Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review最新文献_第3页

The “Good Marriage” among Gabori Roma: Between Aristocratic Ideology, Egalitarian Utopia, and Singular Contingencies 加博里罗姆人的“好婚姻”:在贵族意识形态、平等主义乌托邦和单一偶然性之间

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.02

Martín Olivera

引用次数: 0

Constraints on “Free Choice”: The Role of Marriage in a Hungarian Romungro Community “自由选择”的约束:婚姻在匈牙利罗姆格罗人社区中的作用

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.08

Cecília Kovai

{"title":"Constraints on “Free Choice”: The Role of Marriage in a Hungarian Romungro Community","authors":"Cecília Kovai","doi":"10.57225/martor.2020.25.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2020.25.08","url":null,"abstract":"Marriage has been studied by anthropologists usually in so-called “traditional” Roma communities. These communities are said to have “successfully” avoided assimilation and the process of proletarianization. According to classical anthropological studies, marriage plays an important role in maintaining the organization of these communities and their “cultural system” (Gay y Blasco 1999; Okely 1996; Sutherland 1976; Tesăr 2012; Williams 2000). Based on longterm ethnographical fieldwork from 2000 to 2013, my paper will discuss the meanings that marriage takes in a Hungarian Romungro community,1 which is highly affected by processes of assimilation and proletarianization. I will point out that although the concept and practice of marriage here are different from those of non-proletarianized communities—for example, the notion of “arranged marriage” does not exist among Romungros—marriage seems to be the most significant institution in the everyday life of the community. The institution of marriage can be interpreted through intersectionality, along with the kinship system and gender relationships, but it should not be separated from ethnic identity, everyday practices of ethnic distinctions, and class position either. Drawing on two case studies, I will show how the institution of marriage relates to the extended family, the Gypsy/Hungarian distinction, and the class positions within this community, and how the process of proletarianization affects the role and concepts of marriage.","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121705989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

“Lăutar Space”: Marriage, Weddings, and Identity among Romani Musicians in Romania “琴弦空间”:罗马尼亚罗姆音乐家的婚姻、婚礼和身份

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.06

Margaret H. Beissinger

{"title":"“Lăutar Space”: Marriage, Weddings, and Identity among Romani Musicians in Romania","authors":"Margaret H. Beissinger","doi":"10.57225/martor.2020.25.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2020.25.06","url":null,"abstract":"This article treats, through the lens of marriage and nuptial practices, how lăutari (professional male Romani musicians who perform at Romanian weddings) and their families self-identify as Romanianized Roma. Lăutari assume hybrid forms of identity, drawing on both traditional Romani and mainstream Romanian culture as they perpetually create and recreate their own composite sense of “lǎutar space.” Lăutari, like many Roma, preserve basic norms of traditional matrimony, and weddings provide an arena in which they express emblems of Romani culture. Yet lăutari also invoke their “elite” status vis-à-vis “other Gypsies” by refuting what they view as “backward” marital praxes. Moreover, they both appropriate certain Romanian nuptial traditions as well as sustain a basic distrust of Romanians as non-Roma. While lăutar culture has evolved significantly over the twentieth century, younger family members are carving out their own shifting forms of “lǎutar space” in unprecedented ways, often fueled by educational opportunities. This article examines how lăutar identity is nurtured through a dynamic merging of Romani and Romanian cultures and how marriage and wedding practices inform these intersections.","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114425149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

“Free Choice” in Marriage-making among Romanianized Roma 罗马尼亚化罗姆人婚姻中的“自由选择”

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.05

Andreea Racleș

引用次数: 0

“What’s the Point of Studying Kinship if You Don’t Connect It to the Broader Power Structure?” A Dialogue “如果不把亲属关系与更广泛的权力结构联系起来，研究它有什么意义?”一个对话

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.10

A. Kóczé, A. Chirițoiu

{"title":"“What’s the Point of Studying Kinship if You Don’t Connect It to the Broader Power Structure?” A Dialogue","authors":"A. Kóczé, A. Chirițoiu","doi":"10.57225/martor.2020.25.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2020.25.10","url":null,"abstract":"Angela Kóczé, one of the leading sociologists associated with the “Critical Romani Studies” direction, and director of the Roma Graduate Preparation Program at CEU, has a dialogue with this issue’s associate editor, Ana Chirițoiu. They discuss points of contention between “Roma ethnographies” and “critical” scholarship, especially with a view to the relevance of marriage and kinship, this issue’s topics, in relation to the broader issues that Roma are facing. Kóczé argues for an approach that pays more attention to the racialization of the Roma and to the structural processes that shape their lives, and criticizes the euphemistic overtones of the term “ethnicity.” She is decidedly against any “romanticization” of poverty and modes of making-do and of approaches that celebrate “cultural distinctiveness.” Instead, she says, we need to understand the processes of exclusion and dispossession that cause some Roma communities to become closed or isolated. Moreover, Kóczé argues that the reliance on kinship and neopatrimonial practices are just as frequent, if not more, in broader society, and would be best understood comparatively and in a more extensive analysis, rather than through a monolithic focus on Roma.","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dare to Record! The Ethics of Decision Making in Fieldwork Documentary Practice 敢于记录!野外纪实实践中的决策伦理

