Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio最新文献

{"title":"Catholic Church and a ministry of spiritual assistance in the dimension of sexuality development","authors":"Anastazja Sorkowicz","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1106","url":null,"abstract":"In view of the omnipresent contemporary crisis of truth, it seems a purposeful and valuable activity to approximate, clarify, as well as correct or recify the vision of the Catholic Church's teaching regarding treatment of man as a sexual being. The purpose of the article is to attempt to present selected elements of the teachings of the Catholic Church on sexuality, considering the ways in which sexual education is understood and identifying persons who are most acccountable for that dimesion of education. The inquiry is conducted from the point of view of an educator. The source literature of this study consists of selected documents of the Catholic Church. Other studies on the topic were also analysed. Based on the analysis of the documents, it may be conculded, that the Catholic Church attaches great importance to the issues connected with sexuality  and sexual education.  Such education should be based on integral vision of man. It is emphasized that this sphere should be considered in the context of the development of the whole human being, whose fundamental taks in life is love understood as the gift of self. Sexual education is therefore tantamount to education for love. It involves assisting children and youth in their search for the answer to the most important questions concerning the meaning and purpose of life, as well as the ideas and values  which determine the trajectory of human existence on Earth. An element of the analysed dimension of upbringing is both the introduction of young people to issues related in a strict sense to the biological functioning of man as a being endowed with sex, and the formation of views and attitudes towards himself and other people. Given the strength and primordiality of the natural family bonds, this responsible task should be delegated mainly to parents. It is parents who are to the greatest degree responsible for the formation of children to whom they have passed on their lives. All other educational instituations should conform to the principle of  subsidiarity and respect the precedence of parental rights and obligations. The ministry of spiritual assistance in the delicate sphere of the development of sexuality is the task of parents, who are the most important educators. All parents are obliged to undertake that difficult task, which requires creation of the climate of trust, closeness and mutual respect in the family, as well as   gentleness and respect for the intimate shpere of children. It is essential, that all information be conveyd in a clear way and reach children in proper time.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115203916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satisfaction of life in postmenopausal women","authors":"Klaudia Pałucka, Agnieszka Bałanda-Bałdyga, J. Kęsik, A. Pilewska-Kozak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1113","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Experiencing life satisfaction is an undisputed human desire. The postmenopausal period usually entails certain ailments that may contribute to the weakening of the woman's psychophysical condition and thus satisfaction with life.Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to examine the life satisfaction of postmenopausal women. \u0000Material and methods: The research was carried out in six randomly selected gynaecological clinics and in primary care clinics in the city of Lublin. They included 510 women. A diagnostic survey was used as a test method. The research tool was a questionnaire specially prepared for this work, consisting of sociodemographic data and a standardized questionnaire Satisfaction with Life Scale. \u0000 Conclusions: Postmenopausal women are characterized by average life satisfaction. There is a relationship between life satisfaction and the level of education, subjective assessment of the material and housing situation, subjective assessment of health and sexual activity. \u0000Keywords: menopause, postmenopause, life satisfaction \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117258666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health and the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"A. Zalewska, Marta Matysiak","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1118","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a significant threat to human life and health. It is highly contagious and therefore spreads rapidly and is fatal in severe cases. The main purpose of this article is to present the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. \u0000Method: Based on the review of the current literature based on the EBM (Evidence-Based Medicine) paradigm, the main mental health problems resulting from the pandemic are presented. During data collection, the PubMed search engine servicing the MEDLINE database and Google Scholar were used. The criterion that was used when searching for articles were papers published from 2020 available in Polish or English. \u0000Results: The SARS-CoV-2 virus infection itself, as well as the restrictions related to the pandemic, cause a number of negative consequences for mental health. They can manifest themselves as single symptoms or complexes of symptoms, as well as disorders or groups of disorders and complex problems of a psychopathological nature. All these phenomena can overlap and appear in the course of COVID-19, as well as its complications. The data available from the literature review show that during a pandemic, about 30% of people suffer from mental disorders, and over 50% of respondents report psychological distress. Mental health neglect during a pandemic may cause worsening disorders that may reveal themselves over the years. \u0000Conclusions: There are many options for combating the negative effects of a pandemic, which can be introduced at different levels. The impact of COVID-19 on the mental state of individual populations should be investigated and precisely defined, as it is necessary for planning short-term and long-term interventions in the areas of: medical, information and organizational. The full potential of many scientific disciplines should be used to contain the spread of the negative effects of a pandemic.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"77 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131450926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected psychological factors related to pregnancy planning in women diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Preliminary study","authors":"Anna Studniczek, Maryna Łabęcka, K. Kossakowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1119","url":null,"abstract":"The presented research aimed to determine whether the selected psychological variables are related to the desire to have a child in childless women diagnosed with schizophrenia, to check the differences in terms of these variables between women diagnosed with schizophrenia who declare the will to have a child, and those who do not plan to have one, as well as the comparison of the results obtained in the group of women with no history of psychopathology. 