Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature最新文献

{"title":"American Indian Novels","authors":"Gretchen M. Bataille","doi":"10.2307/1347547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1347547","url":null,"abstract":"The stereotype of the Indian, usually male, has long been a shadow figure in American literature. Whether invisible in Hawthorne's forests, a savage in Cooper's frontier, or a noble red man evoked by Lawrence, the Indian character in fiction was one readers believed they \"knew\" because popular myths had been made real by constant repetition. Increasingly, however, a new image of American Indians is evolving in fiction. It is not surprising that the old images are being replaced by new views which are more complex and based in historical and contemporary realities. This change is, in part, a result of greater awareness of America's diversity; however, a new generation of American Indian writers is largely responsible for challenging old stereotypes and forcing a revolution in the image of American Indians in American literature. Increasingly, the face of American literature is becoming many-hued, reflecting the heterogeneous society of America and challenging easy assumptions about the past. The history of the American Indian novel is short by some literary standards, but it is a history that has evolved rapidly during the past twentyfive years. Following the publication of John Rollin Ridge's novel The Life and Adventures of Joaquin Murieta in 1854, there were less than a dozen novels published by American Indians prior to 1968. S[ophia] Alice Callahan's Wynema (1891) was the next novel by an American Indian and is probably the first by an Indian woman. Set in the Creek Nation in Indian Territory, the novel is dedicated to Indians \"who have felt the wrongs and oppression of their pale-faced brothers.\" Simon Pokagon (O-gi-maw-kwe Mit-i-gwa-ki) is identified as the Potawatomi author of the 1899 novel Queen of the Woods; however, his authorship has been disputed by some critics. If Pokagon did not write Queen of the Woods, there were no other adult novels written by American Indians until the 1920s. John Milton Oskison, John Joseph Mathews, and D'Arcy McNickle published novels during the 1920s and 1930s, and Mourning Dove (Christine Quintasket) was the author of another early novel by an American Indian woman, Cogewea, the Half-Blood (1927). When John Joseph Mathews' novel Sundown (1934) was first published, the author was not identified as Indian because publishers at the time downplayed the ethnicity of authors, and authors themselves sought to \"fit in\" to Anglo society. John Milton Oskison wrote three novels (Wild Harvest, 1925; Black Jack Davy, 1926; and Brothers Three, 1935), but there was no reference to the author's Cherokee heritage, and the novels have little to do with Indian experience. Although N. Scott Momaday's novel House Made of Dawn (1968) was out","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121157782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trilogy of Treason. An Intertextual Study of Juan Goytisolo by Michael Ugarte (review)","authors":"Luis T. González-del-Valle","doi":"10.2307/1347286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1347286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121345621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fitzgerald's Lost City","authors":"S. L. Tanner","doi":"10.2307/1347727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1347727","url":null,"abstract":"\"Sometimes I don't know whether I'm real or whether I'm a character in one of my own novels,\" Fitzgerald once remarked to a friend.1 We sometimes experience a similar difficulty in distinguishing Fitzgerald and his wife Zelda from his characters, for the autobiographical element in his fiction is pervasive. And there is a corollary to this, natural enough when one stops to think about it, but which has been ignored: the fictional element in his autobiographical writing is significant.2I do not mean that he lied about his life in the usual sense of the word, but that he used devices of fiction such as selection, imagery, symbolism, and myth to shape and give substance to his autobiographical essays. The most notable example is \"My Lost City,\"3 in which he blends literary art with autobiography, as Thoreau and Whitman had done before him, to express his vision of American life and indeed of human life itself. In a remarkable way, displaying subtle and effective artistic strategy, \"My Lost City\" encapsulates his essential preoccupations and insights as a literary artist. The essay provides us with a fundamental paradigm for interpreting his fiction and helps us understand why it continues to be read, perhaps more now than ever. Before treating the essay itself, it is necessary to describe in a schematic way Fitzgerald's characteristic themes and attitudes. This will enable us to perceive more clearly how they are encapsulated in \"My Lost City.\" Generalizing from his own experience, Fitzgerald once asserted that authors usually repeat themselves. They have two or three really significant experiences in their lives and retell in various disguises their two or three stories \"maybe ten times, maybe a hundred, as long as people will listen.