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2020-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2020.25.13

Ileana Gabriela Szasz

{"title":"Dare to Record! The Ethics of Decision Making in Fieldwork Documentary Practice","authors":"Ileana Gabriela Szasz","doi":"10.57225/martor.2020.25.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2020.25.13","url":null,"abstract":"The ethics of documentary practice is often brought into discussion after the screening of the film, when the production is already finished. Except for a minimum formal requirement of consent, there is no standard set of rules that filmmakers are compelled to follow during fieldwork, regulating their relationship with the people in front of the camera. Viewers make ethical judgments based on cultural expectations regarding consent, disclosure, motive, and structure. The diversity of fieldwork situations is considered the main reason for the lack of formal guidelines in this practice. Fieldwork behavior is shaped by the responsibility the practitioners assume towards the people filmed, the other team members, and their personal professional goals based on their own set of moral standards. Grounded in my experience as a cinematographer for a documentary shot in a Cortorari Roma community in a Transylvanian village, the article discusses the ethical challenges I faced in the decision-making process while filming on location. Accounting for the particularities encountered during this fieldwork—from the language barrier, secrecy and rumors to tensed conversations and open conflicts—I discuss the factors that influenced my choices. The analysis aims to reveal how the perception of responsibility and power roles that emerged in this context determined when and what was to be recorded and made available for editing and disclosure.","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"595 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133236627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Aliyah of 1949: Unpublished Migration Requests of Jews from Romania as Vehicles of Memory 1949年的回归:未发表的罗马尼亚犹太人作为记忆载体的移民请求

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2019.24.08

R. Mateoc

引用次数: 0

Sounding Out the Personal Archive 探听个人档案

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2019.24.09

C. Câmpeanu, Mara Mărăcinescu

{"title":"Sounding Out the Personal Archive","authors":"C. Câmpeanu, Mara Mărăcinescu","doi":"10.57225/martor.2019.24.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2019.24.09","url":null,"abstract":"\"This paper is about working with archives—finding, accessing, making them intelligible, producing and curating them—and what this process looks like when we privilege sound as material, process, instrument, and logic. In our audio project, we took personal archives as a starting point and through audio recording we produced two more related archives: a carefully edited and curated one, the podcast Americanii, and an unedited “rough” one, the totality of audio recordings (and some photographs) we produced in several weeks of fieldwork. Americanii is a curated oral archive that preserves personal stories gathered in the field while creating new narratives from them. It employs different sto¬rytelling structures that show the potential of the sound medium as a way to access and mediate these oral histories. Through this project, we interrogate the way personal archives can be under¬stood and approached, not just as material collections but rather as complex assemblages of objects, stories, memories, and sounds purposefully collected, managed, and produced in non-institutional settings. We show the potential and limits of the intimacy inherent in the process of audio recording, and how intimacy can be a way not just of accessing archives, but also of producing them.\"","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115039460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Little White / Black Book of the Ethnological Archive of the Museum of the Romanian Peasant. 2009-2019 罗马尼亚农民博物馆民族学档案小白/黑皮书2009-2019

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2019.24.10

Iris Șerban, I. Popescu, Andra Tarara

引用次数: 0

The “Socialist Modernism” Platform: Online Archives and Knowledge Production in Central and Eastern Europe “社会主义现代主义”平台:中东欧的在线档案与知识生产

Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review Pub Date : 2019-11-15 DOI: 10.57225/martor.2019.24.05

Maria Cristache

{"title":"The “Socialist Modernism” Platform: Online Archives and Knowledge Production in Central and Eastern Europe","authors":"Maria Cristache","doi":"10.57225/martor.2019.24.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57225/martor.2019.24.05","url":null,"abstract":"\"In this article I explore the relationship between online archives and the process of knowledge production by looking at visual representations of modernist architecture. I focus on the project “Socialist Modernism,” developed by the Bureau for Art and Urban Research (B.A.C.U.) with the purpose of collecting photos of buildings erected in Central and Eastern Europe. The goal is to determine what this project reveals about the built environment in socialism and its post-socialist transformation. For this purpose, I look at the content produced and disseminated by the project team through a visual studies methodological approach. Namely, I am interested in how the images are received, used, and (re)interpreted in visual studies. I discuss the case study of the Romanița Collective Housing Tower from Chișinău with the aid of theories of landscape, space, and architecture as a form of knowledge. This entails analyzing the content generated by B.A.C.U., the pictures themselves and the ways in which the public reacts to the material circulated. In addition to the visual and textual forms of knowledge produced by B.A.C.U., the viewers place these images into a wider context, reinterpret their significance, and sometimes contest the claims made by the project team. Based on these observations, this new type of archive seems to be shaped by the interaction between different actors, such as users of digital content, professional groups, and the state.\"","PeriodicalId":324681,"journal":{"name":"Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123673089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0