Precision Radiation Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Exploration of individualized neoadjuvant therapy model for operable esophageal cancer: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database analysis.","authors":"Xingyu Zhou, Jiao Xue, Long Chen, Songbin Qin, Qi Zhao","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to examine the individualized neoadjuvant therapies for operable esophageal cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Data of 95,444 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2017 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT), and surgery alone was compared in patients with stage II esophageal cancer. Patients with stage III disease were divided into \"local invasive type\" group (type I, T3N1M0, T4N0-1M0) and \"regional metastatic type\" group (type II, T1-2N2-3M0) according to the tumor invasion pattern. The effectiveness of nCRT and nCT in different patterns was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2,706 patients with stage II disease, a statistical difference was observed in the overall survival (OS) between nCRT (85.1%), nCT (3.0%), and surgery alone (11.9%, <i>P<0.001</i>, median OS (mOS): 54 vs 41 vs 24 months). Meanwhile, 3,303 patients with stage III disease who received nCRT were included in the propensity score matching. A statistical difference was observed in the OS between \"Type I\" (<i>n</i> = 217) and \"Type II\" (<i>n</i> = 217, <i>P = 0.023</i>, mOS: 45 VS 28 months). Among 93 patients with stage III receiving nCT, those with \"Type II\" (23.7%) showed a greater potential benefit from nCT than those with \"Type I\" (76.3%, <i>P = 0.686</i>, mOS: 51 vs 40 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>nCRT is recommended for stage II esophageal cancer. In patients with stage III, those with \"local invasive type\" may greatly benefit from nCRT, while those with \"regional metastatic type\" may greatly benefit from nCT.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility planning study of lattice radiotherapy for palliation in bulky tumors.","authors":"Jayashree Np, Shreekripa Rao, Anshul Singh, Umesh Velu, Ankita Mehta, Shirley Lewis","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Lattice radiotherapy can potentially deliver high doses to the tumor core, while conventional doses to the periphery resulting in improved response rates in large tumors (> 5 cm). We assessed the feasibility of planning lattice radiotherapy and dosimetrically compared it with conventional radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective dosimetric study evaluated 10 patients with large tumors (> 5 cm) treated with palliative intent with a dose of 20Gy in five fractions. High-dose lattice points were created at doses of 50Gy in non-hepatic tumors and 35Gy in hepatic tumors. Lattice plans were compared with treatment plans regarding dose coverage and organ-at-risk dosimetry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Treated sites included soft tissue metastases to the neck, lungs, abdomen, pelvis, and liver. The mean lesion volume was 1103 cc (352-3173 cc). The maximum tumor size was 16 cm. The target volume coverage was > 95% in all but one case (88% to achieve organ constraints). Dosimetry and organ-at-risk doses were similar in both palliative treatment and simulated lattice plans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lattice radiotherapy is feasible in large tumors using volumetric-modulated arc therapy and achieves good coverage while meeting organ constraints. However, a prospective clinical evaluation is required to confirm its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"209-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[¹⁸F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT downgraded the staging of a breast cancer patient and changed their treatment management.","authors":"Jingjie Qin, Jingjing Zhao, Jinming Yu, Yuchun Wei","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 47-year-old woman underwent [¹⁸F]-FDG and [¹⁸F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to assess the staging of suspected axillary lymph node enlargement following breast-conserving surgery. The imaging with these two PET agents revealed starkly contrasting results. Significant [¹⁸F]-FDG uptake in the right axillary fossa, intrathoracic muscles, and clavicle lymph nodes led nuclear medicine physicians to suspect metastasis. However, no uptake of [¹⁸F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 was observed. Subsequently, the patient underwent an ultrasound-guided biopsy of the enlarged axillary lymph nodes, which pathologically confirmed the diagnosis as inflammation. After a multidisciplinary discussion, the patient received radiotherapy for the right breast and 2.15Gy/F×28F for the tumor bed. She was discharged following the completion of her radiotherapy. Accurate diagnosis and staging are pivotal in selecting the optimal clinical treatment for breast cancer patients. Notably, [¹⁸F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT downgraded this patient's staging, significantly influencing the treatment strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"227-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D gamma analysis between treatment plans for nominally beam-matched medical linear accelerators using PyMedPhys.","authors":"Fada Guan, William Donahue, Simon Biggs, Matthew Jennings, Emily Draeger, Huixiao Chen, Yuenan Wang, Ngoc Nguyen, David J Carlson, Zhe Chen, Dae Yup Han","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beam-matched linear accelerators (linacs) enable flexible patient scheduling and efficient treatment delivery in the event of unexpected machine downtime. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of 3D gamma index as an additional metric beyond standard measurement-based comparisons for more efficient evaluation of treatment plans between linacs with nominally matched beam models to ensure safe patient transfer. Seventeen 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) plans and thirty-six volumetric-modulated radiation therapy (VMAT) plans for different disease sites were selected from the original linac. An in-house script was used to automatically create new plans for the target linac and calculate dose using parameters of the original plans. 