Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"The problem of the definition of abortion in Polish literature and reception of church teaching in this regard","authors":"Stanisław Biały","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.788","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of abortion is still relevant in the social discourse. Therefore, the author analyzed the conceptualisation of the act of abortion (present in Polish literature), conducted a questionnaire to confirm or exclude the obtained theoretical results, and asked about possible causes of such a phenomenon. Research shows that the Catholic Church has presented the doctrinal concept of abortion (precisely enough) in such documents as Qauesito de abortu procurato, Donum vitae, Evangelium vitae, and Dignitas personae. However, its definition (in terms of the subject matter) quite often differs from that found in various publications or statements referring to the Magisterium of the Church. This is a harmful situation, which may translate into a difficult reception of the Church’s teaching, as well as into respect for innocent human life. The point is that if the cognitive process is characterized by “intentionality” (the relation of the mind to the object), its objectivity may be hindered by volitional, ideological, conscious, contextual acts, etc. goals by oneself: scientific, political, ideological, social, moral, canonical, etc.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124115377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charity and its relation to wisdom by Saint Thomas of Aquinas","authors":"Irena Grochowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1052","url":null,"abstract":"Reflection on caritas love and its relationship with wisdom requires understanding and knowing of the essence of Christian love, therefore this article discusses caritas love from the perspective of love in general and its connection with other gifts, especially with the gift of wisdom.  To fully accept and realize the love of caritas one must first accept the truth about man, who was created in the image of the One God, in the image of the whole Trinity. To know the identity of man, Thomas argues, is to realize his vocation to friendship with God, to be a friend of God (Galuszka, 2021, p. 82). Arriving at the essence of the caritas love and its inseparable connection with wisdom, required a reflection on the meaning of one of the theological virtues, the virtue of love. Since the theological virtues are God's endowment of man, it was also necessary to introduce the gifts of the Holy Spirit to indicate the essence and fullness of the caritas love and its relation to God and men. \u0000            For this purpose, the thoughts of Saint Thomas of Aquinas were used, that seem to be more and more relevant and stirring more and more interest among people looking for truth and beautiful love. \u0000Caritas love is beautiful because it consists of loving in God and with God also another human being, not necessarily the one endowed with affection or sympathy, but every human being. Such love can only be realized in the pursuit of an intimate encounter with God. The analysis of the known texts of St. Thomas allowed us to confirm the thesis on the relation between love and wisdom. Love is the principle of all virtues and the source of human action. Love enhances wisdom, it creates for itself this help. Love in its highest degree manifests itself in wisdom. The true union of love and wisdom results in contemplation, which is the result of the cooperation of intellect and will.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126146773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rise of gender identity disorders among children and adolescents- data from 10 countries","authors":"Agnieszka Marianowicz-Szczygiel","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1060","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing number of publications pointing to the global trend of a significant increase in people who identify differently to their biological sex. Children and adolescents are a particularly sensitive group here, as their identity is still under development. These trends are also reaching Poland. Parents and state services involved in the upbringing and education may be surprised and unprepared. There is small number of analyzes of these trends, especially in the context of the already available knowledge about gender identity disorders and further practical recommendations. The first part of the article presents epidemiological data illustrating the occurrence of gender identity disorders in the population. The methodological challenge was to define a reliable criterion illustrating the strength and scope of the observed changes in epidemiology among children and adolescents and at the same time enabling international comparisons of data from autonomous and world-wide clinics as the problem is the data availability at all. The article presents data on the explosion of gender identity disorders in children and adolescents based on the criterion of number of referrals to youth clinics from 8 countries: Sweden - an increase of 19,700%, Italy - 7,200%, Great Britain - 2,457%, the Netherlands - 904% and outside Europe: Australia - 12,650%, Canada - 538%, USA - 275%, and New Zealand - 187% (the article gives the exact time range). This data were also subjected to qualitative analysis (gender and age of reports, number of referrals versus diagnoses). The explanations given in the scientific literature were also collected and analyzed in relation to the available knowledge about the genesis of gender dysphoria, which, according to research, is predominantly of environmental origin. Both the scale of the trend and additional qualitative analyzes (change of the clinical picture and the inflow to clinics, especially of teenage girls), indicate that this trend cannot be explained only by an increase in social awareness, but also by the inducing influence of media and culture (additional studies that support these conclusions are mentioned). The article provides an overview of the available knowledge in the field of the epidemiology of gender identity disorders, especially in children and adolescents, and helps to define practical steps, especially in the neglected area of ​​prevention, which is crucial from the point of view of parents.