International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research最新文献

{"title":"Health and Environmental Hazard of Plastic Waste in The Communities of Niger Delta","authors":"Goodluck Ngozi Onyinye Emma-Anyasodo, O. T. Oluyemi, Fashe Muluneh, Best Ordinioha, Ahmed Abdullahi, Alexander David Onoja","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n11837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n11837","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible adverse effects on human health that are caused by the presence of plastic rubbish in the villages that are situated in the Niger Delta area. The samples of water, fish, sediment, and human blood that were collected and analysed for their physico-chemical characteristics included temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, and phosphate. Sulphate, nitrate, and sulphate were also determined to be present in the samples. In addition, the samples were analysed to determine whether or not they included any trace elements of metals such as lead, arsenic, cadmium, copper, chromium, and zinc. The samples were analysed for heavy metals using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). These techniques were used to determine the composition of the samples. Further research was conducted to develop ecological and human health risk indicators in order to evaluate the presence of heavy metals in water and fish. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 25.0, was used for the analysis of the data that was obtained. In order to evaluate the nature of the connections between the various variables, descriptive statistical measures such as percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used. In addition, inferential statistical approaches such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Turkey's Test were applied in order to ascertain the existence of this link within a confidence interval of 0.05. According to the results of the research, heavy metals were found in water, fish, and human blood, respectively. The degrees of contamination, cancer risk, hazard quotient, prospective contamination index, degree of contamination, and contamination factor were all significantly increased due to the presence of heavy metals in the fish and the water. As a result, it is very necessary to carry out regular monitoring in order to evaluate the impact that waste plastic is having on the aquatic resources and the human population in the vicinity of the Niger Delta. This will assist assess the current state of these environmental dangers and their impact on the health of the general people.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"104 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139530458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Illegal Refineries On Aquatic Life in The Niger Delta, Nigeria: A Review","authors":"Igbani Flourizel, Ronald Winifred Ahulimen, Tatah Gideon Weapngong","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n1117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n1117","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of illegal refineries (“kpo-fire”) and aquatic life in the Niger Delta are reviewed on fish species and ecological systems. The biodiversity of the region has seriously been damaged, killing fishes and aquatic wildlife. Illegal artisanal refining strongly pollutes the ecosystems (air, water, and land); resulting to human ill-health, food insecurities, fish massive mortalities, to mention a few. And, the Federal Government trying to curb the menace, succeeded in doubling the effects by using its military Joint Task Force (JTF) to blow up illegal refining stations (refineries), killing humans, animals, fishes, microbes and generating carbon in the atmosphere, which precipitates as acid rain and sleet to the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Illegal refining is practiced due to failure of the multi-national companies and the Federal Republic of Nigeria government on mitigation and compensation to the Niger Delta, especially engaging the youth on meaningful venture. Nevertheless, there is a ceaseless call by the Niger Delta region; to cushion the effects of illegal refineries. It is crystal clear that lives (humans, animals and fishes) are endangered in the Niger Delta and the illegal refineries needs to be stopped to save the region and its rich biodiversity of flora and fauna forthwith.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"22 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139528827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling Pathways to Energy Transition in Nigeria Using OSeMOSYS (Open-Source Energy Modelling System)","authors":"Nwachukwu Councillor Olokotor","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n13848","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n13848","url":null,"abstract":"During the COP26, world leaders reaffirmed their commitments to reduce CO2 emissions and discussed financial support for developing countries. Three important topics were highlighted: international carbon markets, common time frames, and transparency (WRI, 2021). This pledge is crucial for countries such as NIGERIA, who contributes less than 1% to global carbon emissions, yet it is one of the most affected by climate change (Germanwatch, 2021). NIGERIA being the world’s sixth-most populous nation (218.5 on 2022), has ambitious energy plans.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139528859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Bed height on Chromium (III) and Manganese (IV) Fixed-bed Column Adsorption from Crude Oil Contaminated Water from Okuru River in Ogali, Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Mathias Onyi Lawrence, Boniface Ogori","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n14974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n14974","url":null,"abstract":"The removal of Cr (III) and Mn (IV) fixed-bed column adsorption from crude oil contaminated water was evaluated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Activated carbon prepared from sorghum (bicolor) chaff was used to adsorb Cr (III) and Mn (IV). The evaluated physicochemical properties of the activated carbon were pH (6.30),bulk density (0.33 g/cm3 ), moisture content (4.40%), Iodine Adsorption Ratio (0.28 mol/g), porosity (13.00), attrition factor (11.00%), and surface area (797.4 m2/g). Optimum percentage adsorption and equilibrium adsorption capacity for the effect of pH, inlet flow rate, bed height, inlet concentration and particle size gave, (89.796, 90.116, 93.046) % and (2.245, 2.253, 2.326) mg/g, (74.720, 84.990, 91.346) % and (2.277, 2.275, 2.284) mg/g, (88.192, 89.994, 90.190) % and (2.205, 2.249, 2.255) mg/g, (88.934, 90.002, 90.634) % and (2.223, 2.250, 1.266) mg/g, (91.346, 89.964, 88.936) % and (2.284, 2.249, 2.223) mg/g for Cr (III) and (84.630, 87.830, 82.507) % and (1.269, 1.317, 1.238) mg/g, (47.770, 74.425,83.790) % and (0.239, 0.744, 1.257) mg/g, (85.590, 84.023, 83.167) % and (1.284, 1.260, 1.248) mg/g, (82.473, 83.790, 85.230 ) % and (1.237, 1.257, 1.278) mg/g, (88.497, 87.220, 84.420) % and (1.327, 1.308, 1.266) mg/g for Mn (1V) respectively. The results therefore, shows that percentage adsorption increases with the effects mentioned and the kinetic data fitted well to the model for the effect of bed height.