Food Policy最新文献

{"title":"Food safety, sampling inspection and optimization of regulatory resource allocation: Evidence from China’s aquatic food inspection","authors":"Yu Jin ,&nbsp;Jiehong Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food safety is a widespread problem that challenge regulatory bodies and consumers around the world. Earlier studies emphasized resources as the key to improving regulatory effectiveness, but our study suggests this common sense should be reexamined, especially in the context of increasing regulatory burdens in food safety. Using China’s aquatic food safety sampling inspection data with over 300,000 samples from 2014 to 2022, we examine the effects of sampling inspection on the failure rate of aquatic foods, and try to identify supply chain segments where more regulatory resources should be allocated. The results show that increasing the number of sampling inspections significantly reduces both the failure rate in aquatic foods, but the effects of increased sampling inspection on improving aquatic food quality follows an inverted U-shaped pattern. Increasing the intensity of sampling inspections targeting the upstream segment in the supply chain can significantly reduce the failure rate of aquatic foods in the downstream segments. Moreover, increasing the frequency of sampling inspections is more effective in reducing the failure rate in high-risk segments of the aquatic food supply chain, such as restaurants, online stores, wet markets, wholesale markets, and fresh food retailers. Our study highlights the crucial impact of regulatory bodies sampling inspection on reducing the failure rate of aquatic foods, and in particular provides policy implications for optimizing the allocation of regulatory resources in different supply chain segments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102976"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145340331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rice or Wheat? Evolution of cereal consumption in Bangladesh and Implications for policy","authors":"Khondoker Abdul Mottaleb ,&nbsp;Ashok K. Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103027"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domestic and international implications of reorienting China’s meat and feed import policies through unilateral liberalization","authors":"Rongbo Wang ,&nbsp;Wusheng Yu ,&nbsp;Lijuan Cao ,&nbsp;Tianxiang Li ,&nbsp;Jing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China’s vast livestock sector depends on massive feed grain and oilseeds imports from relatively few suppliers. In contrast, its meat imports, still a relatively small share of its domestic consumption, can be sourced from more suppliers. This study investigates the potential impacts of the reorientation of soybean and meat imports on China’s food security and the associated global spillover effects. We simulate a series of hypothetical unilateral tariff reductions and non-tariff measure relaxation scenarios on meat imports by China, using the GTAP model and a recalibrated GTAP database. Our results indicate that: 1) rising meat imports can help reduce China’s reliance on soybean and maize imports and support its import diversification efforts, especially through reductions of tariff barriers and nontariff measures on pig meats; 2) such a transition promotes diversification in China’s agricultural production structure, reducing maize acreage while encouraging the cultivation of rice, wheat, soybeans, fruits and vegetables, thus strengthening food security in a “Greater Food” approach; 3) at the global scale, this transition can reshape the global grain production structure, benefiting major meat-exporting countries at the expense of feed grain producers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103009"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a minimum pricing policy for the consumption of soft drinks in Mexico","authors":"Wisdom Dogbe ,&nbsp;Cesar Revoredo-Giha","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The government of Mexico introduced the sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax and energy-dense tax in 2014 to help addressing the overweight and obesity problem. The literature suggests that the tax has led to a 4–10% reduction in SSB consumption. However, noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes and ischemic heart disease are still the leading causes of death in Mexico, accounting for approximately 59% of deaths in 2021. In other sectors, such as alcohol and cigarettes, several studies have provided evidence that minimum pricing outperforms value-added and excise taxes. Such a policy, however, has not been applied in the food and non-alcoholic drinks sector. The aim of this study is to simulate the minimum price (post-SSB tax) required to achieve a policy target of a 20% reduction in soft drink consumption. For this purpose, an Exact Affine Stone Index demand model was estimated using the 2022 National Survey on Households Income and Expenditures (ENIGH in Spanish) to compute expenditure and price elasticities, which were later used to derive shadow prices for soft drinks. The results show that a policy target of a 20% reduction in soft drink consumption would require a minimum increase in the current price by 16%; however, the increase would be different for urban and rural households. Additionally, the policy would increase the demand for fruits, vegetables, fruit juices and fish and seafood. Finally, the results indicate that although both uniform excise taxes and minimum price policies are effective, the latter with a policy target in place would have a greater impact on soft drink demand than the former.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 102997"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145517459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food waste behaviour prediction and policy recommender system: data-driven machine learning approaches","authors":"Mehdi A. Kamran ,&nbsp;Reza Babazadeh ,&nbsp;AmirReza Gharibi ,&nbsp;Osman El-Said ,&nbsp;Samira Afsharfar ,&nbsp;Jokha Al Saqri","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising economic, environmental, and social consequences of food waste necessitate comprehensive studies to identify the primary drivers of household food waste (HFW) and to develop effective strategies for reducing it. This study predicts Food Waste Behavior (FWB) using a two-phase approach. In the first phase, an extensive literature review, complemented by expert opinions, is conducted to identify the most influential factors contributing to HFW. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) is then developed and validated using data obtained from a customized survey of 300 Omani households to establish the theoretical relationships among these factors. Next, IF–THEN rules derived from expert input through a structured Delphi process were used to assign FWB levels to all possible combinations of identified indicators via a Full Factorial Design (FFD). This dataset was then used to train several machine learning (ML) models—including Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)—to predict FWB in households. Among these models, MLP and SVM exhibited the best performance, achieving 99% classification accuracy.