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116446398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The family and the values of family life in the social science of the Catholic Church - analysis of selected sources","authors":"Zofia Frączek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.872","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this text is to show the place of the family and related values of family life (such as e.g. marriage, child, mother, father, senior citizen), in the Social Science of the Catholic Church. A qualitative analysis of selected sources has been made, including documents of synods and councils, papal encyclicals and other statements of popes. Some monographs and scientific articles, thematically related to the subject, were also used, including electronic sources. The source materials analysed show the great commitment of the Catholic Church in proclaiming the truth about the family and in shaping the social awareness of its value, as well as the value of marriage as the basis of the family community and of the mother (wife) and father (husband), who are the guardians and guides of the child in life. The Church also draws attention to the value of the child and the need to protect its rights, placing it at the forefront of social and family life, especially sick children, disabled children, children deprived of parental care, victims of war and cataclysms. It attaches great importance to the elderly generation, which acts as a witness to the past and as a source of wisdom for the young, as well as a link between generations and a safeguard for the continuity of the family. Despite the ongoing changes in the Social Science of the Catholic Church, its constant concern for the family and the values connected with it can be visible.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124244847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental attitudes in perception of fathers of deaf children","authors":"Katarzyna Plutecka","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1048","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is of an empirical character. The main objective of the study was to diagnose declared attitudes of fathers towards deaf children. The study made use of the Parental Attitude Research Instrument (PARI) by E. Schaefer and L. Bell. The base group comprised 50 fathers of deaf children (FDC). Additionally, a group of 58 randomly selected fathers having only hearing children were examined (control group – FHC). The analysis of results of this study takes into account first general attitudes of the fathers, i.e. proper emotional contact, the attitude of excessive distance and excessive concentration or protection, as well as attitudes towards family and educational roles; thereafter, the subscale scores were averaged to diagnose the intensity of each particular attitude. As a result of the study, it was established that the presence of a deaf child in the family affects the shaping of specific parental attitudes. The age and education of fathers of deaf children were the variables that also affected the shaping of parental attitudes. In summary, the conclusions for pedagogical practice will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130832867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of empathy in the development of creativity by design thinking","authors":"Iryna Durkalevych","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.953","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents theoretical considerations on the role of empathy in the development of creativity. The analysis of the scientific literature on this topic allows us to conclude that empathy plays an important role in the development of creativity. The issues of learning empathy in early adulthood and methods of enhancing empathic abilities in relation to the process of education, among others, by the method of design thinking, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"58 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132569570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family logotherapy","authors":"K. Sipowicz, M. Podlecka, T. Pietras","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1051","url":null,"abstract":"The paper outlines the concept of family logotherapy in relation to systemic family therapy, popular in Poland. The basic philosophical and anthropological assumptions of Frankl’s logotherapy, and thus the phenomenon of free will, as well as the will to make sense and to find the meaning of life are discussed. Referring to the systemic family therapy dominant in the Polish discourse, the basic assumptions, goals and structure of family logotherapy are presented, according to which the conscious values, senses and meanings of individual members shape the pattern of interactions within the family.