3D gamma analysis was performed to compare plan dose distributions between the target and original linacs using <i>PyMedPhys</i>. The 2%/2 mm gamma pass (γ≤1) rate was >99.99% for all 3DCRT plans. The median 1%/1 mm pass rate was 99.86% but two cases failed (< 90%). For VMAT plans, the median and minimum 2%/2 mm gamma pass rates were 99.43% and 93.81%. For 1%/1 mm, the median pass rate was 92.02% but ten cases failed. The results indicated using 3D gamma index can enhance the confidence and add an extra layer for safe patient transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"191-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart ultrasound and biomechanical evaluation of radiation-induced heart toxicity using transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).","authors":"Yuenan Wang, Fada Guan, Fukun Ouyang, Hongyan Yuan, Ming Su, Xuanfeng Ding","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a serious complication but difficult to assess in patients undergoing thoracic radiotherapy (RT). We aim to analyze RIHD using heart ultrasound and elastic modulus, exploring relationships between functional, anatomical or biomechanical changes of the heart and radiation dose. Twenty BALB/c mice were divided into four groups (control, 10 Gy, 20 Gy and 25 Gy) with a single fraction of image-guided volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) to murine heart on a linear accelerator. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed on a small-animal ultrasound imaging system with a handheld microscan transducer. E-wave/A-wave ratio (E/A) and myocardial performance index (MPI) for diastolic performance were noninvasively evaluated weekly, as well as ejection fraction (EF%), fractional shortening (FS%), left ventricle (LV) mass and heart wall thickening for systolic performance. At the end of the fifth week, all mice were sacrificed for elastic modulus measurement on a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and for histopathological staining. All experiments were conducted in accordance with the local institution's animal research committee guideline. Significant difference was observed in E/A ratio between the control and 25 Gy irradiated groups (1.8±0.5 and 0.7±0.9, respectively; <i>p</i><0.05), indicating reduced diastolic performance and increased stiffness in left ventricle after high-dose heart radiation. Diastolic dysfunction in irradiated groups was also observed with significantly increased MPI. In contrast, posterior wall thickness, aortic peak velocity, heart rate, EF and FS were not significantly different after RT. Heart elasticity was reduced substantially with the increased radiation dose. HE and Masson Trichrome staining confirmed more fibrosis deposition in irradiated hearts. RIHD evaluation with ultrasound imaging noninvasively and biomechanical modulus measurement invasively in the image guided, precision dose-escalated murine heart irradiation is feasible. Increased myocardial stiffness, abnormal diastolic relaxation, more collagen deposition, and reduced tissue elasticity are observed in irradiated heart tissue. This study may facilitate our understanding of RIHD and facilitate improving patients' quality of life in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"200-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation induced liver injury (RILI) evaluation using longitudinal computed tomography (CT) in image-guided precision murine radiotherapy.","authors":"Yuenan Wang, Fada Guan, Siyuan Wang, Wanwei Jian, Mohammad Khan","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aim to perform image-guided, dose-escalated, well-controlled liver-irradiated animal studies and subsequently evaluate radiation induced liver injury (RILI) using longitudinal CT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen 6-8 weeks mice were divided into three groups: control, 15Gy and 30Gy irradiated groups. The animal protocol was approved by the animal care ethics committee of our institution. Precision radiotherapy started with CT simulation, followed by treatment planning using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), image guidance with cone beam CT (CBCT) and radiation delivery on a medical linear accelerator. Weekly CT was conducted on the same CT simulator using same scanning parameters. At the end of fifth week, all mice were sacrificed, and histological staining was performed. Body weight, liver volume, HU values and histogram distributions were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body weight of irradiation groups was significantly reduced compared to that of the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). Liver volume in irradiated groups was reduced too. The average liver HU was significantly reduced in irradiated groups (HU mean = 62±3, 48±6, and 36±8 for the control, 15Gy and 30Gy respectively; <i>p</i> _{control vs. 15Gy} < 0.05, <i>p</i> control vs. 30Gy < 0.05). A linear relationship between liver HU and radiation dose was found. Furthermore, HU histogram changes with time and dose showed not only density but also structure might be affected by radiation. HE and Masson Trichrome staining confirmed histological change and increased collagen deposition in irradiated liver.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Longitudinal unenhanced CT is a useful imaging tool to evaluate the severity and progression of radiation induced liver injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"182-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mimicking large spot-scanning radiation fields for proton FLASH preclinical studies with a robotic motion platform.","authors":"Fada Guan, Dadi Jiang, Xiaochun Wang, Ming Yang, Kiminori Iga, Yuting Li, Lawrence Bronk, Julianna Bronk, Liang Wang, Youming Guo, Narayan Sahoo, David R Grosshans, Albert C Koong, Xiaorong R Zhu, Radhe Mohan","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1243","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pro6.1243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previously, a synchrotron-based horizontal proton beamline (87.2 MeV) was successfully commissioned to deliver radiation doses in FLASH and conventional dose rate modes to small fields and volumes. In this study, we developed a strategy to increase the effective radiation field size using a custom robotic motion platform to automatically shift the positions of biological samples. The beam was first broadened with a thin tungsten scatterer and shaped by customized brass collimators for irradiating cell/organoid cultures in 96-well plates (a 7-mm-diameter circle) or for irradiating mice (1-cm² square). Motion patterns of the robotic platform were written in G-code, with 9-mm spot spacing used for the 96-well plates and 10.6-mm spacing for the mice. The accuracy of target positioning was verified with a self-leveling laser system. The dose delivered in the experimental conditions was validated with EBT-XD film attached to the 96-well plate or the back of the mouse. Our film-measured dose profiles matched Monte Carlo calculations well (1D gamma pass rate >95% with the criteria of 2%/1 mm/2% dose threshold). The FLASH dose rates were 113.7 Gy/s for cell/organoid irradiation and 191.3 Gy/s for mouse irradiation. These promising results indicate that this robotic platform can be used to effectively increase the field size for preclinical experiments with proton FLASH.