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on the Effects of Crude Oil Spill on Aquatic Life (Fish) in The Niger Delta, Nigeria","authors":"Igbani Flourizel, Tatah Gideon Weapngong, Odekina Martins Ukwubile","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n17594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol12n17594","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of crude oil in commercial quantities in the Niger Delta was echoes of riches and wealth to the region and the country, Nigeria but the Niger Delta environment and aquatic ecosystems suffers great anthropogenic pollutions to its biodiversity: birds, animals, plants and crops; fishes and wildlife. This article has reviewed the effects of crude oil spill on the aquatic life (fish) in the Niger Delta, examining cases of oil spill incidences, impacts of oil exploration and exploitation on the environment, management of oil spill on living aquatic resources; biomagnification and threat to biodiversity and food security. It also examined the extent of crude oil removal techniques, and finally proffer possible mitigations and compensations for oil spills incidences in the Niger Delta. We are left with a great question: can gas flaring and illegal refineries be stopped, in the Niger Delta? The Niger Delta waters and the aquatic biodiversity should be protected; the government and multi-national oil companies should launch a clean-up programme on the affected areas/the region, and the management of spills (both of catastrophic and local dimensions) will play a leading role by enacting and enforcing stringent environmental laws that will protect the oil producing communities/areas. Government should be able to identify natural resources (such as wetlands and coastal zones) in Nigeria and monetary investment in environmental protection of vulnerable areas should be seriously looked into.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"10 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139529244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Air Quality Parameters in Selected Road Intersections in Port Harcourt, Nigeria: A Case Study of their Potential Impacts on Terrestrial and Aquatic Environment","authors":"J. Akankali, B. Chukwuma, I. S. Ambrose, U. S. Unyime","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n12442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n12442","url":null,"abstract":"Selected air quality parameters (SO2, NO2, CO, PM2.5 and PM10) concentrations were measured at selected road intersections within the study area. SO2, NO2, CO, PM2.5 and PM10 were found to be above permissible limits of Federal Ministry of Environment (FME) and WHO, while CO was within the limit at all sampling stations. The result of the statistical analysis showed that the P-value was less than 0.05 (level of significance) in PM2.5 and PM10 parameters, which imply that these air quality parameters were significantly different from the FME limits. Similarly, NO2 and SO2 results showed significant differences when compared with FME standards. Generally, the results showed that the concentration the assessed pollutants were significantly higher than the recommended Nigeria FME limits. Thus, they constitute potential sources of health hazards to humans and aquatic flora and fauna within the water bodies in the study area. Routine monitoring of these air quality parameters and advocacy on their impacts on terrestrial and aquatic environment cum organisms amongst others, were recommended as a way of reducing air pollution within the study area.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128071802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Evaluation of Phthalate Esters in Three Tributaries of Asa River, Ilorin, Nigeria","authors":"Lawal Ramat Idowu, Adewoye Solomon Olayinka, Adenigba Victoria Olaide, Ajao Alfred Abolade","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n1112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n1112","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the determination of both the presence and concentration of phthalate esters in three tributaries of Asa River in Kwara State, Nigeria.Water samples were collected at different points from each of the three tributaries (Unity, Osere and Yidi streams) and a total number of 18 samples were collected and the concentration of the prevailing phthalates was determined using GC-MS. Seven different phthalates were found present in the samples and they are: DMP, BBP, DEHP, DNOP, DEP, DBP, and DNHP. The concentration of DMP in the 18 samples ranged from 0.114 -0.525 μg/L, BBP (0.266-0.697 μg/L), DEHP (0.086- 0.198 μg/L), DNOP (0.062- 0.456 μg/L), DEP (0.162- 0.679 μg/L), DBP (0.168- 0.399 μg/L), and DNHP (0.010-0.064 μg/L). The total phthalate concentration in the three tributaries was lower than the USEPA limit of 3 μg/L for fishes and aquatic lives except for Unity stream where the total was 3.018 μg/L. This study was carried out during the rainy season and the result obtained here could be used as a reference for a further study during dry season to compare the impact of seasonal variation on the distribution and concentration of phthalate esters in the selected tributaries.