Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"A priest a person supporting the mental health of the faithful and protecting them from suicide","authors":"Mateusz Barłóg, M. Stradomska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Suicide is a multifaceted problem that is always directly or indirectly related to the functioning of at least a dozen people. The Roman Catholic Church generally condemns the issue of suicide as annihilation is against religious principles and commandments. In a civilization where people suffering from mental disorders are often stigmatized, people seek help from their loved ones or where there is a secret (e.g. confession), so the church can and does have a significant role in the prevention of suicidal behavior . Religion is important in shaping the awareness and identity of believers, and a priest can be a mentor showing the way of development, caring for the well-being and strengthening the mental health of an individual. On the basis of research conducted among 65 priests, the article discusses stressors related to the priestly service and related to supporting the mental health of the faithful and the church's ability to life protection and protect against the decision to attempt suicide. \u0000","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129297451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective factors and risk factors in coping with the Covid-19 pandemic crisis by ado","authors":"Wiesław Poleszak, Grzegorz Kata","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1123","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The environmental crisis, which was the period of the Covid-19 pandemic and the accompanying isolation, caused negative changes in the mental and social functioning of some adolescents. Previous studies have indicated severale consequences observed in young people: mental health disorders, attention deficits and in task efficiency, deterioration of peer relations, moods of sadness and depression (e.g. Bigaj, Dębski, 2020; Ghosh et al., 2020; Grzelak, 2020; Pyżalski, 2020a). However, negative symptoms do not affect the general student population. It is therefore important to identify the factors supporting adolescents in coping with the crisis and factors that increase the risk of a decline in mental condition. \u0000Method: In this context, a study was conducted to answer the question about the type and intensity of specific symptoms of mental crisis in adolescents examined during a pandemic. It was also checked whether the variation in the severity of symptoms was accompanied by differences in psychosocial factors important for coping with the crisis, while controlling the gender variable. The study covered a group of 1,514 students from 7th and 8th grades of primary schools and secondary schools. The Scale of the impact of COVID-19 and home isolation on children and adolescents by Mireia Orgilés, Alexander Morales and José Pedro Espada was used, as well as a survey to diagnose protective factors and risk factors for problem behaviors in adolescents. \u0000Results: Most young people do not notice changes in their physical and mental well-being after the period of home isolation and the Covid-19 pandemic. On the other hand, a significant group of about one third of the respondents experienced a deterioration in their psychophysical condition. The factors that accompanied the different effects of the pandemic and differentiate young people with strong symptoms of a mental crisis from those who do not experience negative effects are: the quality of peer relations, the quality of the relationship with teachers and the tutors, the type of contact with parents, school and class climate. \u0000Conclusions: The Covid-19 pandemic and home isolation were accompanied by negative psychophysical changes in approximately one third of adolescents. The pandemic itself, however, is not a direct cause of these changes. What is important here is the contribution of psychosocial factors that make up the conditions in which young people functioned during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129051454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body image, mental resilience, spirituality, and mental health in the population of young adults","authors":"Agnieszka Pakut, M. Wayda-Zalewska, T. Ostrowski, K. Kucharska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1134","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, significant increase in prevalence of mental disorders has been observed. Health psychology focuses on the strong need of implementing of preventive activities. The aim of the paper was to assess the interaction between personal dispositions such as mental resilience, spirituality, the attitude towards your own body, and mental health among young adults. The study was conducted in 138 students at secondary schools, 18-20 yrs. old in Lesser Poland. In the study there have been used the following measures: Mental Resilience Scale, Self-descriptive Questionnaire, allow to assess spirituality level, Body Image Questionnaire, and Pathological Symptoms Questionnaire, SCL-27. The obtained results indicated that young adults who present the higher level of mental resilience and positive attitude towards their own body, experience less symptoms of mental disorders. Moreover, the positive correlations were observed between mental resilience, spirituality level, and positive attitude towards body in both female and male groups. Young females compared to the examined males were less satisfied with their appearance, experienced enhanced mental symptoms, and worse assessed their competence to cope with daily difficulties.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131358772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case study of sandplay therapy for 6-year-old ukrainian boy experienced emotion difficulte related to war refugees","authors":"Iryna Durkalevych","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1133","url":null,"abstract":"The case study sheds light on the importance of sandplay therapy in dealing with negative emotions and traumatic experiences of children affected by war. The purpose of the article was to show the effectiveness of one method of working with negative emotions and traumatic experiences - sand therapy - in recovery and healing. The article presents an example of two-month work containing eight therapy sessions with a six-year-old boy - a war refugee from Ukraine - experiencing emotional difficulties (anxiety). The presented example of work with the child shows the process of healing. The sand therapy method can be a source of practical knowledge for professionals helping people in traumatic experiences and non-normative crisis.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130606634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General Fieldorf „Nil” as a personal model in upbringing towards maturity","authors":"W. Juroszek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1104","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of war between Ukraine and Russia motivates us to consider how to preserve dignity in situations where life is under threat. Such a question is particularly relevant in the context of the war’s proximity to Poland, a bordering nation to both Russia and Ukraine. \u0000War means human tragedies, so it becomes important to have behavioural models for extremely dramatic situations. It is worth being reminded of heroes who had stayed true to their ideals even in the face of death. August Emil Fieldorf „Nil”, a leader in the Polish anti-Nazi resistance movement, was one such hero as he had been killed by the Soviet regime’s collaborators after WWII. \u0000The General was a Polish patriot who sacrificed his life for his homeland. What is most striking in his biography is his heroism. This qualifies him as a perfect personality model in upbringing towards higher values. \u0000In this paper it has been shown that General August Emil Fieldorf, an Indomitable Soldier, is a mature personal model, which can motivate the young generation to follow him. Maturity has been defined with a personality approach according to Zdzisław Chlewiński (1991), using the three following criteria: considering a man as a person, autonomy in thinking, ability to asses own motivations. \u0000It has been analysed how to motivate the youths to follow the General regarding the maturity. It has been demonstrated that the General’s example may motivate if one of the three following upbringing strategies is used: dissonance, witnessing, stimulation. \u0000The author has used Fieldorf’s biographies. It has been emphasized that the process of forming his personality had been very dynamic and lasted his whole life. The author claims that the Chlewiński’s concept my be used to select the next mature personal models.