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 4","pages":"168-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Electroacoustic Tomography with Supervised Learning for Real-time Electroporation Monitoring.","authors":"Zhuoran Jiang, Yifei Xu, Leshan Sun, Shreyas Srinivasan, Q Jackie Wu, Liangzhong Xiang, Lei Ren","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1242","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pro6.1242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF)-based electroporation is a new therapy modality potentially synergized with radiation therapy to improve treatment outcomes. To verify its treatment accuracy intraoperatively, electroacoustic tomography (EAT) has been developed to monitor in-vivo electric energy deposition by detecting ultrasound signals generated by nsPEFs in real-time. However, utility of EAT is limited by image distortions due to the limited-angle view of ultrasound transducers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study proposed a supervised learning-based workflow to address the ill-conditioning in EAT reconstruction. Electroacoustic signals were detected by a linear array and initially reconstructed into EAT images, which were then fed into a deep learning model for distortion correction. In this study, 56 distinct electroacoustic data sets from nsPEFs of different intensities and geometries were collected experimentally, avoiding simulation-to-real-world variations. Forty-six data were used for model training and 10 for testing. The model was trained using supervised learning, enabled by a custom rotating platform to acquire paired full-view and single-view signals for the same electric field.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed method considerably improved the image quality of linear array-based EAT, generating pressure maps with accurate and clear structures. Quantitatively, the enhanced single-view images achieved a low-intensity error (RMSE: 0.018), high signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR: 35.15), and high structural similarity (SSIM: 0.942) compared to the reference full-view images.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study represented a pioneering stride in achieving high-quality EAT using a single linear array in an experimental environment, which improves EAT's utility in real-time monitoring for nsPEF-based electroporation therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 3","pages":"110-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress of cardiotoxicity caused by radiotherapy in breast cancer.","authors":"Xiaofei Xu, Yuesong Yin, Lixia Zhang, Dongmiao Wang, Ye Zhou, Qingxia Li","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer as the most common type of malignancy worldwide. Treatments for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy, immunotherapy, and hyperthermia. Radiotherapy plays an important role in breast cancer treatment. Patients with early breast cancer can have longer survival after combined treatment, but cardiotoxicity caused by radiotherapy may affect long-term prognosis. This article reviews cardiac damage caused by radiotherapy in breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 3","pages":"153-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new formula for calculating normal tissue complication probability.","authors":"Tingting Cao, Qingqing Yuan, Zhitao Dai","doi":"10.1002/pro6.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pro6.1240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To facilitate the use of quantitative modeling of biological effects in treatment planning by introducing a simpler function equivalent to the Lyman formula for calculating normal tissue complication probability (NTCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We first provide an approximation of the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) formula using three parameters (<i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, TD₅₀) as a function of equivalent uniform dose (EUD). The parameters for the new formula are defined in terms of the Lyman model's m and TD₅₀. Conversely, <i>m</i> and TD₅₀ are expressed in terms of the parameters of the new equation. The role of the Lyman volume-effect parameter <i>n</i> remains unchanged from its role in the Lyman model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The new formula, which exhibits a sigmoidal shape, demonstrates symmetry about TD₅₀, akin to the LKB model. The difference in NTCP between the two formulas is less than 0.1%. The parameters (<i>n</i>, <i>m</i>, TD₅₀) are preserved through rigorous mathematical deduction and have been recalibrated to the tolerance data of Emani <i>et al.</i> using the proposed formula. This new model provides a better fit to these data than the model by Burman <i>et al.</i>, which was fitted \"by eye\" rather than using statistical methods.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have developed a formula that represents NTCP as a function of EUD, which proves to be potentially useful. The parameters derived in this study are mathematically robust and offer a superior fit to the data compared to previous efforts. Additionally, the new model fits brain data as well as, if not better than, the LKB model.</p>","PeriodicalId":32406,"journal":{"name":"Precision Radiation Oncology","volume":"8 3","pages":"126-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11935045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}