30 women diagnosed with schizophrenia and 30 healthy women participated in the study. The Self-esteem Scale by Rosenberg and the Strength of character VIA-120 by Peterson and Seligman were used. The results indicate differences in self-esteem and selected character strengths between women who want to have a child and those who do not declare such a willingness and between the group of women diagnosed and the comparison group.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121931417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attitudes of spouses towards abortion and the quality of their mutual relations","authors":"Iwona Rawicka","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1109","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years there have been a lot of social and political discussions concerning legal aspects of abortion in Poland and lessening restrictions in this area. Nevertheless there are few debates on social, psychological and medical effects for women and men who take the decision of abortion both on individual basis and in their mutual relationship. In the article the research has been conducted concerning relation between women’s and men’s attitudes towards abortion and the quality of their marital relationship. It cannot be explicitly stated what results abortion can bring in their common relationship. However, it can be estimated to what extend the cognitive, emotional and motivational aspect of their attitude towards abortion is connected with the quality of their marital bonding, love, communication and the feeling of being well-matched. In the research the method of diagnostic survey was used. To collect data estimating the quality of marriage the following four standardized exploratory tools were applied: Marital Bonding Scale of Józef Szopiński, Love Measure Questionnaire according to Robert Sternberg, adopted by Bogdana Wojciszke, Marital Communication Questionnaire by Maria Kaźmierczak and Mieczysław Plopa, and Marital Match Questionnaire by Jan Rostowski and Mieczysław Plopa. In order to estimate the respondents’ attitude towards abortion the researchers used one of the statements from the scale of attitude towards parenthood by Marta Komorowska-Pudło. On the basis of the data collected in the research it can be diagnosed that the attitudes of a married couple towards abortion have a statistically significant association with their mutual relationship, however not a big one. The higher level of acceptance they expressed  for the abortion in the situation of an unplanned pregnancy ,the lower was the level of the satisfaction in their marital bonding, love, communication and feeling of being well-matched.  At the same time with the increase of their level of satisfaction in their mutual relationship, their negative attitude towards abortion as a birth control tool was also growing. On the basis of comparison of the research results with data presented in the literature regarding the quality of married couples who had abortion, one can conclude that the attitude of married couples towards abortion in reference  to cognitive and emotional-motivational components  are connected in a similar way with the quality of their relationship, as in case of the attitude of married couple towards abortion in behavioral  component aspect. Accepting abortion (pro-choice attitude) is connected with less satisfactory relationships between men and women in marriages. On the other hand the lack of acceptance of abortion (pro-life attitude) results in the higher level of the quality of their relationship. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131392748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sources of the personalistic concept of fertility","authors":"Justyna Horbowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1105","url":null,"abstract":"Human fertility is a broad concept, encompassing the human biological, mental, and spiritual spheres. It can be referred to the procreation as the multiplication of the number of beings or it can be considered in the aspect of the human ontic structure, taking into account the ontic founds of the soul. Fertility was also understood as the ability to transmit life in the sense of the function of an organic body or a spiritual element. Finally, the issue of fertility was related to the mutual relations of parents and their children, and its understanding was broadened to include the context of transcendence. The purpose of this study is to reflect on the concept of human fertility that underlies the personalistic view of human fertility. In connection with this goal, the research problem was formulated in the form of the question: \"What were the origins of the understanding of fertility of a person?\" In the research work, the method of text analysis and the method of historicism was used. As a result of the study, it was possible to distinguish and outline the pre-philosophical approach to fertility, as well as ancient, medieval, modern, and contemporary concepts concerning fertility. Their review shows that human fertility was considered in the context of human sexuality. Moreover, the materialistic concepts related to the monistic vision of man were accompanied by the understanding of fertility as the ability to procreate, while the dualistic concepts, assuming the presence of the spiritual element, attributed to it the ability to animate the material body. The hylomorphic concept of the human structure, proper to the philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas and supplemented with a reference to individual existence was presented in the context of the approach to Aristotle's understanding of the soul, along with his discussion of human procreation as a special case of animal reproduction, and then supplemented with a personal context in the contemporary sense. An attempt was made to answer the research question, but the issue was not discussed exhaustively, which leaves room for further research.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124680377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrimony and parenthood in the life of Queen Victoria","authors":"Wojciech Warowny","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1111","url":null,"abstract":"Starting a family and caring for your offspring is a task of a paramount importance in the life of every person. This belief is unchangeable since the ages past and was popular also in 19th  century, when love was not the most important virtue in marriage and childrens’ mortality rate was maintaining a very substantial number. The person who knew it the best was „the Grandmother of Europe” – Queen Victoria who, together with her husband, prince Albert, fostered nine children, and her descendants to this day reign over some of the thrones of Europe. \u0000In this article the mindset of Queen Victoria, in regards to parenthood, will be shown on the basis of journals and her correspondences. Motherhood was a „darker side” of marriage. In that century It was a duty of every woman to fulfill it. High number of pregnancies and problems with properly fostering a family, left a physical and mental mark on Victoria, which is why her view on upbringing may surprise and shock. \u0000Relationship of Victoria and Albert was not as harmonious as people thought, because of couple’s differences in character. Rashness and short temper of Victoria fought Albert’s calmness and mindfulness – that was the picture of their married life for over 20 years. Numerous rows and arguments were a constant element of their life. On the one hand feeling of being intellectually inferior, on the other, low social status, those were the main reasons for disagreements between spouses. During their marriage Albert tried to change Victoria’s character. To some extend he succeeded, but the price was his health. The picture of the royal family perceived by their people was different to reality, but warmth and joy of family life, without disagreements and maintaining all moral codes, were supposed to be a trademark of family in Victorian era.