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122702203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competences of a confessor in accompanying a penitent with obsessive-compulsive disorders related to the sacrament of penance","authors":"J. Smoleń","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1138","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: \u0000Obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD, that affects a man in different dimensions of his functioning in everyday life also involve the area of sacramental confession. The number of people struggling with the disorder is growing year by year. This is demonstrated by both psychological and pastoral practice. This article in its assumptions is going to help priests with effective accompaniment of these people. It is divided into three parts: first, concerns terminological issues that are to systematize knowledge about that, second, discussion of the sacrament of penance in the described context, and, third, practical suggestions both theological and psychological which should be a valued help for priests.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family values and mental health in adulthood - the perspective of transverse research","authors":"K. Walęcka-Matyja","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1125","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The aim of the research was to estimate the correlation between the dimensions of family values ​​and the dimensions of mental health. \u0000Method: The research was carried out using the CAWI method in a group of 1,480 adults. The Familism Scale, the 4DSQ questionnaire and the questionnaire were used. \u0000Results: The following hierarchy of family values ​​was obtained: Individualism, Family Support, Respect, Religion, Material success and achievement. Higher intensity of values ​​Family support coexisted with a lower risk of disorders in the sphere of mental health. The pursuit of self-sufficiency increased the likelihood of depressive symptoms, and the preference for behaviors strengthening family traditions predicted the occurrence of somatic symptoms. \u0000Conclusions: The role of family values ​​as protective factors and risk factors for disorders in the field of mental health prompts the development of a preventive strategy addressed to people in adulthood, aimed at strengthening mental resilience.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"400 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126674826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outline of the history of obstetricsuntil the 20th century","authors":"Józef Mandziuk","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1098","url":null,"abstract":"     The profession of midwife is one of the oldest professions in the history of mankind. Its background  has been shaped by instinctive human behavior since ancient times, gradually enriching itself thanks to the constant demands of life in a slow process of mastering and observing the surrounding nature. This knowledge was constantly deepened and disseminated more and more widely, giving oral instructions to subsequent generations. It should be emphasized that the first fruits of obstetrics are the midwife - self-taught, who devoted herself to this activity spontaneously. She rushed to the aid of a woman in labor and passed on the experience gained to her successors, often daughters, through demonstrations and oral transmission. It must not be forgotten that these were women with inborn abilities, who, learning in the school of life, through accurate and correct reasoning, achieved extensive experience and proficiency in obstetrics. \u0000     The aim of this study is to outline the history of the profession, or rather the vocation, of a midwife, from antiquity, through the Middle Ages, to the beginning of the twentieth century of modern time. Today, in civilized countries, children are born in hospitals where they are given special care. However, there are countries where this hospital care is lacking and the help of a female midwife is absolutely indispensable.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124109390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problematic using of the Internet among seniors – a pilot study","authors":"Aleksandra Wójciak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1117","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the Internet is nowadays an important element of each person’s life. Along with the advancement of technology, older adults use the Internet ever more frequently. (CBOS, 2016; CBOS, 2018). The aim of the study was to verify if seniors actually differ from people in middle adulthood in terms of the severity of problematic Internet use and its selected correlates - personality structure and coping strategies. The conducted research was a pilot study. \u0000The statistical analysis included the results of studies conducted among 44 individuals in late adulthood and 41 individuals in middle adulthood. The average age among seniors was 67 years and in the control group – 35 years. The respondents resided in the Małopolska Province. The study used the Problematic Use of the Internet Test in the Polish adaptation by Ryszard Poprawa. This tool makes it possible to identify the severity of symptoms of problematic Internet use (Poprawa, 2011). In addition, the Inventory for Measuring Coping with Stress - Mini-COPE and the IPIP-BFM-20 Questionnaire were used. The results of the analyses showed no significant differences in the severity of problematic Internet use and the personality structure between the studied group of seniors and people in middle adulthood. Significant differences were found in the aspect of coping with stress. Specifically, people in late adulthood obtained significantly lower results on the sense of humour subscale and significantly higher results on the subscale of religious coping than people in middle adulthood. It should be emphasized that the conclusions of the conducted research may not only provide a significant indication for effective preventive interventions aimed at seniors, but also confirm the need for further, in-depth analysis in this area.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130982049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Christianity of non-believers by Marian Przełęcki: on the universal meaning of mercy","authors":"Magdalena Matusiak-Rojek","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v4i52.1136","url":null,"abstract":"Among the many reasons for departing from faith in God is a peculiar intellectual formation, which presupposes the acceptance only of such beliefs that meet the conditions of intersubjective verifiability and communicability. The text is a reminder of the thoughts of Marian Przełęcki, who, due to his rationalism, chose the path of agnosticism, but identified with the ethical aspect of Christian faith. It includes a presentation of the philosopher's views on faith, the rationality of religious beliefs, and presents a conception of Christianity of non-believers built in relation to Christian ethics, along with a critical commentary.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"563 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133322945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}