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131583864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduce Carbon footprint in Rawalpindi Pakistan","authors":"Maheen Mujeeb, M. Mujeeb, M. Rehman","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n11323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n11323","url":null,"abstract":"In developing countries such as Pakistan, atmospheric pollution has become a disaster. This study's objective was to observe and evaluate the air quality in the 15-million-person combined population of the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad in Pakistan. The quantities of particulate pollution, as well as CO2, were measured in five different cities. There are now far too many types and sources of pollution from numerous air pollutants. However, due to an absence of management skills for air pollution, the world is currently facing diminishing air quality. The ecosystem, public health, and quality of life are all seriously threatened by air pollution, according to facts from multiple governmental organizations and foreign organizations. Through the Pakistan Environmental Protection Program, the Pakistani government has implemented important strides toward air quality management, including the establishment of few active monitoring stations. However, there are currently no standards for environmental protection. This paper examines the standards for air pollutants from observational studies. Five main air pollutants—NO2, SO2, CO, O3, and PM2—were taken into consideration. Our findings show that under the baseline scenario, Existing air pollution in Pakistan management efforts are inadequate to achieve the nation's air quality criteria. By 2050, the percentage of deaths caused by PM2.5 will be 24% lower nationwide because of the implementation of sustainable development policies. Innovative standard precautions can improve Pakistan's air quality and public health, but when associated with foreign long-term new developments, they can also lower greenhouse gas emissions (implementing SDG 13's indicator on climate action) and save about a quarter of GDP (0.32% of GDP) on costs associated with emission control by 2050. It seems to have a substantial co-benefit in terms of cost (economic), health (social), and air pollution (environmental), suggesting that Pakistani public policy should consider a co-control at a low cost of greenhouse gases and air pollution in the future.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130778268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Vehicular Emissions to Climate Change in Nigeria: A Closer Look","authors":"O. Ucheje, Obiageli J. Okolo","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n14362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol11n14362","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is fast becoming a global challenge, as most countries in the world have continue to increase their industrial capacities, resulting in increase in greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. Also, the increase in human population in Nigeria has caused increase in motor vehicles, thereby resulting to release of more gaseous pollutants to the atmosphere. This study examined contributions of vehicular emissions to climate change in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The concentration of air particulate matter and pollutants were monitored in three locations (Rumuokoro, Rumuola and Ada George) selected on the basis of traffic density. Air quality was monitored with MX6 Ibrid Multi gas monitors, MET ONE GT 321 for particulate matter, Davis Vantage Vue Weather Station for metrological parameters. Data on meteorological factors such as air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity were collected from the nearest weather station in Port Harcourt. Traffic records were taken at the designated locations using a close circuit television (Plate 5.1) in the morning, afternoon and evening respectively. All the parameters were monitored in each location, five days in a week every month for two years (2016-2017). The result of the analysis revealed that there was an increase in concentration of average air pollutants across the areas monitored between 2016 and 2017. The variation was attributed to increase in vehicular traffic volume and change in climatic conditions. This implies that emission rate from vehicles will continue to increase and contribute significantly to climate change, except measures are put in place to mitigate it.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124015791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capacity Building for Disaster Mitigation in The Flood Plains Areas of Kogi State, Nigeria","authors":"Y. U.S., Ekule, A.A, Abdul C.I., Baiyegunhi, M.C.","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n4821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n4821","url":null,"abstract":"Capacity buildings in the built environment shut the laxity of urban control and regulatory compliance in developing areas. In Kogi State, Nigeria, they had been an urban chaos of natural disasters such as floods leading to deaths, destruction of houses, and properties in communities. This paper identifies and examines the potential hazards and risks precaution, focusing on the development of local stakeholders for threat identification, preparedness, strengths and weakness towards disaster mitigation in Nigeria. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire survey of building owners, residents, architects, engineers, surveyors, building supervisors, and building control officers with a valid percentage of 82% responses, and semi-structured face-to-face interviews and case study methods with aforementioned built environment relevant stakeholders in obtaining information on the necessity of capacity building to prevent or reduce the impact of disaster. Using SPSS for descriptive and inferential statistics analysis and the content analysis for qualitative data, the findings indicates that professionals in the built environment support the development of local communities and other stakeholders in identifying hazards, knowing who is at risk to be harmed, the precaution to be taken, record keeping, and periodic updating of the data. There was a capacity building gap for self-help disaster prevention and strengthening among the local communities as it relates to the built environment standards and regulations which will reduce the impacts of the hazard from the case studies. And the qualitative analysis revealed that there was sketchy information on previous data of disaster occurrences, awareness on preparedness, local infrastructures development and maintenance for standards and regulation compliance and control strategies are in dire needs of the local capacity building in Nigeria. Thus, the findings finally lead to the proposed recommendations uch as compulsory training to improve skills and knowledge of stakeholders, insurance policy education to create awareness, suspension of building approval within the areas, and training of vulnerable women and children for the local capacity building as a means of reducing the impacts of disasters in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130246184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}