the knowledge and research in the field of family psychology and family therapy. The definitions of a mature personality according to Irwin Yalom (therapist) and the concepts of a positive quality of life are adopted. Numerous Polish and foreign studies are cited to show the relationship between professional success and life satisfaction and the personality traits previously shaped in the family. The author presents the characteristics of families that are conducive to the maturity of their members. Special attention is drawn to the importance of the marital relationship and the sense of happiness of the spouses as the factors determining the functioning of the whole family and affecting it so that it becomes either healthy or dysfunctional. The author emphasises the characteristics of families related to their structure, communication, system boundaries and self-esteem. She writes about the dynamic balance of the family and the freedom to express one’s own thoughts and feelings as the key features of a proper family system. When children experience family characteristics which are conducive to a mature personality, health and a sense of happiness, then, as adults, they succeed in various fields of life. Therefore, it seems extremely important to reflect on systemic (family) factors affecting the quality of life and human maturity.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132726760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forms of showing love in relationships with loved ones versus feelings of loneliness in young adults","authors":"M. Ryś, Felicity Agwu Kalu, Katarzyna Seroczyńska, Urszula Tataj-Puzyna","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1155","url":null,"abstract":"Since the experience of love and close relationships is one of the most important aspects of human life, man defines his existence by diverse relationships. The congruence of expected and received forms of love transmission is important. This study verifies whether there is a relationship between the forms of showing love and the sense of loneliness in a group of young adults. Methods: The study used the Forms of Expressions of Love Questionnaire (FOREM) designed by M. Rys and colleagues, and the R-UCLA Loneliness Scale, a Polish adaptation of Russell, Peplau and Cutrona’s tool, developed by M. Kwiatkowska, R. Rogoza and K. Kwiatkowska. The survey with the participation of 73 women and 73 men was conducted online. The youngest person was 18 years old, and the oldest –34 (Max = 34). The average age of the subjects was just under 24 (M = 23.99). Results: The results of correlation analysis with the application of Kendall’s Tau-b coefficient proved to be statistically significant for the associations of all subscales of feelings of loneliness and the overall score of this variable, with the discrepancy between expected and received forms of love in terms of help and time. All statistically significant correlations were positive, meaning that the greater the discrepancy between the expected and received form of love, the higher the sense of loneliness. The strongest statistically significant correlation was that of the dimension of help with the dimensions of belonging and affiliation (Tau-b = 0.247; p < 0.01) while the weakest was the correlation of the dimension of time with the dimension of social others (Tau-b = 0.131; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that young adults do not experience love in the expected forms regarding affectionate touch, help from the other person and time devoted to them. The greater the discrepancy between the expected and received forms of love, the higher the feelings of loneliness among young adults.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115926138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family values vs parental involvement in families with a chronically ill child","authors":"K. Walęcka-Matyja","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v53i1.1169","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine the differences in family values and parental involvement in groups of parents raising a chronically ill child and a healthy child. In addition, it was checked whether family values allow predicting parental involvement. Method: The study was conducted using the CAWI method in a group of 160 adults, of whom 64 (40%) had a chronically ill child. Research tools with good psychometric properties were used: Familism Scale, Parental Involvement Questionnaire and a questionnaire. Results: It was found that mothers and fathers raising a chronically ill child achieved a statistically significantly higher intensity of the value expressed in striving for independence and self-sufficiency than parents of healthy children. Mothers raising a chronically ill child obtained statistically significantly higher scores in terms of general, valence and behavioural parental involvement than mothers raising a healthy child. Fathers raising a chronically ill child were characterized by lower scores in terms of general parental involvement, cognitive-emotional and behavioural involvement. In the group of parents raising a healthy child, as the value emphasizing the importance of material achievements increased, the intensity of the general parental involvement variable decreased. Conclusions: The results of the study complement the existing knowledge on selected psychological conditions of chronically ill children’s parents’ functioning.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129767580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can our life resources support successful aging?","authors":"E. Szepietowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1141","url":null,"abstract":"The projections showing trends towards increased ageing of the populations and the resulting challenges to the welfare system, health care or economy have led to a great number of publications exploring possible ways to prevent cognitive decline in late life. Successful ageing, in accordance with the definition of the term, is reflected by cognitive, motor and social capacities maintained at a level incommensurate with normal aging. Attempts to explain this aging pattern refer to the so-called cognitive reserve. The concept relates to the resources acquired from early childhood through education or activity in various domains of life. These resources help maintain and compensate for age-related cognitive deficits. The article discusses the role of various components in the process of building the reserve, the relationship between the reserve and neurobiological factors, and some disputable issues.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134626756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}