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134524085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The attitude of women in the perinatal period to food and their own body depending on the satisfaction with the relationship","authors":"B. Ziółkowska","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1091","url":null,"abstract":"The period of pregnancy and puerperium is a unique experience in a woman's life. Although her attention and care are primarily focused on the child, his health and proper development, her self-image still plays an important role for her. One of the determinants of accepting your own body is its weight, which during pregnancy and puerperium - for obvious reasons - is much higher than before. Also other changes that accompany a woman during this period (e.g. discoloration, stretch marks, swelling) affect the assessment of her image. Acceptance of your own physis is largely conditioned by the relationship with your partner, including the sense of support and understanding that the woman experiences from him. The aim of the own research, designed in the model of correlation with the control group, was to verify the relationship between the body image and nutritional behavior of pregnant and postpartum women, depending on their satisfaction with the partner relationship. The variables were measured with the Kwestionariusz zachowan związanych z jedzeniem by N. Ogińska-Bulik and L. Putyński, the Kwestionariusz wizerunku ciała by A. Głębocka and the Inwentarz jakości związku in the Polish adaptation of H. Liberska, D. Suwalska-Barancewicz and P. Izdebski. It has been shown that there is a statistically significant correlation between the body image and nutritional behaviors both in women from the proper group - during pregnancy and puerperium, and in the control group - in women who are not pregnant and in the puerperium period. It has been empirically confirmed that the better the body image, the better the relationship with food and the less abnormal eating behavior. In addition, women who are satisfied with their relationship have a more positive self-image and more constructive eating behavior. The conducted research shows that for women in the perinatal period, as well as those who are not currently pregnant and in the postpartum period, the acceptance of the body image is a factor that protects against unconstructive eating behavior, and the feeling of satisfaction in the relationship is conducive to both a positive assessment of one's own physicality and in the postpartum period and proper relationship with food.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124185007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The meaning of life and health – a comparative study of the concepts of Aaron Antonovsky and Viktor Frankl","authors":"K. Sipowicz, M. Podlecka, T. Pietras","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1110","url":null,"abstract":"The presented paper analyses the interdependencies between the meaning of life and health. The noo-psychotheoretical concepts derived from the logotherapeutic trend of Victor Frankl (1984, 2009, 2018) and the phenomenon of health in salutogenetic orientation by Aaron Antonovsky (1979, 1992, 2005) have been compared. As a result, the importance of a sense of meaning in the process of achieving health and the essence of the sense of meaning as one of the elements of health have been outlined.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122998968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Lubelskie Voivodeship in 2008-2018 - part I: tobacco smoking","authors":"K. Jankowski","doi":"10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v3i51.1120","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Smoking is one of the most common cardiovascular risk factors. It is responsible for 7 million deaths annually in the world. Another 1.2 million people die from passive smoking. Nicotinism causes a chronic inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and it also works by increasing adrenergic arousal. The Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention Program implemented by Primary Healthcare Clinics is designed to assess the risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients. This provides an opportunity for an early response and appropriate action. \u0000Methods: A retrospective analysis of data obtained by the National Health Fund as part of the implementation of 86,485 preventive cards of the Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention Program in the Lubelskie Voivodeship in 2008-2018 was carried out. The analyzes were performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 25 program. The chi-square test and the Pearson linear correlation between the quantitative features were used to test the relationship between the two qualitative features. Significant predictors of a risk factor for cardiovascular disease were determined using multivariate logistic regression. The significance level was assumed to be α = 0.05 for two-tailed tests. \u0000Results: Tobacco smoking was declared by 26.5% of all respondents. It was significantly more often declared by men. The percentage of smokers increased with age - the highest was obtained for the group of 55-year-olds. Smoking cigarettes was significantly more often reported by people with primary education (44%), manual workers (33%) and retirees / pensioners (35%). Smoking tobacco escalated the risk of being diagnosed with arterial hypertension by 16.5%. It significantly influenced the risk of diabetes - even by 33.9%. It raised the risk of hypercholesterolaemia by 17.1% compared to never-smokers as well. \u0000Conclusions: The prevalence of nicotinism is alarmingly high. The effective implementation of the Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention Program provides an opportunity to educate on a large scale and identify patients at high risk of a cardiovascular event. Assessing the risk of death on the SCORE scale can motivate patients to change their lifestyle and make them aware of the impact of smoking on increasing this risk.","PeriodicalId":331430,"journal":{"name":"Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio","volume":"08 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127179463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}