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125854907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family, material and worldview values and the process of intergenerational transmission","authors":"K. Walęcka-Matyja","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1046","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to analyze the relationships between family and material values and the worldview of parents and their adult children. 68 parents (34 women and 34 men) and their 51 adult children (33 women and 18 men) participated in the study. Parents were in middle and late adulthood (41-67 years), while their children were in early adulthood (18-30 years). The following psychological questionnaires were used: the Material Values Scale (MVS_PL) in the Polish adaptation of Górnik-Durose (2016), the Scale of World Assumptions Scale in the Polish adaptation of Załuski and Gajdosz (2012), the Familism Scale in the Polish study by Walęcka-Matyja (2020) and a questionnaire. The obtained research results indicate a significant stabilization in the parental transmission of family values and beliefs about the world. Intergenerational differentiation was observed in terms of materialistic values.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115303082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le rôle et la signification de l'idée cartésienne de l'infini dans la métaphysique de Levinas","authors":"Magdalena Kozak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v48i4.982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v48i4.982","url":null,"abstract":"W zaprezentowanym artykule zostaje podjęta kwestia wpływu i znaczenia Kartezjańskiej Idei Nieskończoności na filozofię Emmanuela Levinasa. Celem artykułu jest udowodnienie tezy, że nie da się zrozumieć metafizyki Levinasa bez sięgnięcia do myśli Kartezjusza, który chociaż nie jest pierwszoplanową inspiracją, do której przyznaje się Levinas, to jednak cała jego etyka jest zbudowana na pojęciu „nieskończoności”. Na początku tekstu zostanie krótko omówiona idea Nieskończoności sformułowana przez Kartezjusz w trzeciej Medytacji, po to, aby później skupić się na analizie jej oddziaływania na myśl Levinasa. W przedstawionym artykule prześledzona zostanie droga filozoficzna Levinasa oraz różne momenty i etapy ewolucji Jego myśli, których nie da się zrozumieć w oderwani od idei Nieskończoności Kartezjusza. Zarówno zawiązanie relacji z drugim człowiekiem, jak i z Bogiem są możliwe dzięki absolutnej separacji między członami relacji. Utrzymanie tej separacji jest jednak możliwe dzięki transcendencji, a więc kluczowej dla artykułu: nieskończoności, która oddziela Toż-Samego od Innego. Zastosowanie idei nieskończoności w metafizyce/etyce umożliwia Levinasowi ochronę absolutnej inności/różnicy przed wchłonięciem w jednolitą i totalizującą całość, przed  zneutralizowaniem przez tożsamość. Kluczowe dla filozofii Levinasa pojęcia, takie jak bierność, odpowiedzialność, substytucja, bliskość, transcendencja są ufundowane właśnie na kartezjańskim pojęciu Nieskończoności. W podsumowaniu tekstu zostaną przedstawione wątpliwości, które mogą pojawić się przy głębszej analizie myśli Levinasa, jak również zostaną krótko zestawione różnice w rozumieniu idei Nieskończoności, które w wyraźny sposób dzielą Kartezjusza i Levinasa. Kartezjusz i Levinas zaczynają swoją drogę filozoficzną ze wspólnego punktu wyjścia: samotny podmiot wychodząc poza siebie dociera do Nieskończonego tym samym przełamując swoje egoistyczne istnienie. Jednakże u Kartezjusza dokonuje się to na drodze intelektualnego wysiłku poznającego Cogito a u Levinasa na drodze ofiarowania siebie Innemu w relacji etycznej. Kartezjusz odrywa bowiem ideę nieskończoności w sobie jako ideę wrodzoną a u Levinasa to odkrycie przychodzi z zewnątrz – od Innego. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130646181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resocialization dimension of prisoners' religiosity","authors":"Dariusz Sarzała","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v48i4.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v48i4.1011","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents issues related to penitentiary social resocialization, taking into account the social rehabilitation dimension of prisoners' religiosity. Based on the results of previous research on this subject area and the literature on the subject, a thorough analysis of religiosity as a factor determining the effectiveness of social  resocialization of offenders was carried out. Analyzing social resocialization as a process of internal transformation of a socially maladjusted person in the context of religious commitment, it was indicated that the process of penitentiary social rehabilitation taking into account the religious dimension of offenders may have a significant impact on changing the current anti-social behavior. Based on the analysis, it was also shown that focusing on religious life helps prisoners to change their current lives and makes it easier for them to start a new life path and protects them from returning to crime. The subject matter is an important topic from the point of view of social resocialization and moral renewal of a socially maladjusted man, which has not yet been subjected to a broader scientific analysis in the field of social sciences.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116355345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}