International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Environmental Pollution on Rural Women in the Niger Delta","authors":"","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n1pp119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n1pp119","url":null,"abstract":"United Nations Development Program – Niger Delta Human Development Report (2006) assert that ‘’the environment is very important for the Niger Delta people where 60% of the population depends on the Natural environment living and non-living for livelihood’ In sum, the environment is the independent web of sources of livelihoods for rural women in the Niger Delta. However, the continuous viability and sustainability of the environment to render this eco-services and remain primarily the source of water supply, energy, food/protein supply, material for housing and pharmaceutical supply in this part of the unequal world remain a dilemma, following the continuous environmental pollution of the region due to various activities of man in his quest to explore the earth for crude oil and gas reserve for wealth accumulation. This has led to high negative impact on the inhabitants of the Niger delta region particularly rural women. This study therefore was carried out to investigate the attendant effect of environmental pollution on rural women in the Niger delta. Survey design was used for the study focusing on rural women. Secondary and primary data were obtained and used forthe study. Non parametric analytic tool and descriptive statistics were employed to analyse the data. The results of the analyzed data show a strong negative relationship between environmental pollution and rural women. The study therefore concludes that environmental pollution affect Niger delta rural women negatively leading to their lack of access to sources of water supply, shortage in fish/fisheries, fuelwood and farm produce as well as reproductive health imbalance. The study recommends that the management of oil companies in the Niger delta should put in place measures that will make their operations environmentally friendly to guard against further environmental pollution, make provision for sustainable source of water supply for their host communities, carry out empowerment scheme to enable the rural women have alternative source of income since they can no longer depend on the mangrove ecosystem and farmland which hitherto was their major means of livelihood and also built and equip cottage hospitals in the host communities to carter for those already affected and potential victims of reproductive health challenge.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126235488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Factors Influencing Exhaust Emission Levels in Five Major Cities in Ghana","authors":"","doi":"10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n1pp2844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37745/ijepr.13/vol10n1pp2844","url":null,"abstract":"Road transport exhaust emissions represent the main sources of atmospheric pollution in urban areas, due to the growing number of vehicles and travelled distances. The study examined determinants of exhaust emission levels based on vehicle engine type and vehicle age and fuel type used at city level. This study adopted an explorative and descriptive research design. The study areas were Accra, Kumasi, Tema, Takoradi and Tamale. An exhaust Gas Analyzer was used to collect exhaust emissions from sample of 1,000 vehicles. The data was analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression to explain the significance of the emissions. The result shows that vehicles older than year 2000 have a 23% to 25% chance of increasing emission pollution compared to cars newer than 2006. Fifteen percent of the sample indicated that the type of fuel contributes to a significant amount of exhaust emission. Comparatively, emissions of CO2¬, HC and CO from petrol engines are much higher in terms of value than the diesel engines. However, diesel engine produces high NOx compared to petrol engines. Vehicles in Accra and Kumasi produce more emissions than those of other cities. As means of mitigation measure, the regulatory bodies should enforce stringent emission legislation and regulation.","PeriodicalId":322162,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Environment and Pollution Research","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127563980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}