\" He confessed that he worked","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"2019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114302866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poetry of Mourning: The Modern Elegy from Hardy to Heaney by Jahan Ramazani (review)","authors":"Cynthia A. Kimball","doi":"10.2307/1347947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1347947","url":null,"abstract":"political transformation, social dispossession, cultural rupture, and linguistic alienation. His provocative project invigorates the Chicano agenda of recovering the American Hispanic literary and cultural heritage; it complements the works by scholars such as Erlinda Gonzáles-Berry, José David Saldívar, Héctor Calderón, Norma Alarcón, Rosaura Sánchez, Sonia Saldívar-Hull, Yvonne Yarbro-Bejarano, Francisco Lomelí, María Herrera Sobek, Juan Bruce-Novoa, Nicholas Kanellos, Tey Diana Rebolledo, Luis Torres, Charles Tatum, Clara Lomas, Raymund Paredes, Gabriel Meléndez, and Enrique Lamadrid. In his serious effort to examine the origins of the Mexican American literary and cultural autobiographical production, Genaro Padilla searches for the cultural genre and critical autobiographical practice under multilayered documents unpublished or unread, untranslated or mistranslated. His critical interpretation of Mexican American autobiography not only charts a new theoretical model for autobiography scholars, but it proposes an invaluable cultural model to approach the concept of \"new subjectivity\" at the core of defeat and rupture. Genaro Padilla skillfully articulates Mexican American autobiographical writing as a cultural discourse, not of assimilation, but of resistance. This body of cultural autobiography, he suggests, registers the \"cultural schizophrenia\" during a crucial socio-cultural, political, and historical moment as Mexican Americans struggled to reposition themselves in a world of loss. My History, Not Yours: The Formation of Mexican American Autobiography is an indispensable reading in the fields of cultural analysis, ethnic studies, autobiography, and Chicano studies.","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116498231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hate Speech: The History of an American Controversy by Samuel Walker (review)","authors":"R. Hogge","doi":"10.2307/1348360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1348360","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116516057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chaucer and Langland: Historical and Textual Approaches by George Kane (review)","authors":"Linda Marie Zaerr","doi":"10.1353/rmr.1989.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rmr.1989.0041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121513265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kane and Badiane: The Search for the Self","authors":"Victor Carrabino","doi":"10.1353/RMR.1987.0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/RMR.1987.0064","url":null,"abstract":"The myth of the quest in Black Literature of French Expression becomes the leit-motif which like a golden thread embroiders the texts of two contemporary Senegalese writers Cheikh Hamidou Kane (born in Matam in 1928) and Cheikh Badiane (born in Bambey in 1940). Both writers create characters who wander through a psychological labyrinth which leads them to the \"prise de conscience.\"' Published in 1983, eleven years after Kane's L'Aventure ambigue, Badiane's Les Longs soupirs de la nuit creates a character, Kancila, who shares with Kane's Samba Diallo the preoccupation with delving deeper into his own self, only to realize at the end that \"ce qui etait hier n'est plus aujourd'hui\" (45). Badiane's novel is set in 1914, two generations after the presence of France in Senegal.2 On the other hand, Kane's novel deals with the waning years of colonial times just a decade before Senegal gains its independence. Les Longs soupirs de la nuit in fact deals with the awakening of Africans, who since 1914 have become aware that times have changed. Badiane places his characters in a long night which is superseded by another night colonialism: \"L'Etranger decide a notre place.\" A new nightmare replaces the previous one and \"personne ne pense plus a extirper ce cancer qu'est le colonialisme\" (182). To view Badiane's novel as a reflection of the present world would be a useless effort, for Kancila, the main protagonist, joins hands with Samba Diallo in their common effort to find themselves within the realm of their ancestry. It is my intention, therefore, in this paper, to study both Badiane's and Kane's novels within the quest of the self. The orphic descent into the abyss of the self translates symbolically the principal preoccupation of the modern hero. Everything comes back to the individual and to his internal quest. As Joseph Campbell states: \"today no meaning is in the group . . . in the world; all is in the individual\" (388). Samba Diallo, the main protagonist of Kane's L'Aventure ambigue,exists totally in a mythopoeic context. He has embarked on a long journey, a voyage through his subjective world. Structurally, Samba Diallo's drama follows closely the plan of the archetypal hero. As Harry Slochower suggests, every hero must go through these stages: (1) birth and voyage; (2) return; and (3) epilogue (tragic transcendance) (22-24). In L'Aventure ambigue, the first stage is equated with the formation of Samba Diallo's spirit in the white school and his trip to France. His \"prise de conscience\" follows his return to his native country in that he sees both worlds as an integral part of his assimilated soul. Through his death, Samba Diallo","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114749296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"L'Orientation d'Abel Tiffauges dans Le Roi des Aulnes de Michel Tournier","authors":"Phyllis Johnson, B. Cazelles","doi":"10.1353/RMR.1975.0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/RMR.1975.0016","url":null,"abstract":"Si la traduction anglaise du titre semble détecter dans le roman de Michel Toumier l un appétit anthropophage que la légende allemande désavouerait, elle a pourtant le mérite de résumer avec saveur la réalité interne du héros. Le Roi des Aulnes se prête à de multiples interprétations où la critique peut à loisir puiser dans la tradition mythique pour extrapoler la véritable signification d'un symbolisme exacerbé. Dans une infinie série d'équations, Abel Tiffauges est d'abord ce garagiste de la Porte-des-Ternes, destiné à connaître le Canada de la liberté dans une orientation qui l'emmène au-delà des frontières de la France et de la guerre. Mais ce dépaysement ne fait que prolonger un déracinement tôt pressenti, entre les murs du collège de Saint-Christophe, dans la clôture de son garage et le sanctuaire de sa chambre. La monstruosité d'Abel Tiffauges provient ainsi d'une différence fondamentale entre lui et le monde, d'une vie parallèle qui le fait écrire de la main gauche, courir la chair fraîche, goûter aux plaisirs incongrus du voyeur. Au sentiment d'un destin exceptionnel se joint la sensation d'une unicité traduite par ses efforts à capter les effluves de son existence scatologique. Tout est polarité; seul le héros s'octroie le bénéfice de l'asexualité, afin de mieux recueillir les courts-circuits du fortuit et de l'insolite. Il ne s'agit cependant pas d'une quête surréaliste, pour le profit du scandale et de l'onirique. Les vies parallèles de Tiffauges sont justement","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114765084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speaking Two Languages: Traditional Disciplines and Contemporary Theory in Medieval Studies by Allen J. Frantzen (review)","authors":"A. Boyer","doi":"10.2307/1347631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1347631","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114851065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editing the Text of Popular Opinion: Literature as Publicity in Jean Lorrain's Maison pour dames","authors":"R. Ziegler","doi":"10.1353/rmr.1992.a459479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/rmr.1992.a459479","url":null,"abstract":"Sickened by the snobbism and fatuity of the Tout-Paris savaged in his columns, the infamous Jean Lorrain in 1900 abandoned what he called \"la ville empoisonnee\" in order to take up residence in Nice, where he savored the pleasure of wandering through the city's old quarter with its redolence of cheeses, musk, and spice. Lorrain had tired of being harried by litigation and public censure, had grown impatient with being attacked in the anonymous letters flooding his apartment in Auteuil. And so the writer who, in 1885, had arrived in Paris, anxious like Rastignac to join in \"la lutte du poete contre la capitale corrompue\" (Jullian 47), finally found himself obliged, at age 45, to concede defeat and to go into exile in the South. Better known today as the ether-addicted homosexual who consorted with wrestlers and garcons bouchers, chronicler of les moeurs parisiennes, whose accounts of the demi-monde both titillated and scandalized his readers, Lorrain was also a prolific poet, conteur, and dramatist, a novelist whose fictions offered comment on the unhealthy notoriety that made the author a familiar but marginal figure. Generally neglected and forgotten since his death in 1906, consigned to a literary purgatory where his writings have languished for too long, Lorrain, ne Paul Duval, was at once a conspicuous public figure, famous for his friendship with Sarah Bernhardt and for his duel with Marcel Proust, and a journalist who skewered social pretenders and poseurs in his abrasive Pall-Malls. Indeed, Lorrain's cynical depictions of Paris as a modern-day Babylon have often obscured his literary works that deal with the same themes. Published posthumously in 1908, Lorrain's novel Maison pour dames has been characterized by one critic as \"une satire f6roce des petits cenacles journalistico-litteraires\" (Kyria 107). Yet apart from giving insights into the operation of a typical turn-of-the-century poetry review, with its cynical commercial maneuverings and exploitation of contributors, the novel also shows the author's identity becoming just another fiction sold to the public, a collaborative text whose meaning depends on its production as a publicity vehicle accorded a favorable reception by a distant and patronized readership.","PeriodicalId":326714,"journal":{"name":"Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127771026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}