</div><div>In the second phase, the focus turns to policy intervention, achieved by creating an intelligent policy recommendation system. This system is informed by a detailed review of global food waste policies, supplemented by expert insights, and customized for the Omani context. The policy recommendation tool offers tailored strategies, including incentives, aimed at improving awareness and reducing HFW behaviors. This AI-based decision support system assists policymakers in crafting and implementing targeted interventions to reduce HFW in Oman. Although validated with data from Oman, the framework is adaptable to other countries. With local survey data, the ML models can be retrained to assess FWB and recommend context-specific mitigation policies, offering a scalable, data-driven tool for global use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103032"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal responsibility and regulatory compliance with food information on e-grocery platforms: an Italian case study offering insights for future policies and consumer protection in the European context","authors":"Andrea Gori,&nbsp;Martina Sartoni,&nbsp;Andrea Armani,&nbsp;Roberta Nuvoloni","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, e-grocery has grown across the European Union (EU), with regulations imposing the provision of mandatory information for prepacked food products (PFPs) even in online sales. However, recent studies have shown that e-grocery platforms do not always fully comply with these requirements. Thus, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of e-grocery services offered by major large-scale retailers (LSRs) in Italy, focusing on: i) territorial coverage at the provincial level; ii) the legal responsibility in the provision of mandatory information; and iii) the degree of compliance of 414 PFPs with EU and national legislations concerning mandatory food information. Results revealed greater diffusion of e-grocery services in Northern and Central-Northern Italy, with relevant disparities in the South and islands, reflecting structural and infrastructural market differences that are consistent with patterns observed across EU. All the analyzed platforms were owned and directly managed by the LSRs, thereby assigning them a central responsibility in ensuring compliance with current regulations. The analysis of the information provided on PFPs revealed a high percentage of compliance (92.8%), but also a non-negligible proportion of non-compliant products (7.2%), aligning with other EU researches. These findings highlight the need for clearer, and more accessible online food information to support compliance to regulations and consumer trust. The study also offers valuable insights and recommendations for stakeholders across the EU regarding regulatory compliance in online food sales, with important implications for consumer protection, enforcement practices, and the development of future policies in the continuously evolving context of digital food commerce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103013"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impacts of nutrient- and health-optimal diets on the food system in Switzerland","authors":"Utkur Djanibekov ,&nbsp;Albert von Ow ,&nbsp;Alba Reguant-Closa ,&nbsp;Daria Loginova ,&nbsp;Cédric Furrer ,&nbsp;Mélanie Douziech ,&nbsp;Stefan Mann ,&nbsp;Thomas Nemecek","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current dietary choices deviate from the recommended diet and are unhealthy. Food consumption is interlinked with the food system, and improving dietary choices will have an impact on the food system. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of nutrient- and health-optimized diets for an average Swiss consumer on the food system. We analyze three scenarios, including projected future diets and diets that optimize nutrient and health indices. We use the Swiss Sustainable Food System model, which is an ex-ante dynamic programming model. The model considers agricultural production, processing, trade, storage, and consumption stages of the food system. The results show that the projected future diet yields slightly better nutrient intake, but slightly fewer health benefits compared to current diets. Diets optimizing nutrient intake and health impacts yield substantial health benefits. Diets optimizing nutrient intake and health impacts increase the consumption of plant-based products by 55% and 78% respectively, in terms of calories, in contrast to the reference scenario, whereas they reduce the consumption of animal-based products by 35% and 43% respectively, in terms of calories. To meet the demand for these dietary shifts, agricultural production should change by increasing the area of crops producing plant-based foods and decreasing livestock numbers. Import dependency increases with diets designed to improve the health of the population. Environmental outcomes result in trade-offs, with greenhouse gas and nitrogen emissions decreasing, while water use and pesticide risks in surface water and semi-natural habitats increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103014"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food surplus and the development of food banks in Africa","authors":"Daniel N. Warshawsky","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food banks have developed across the world to reduce food insecurity and food waste. In Africa, thirty-five countries have food bank systems in operation. As food banks increase across the continent, more research is needed to analyze the development of food banks in African contexts. It is in many of these lower-income regions with underdeveloped infrastructure, lack of a strong formalized corporate food industry, weak or corrupt government institutions, and extreme poverty where food banks may be less likely to succeed. To this end, this paper examines case studies of food bank systems in Kenya, Ethiopia, Ghana, and Uganda to understand the logics of African food banking and the rationale for food bank development across the continent. Findings in this research suggest global food banking networks are central players in the development of African food banks as they guide the structure and growth of local food banks. Even with this assistance, most African food banks collect food in an ad hoc manner, rather than a systematic approach to food recovery. In addition, most African food banks have weak or non-existent connections with government or retailers. African food banks are also overdependent on global food banking networks for funding and technical support. In all, these data point to a relatively uneven food banking landscape, as the food bank model based on corporate surplus may be limited in the African context. Although there is discussion of an emerging African food banking network, the African food bank model remains unclear at this point.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103015"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 use and protein demand","authors":"Justin D. Bina ,&nbsp;Glynn T. Tonsor ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Richards","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for weight loss is reshaping food demand, particularly for protein. This research estimates how GLP-1 use alters protein demand curves using methods of causal inference applied to structural demand modeling. Data from a public survey are balanced via matching to address endogenous selection into GLP-1 treatment. Demand shifts and rotations are then estimated using a discrete choice model and an Almost Ideal Demand System. GLP-1 use increases willingness-to-pay for most evaluated protein products, though the effects vary by product and outlet. Own-price elasticities for several retail products become up to 0.22 more inelastic. Our findings of shift effects of GLP-1 use on protein demand indicate externalities that are internal to the U.S. food system and that extend beyond simple consumption changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103026"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of Nutri-Score on elderly consumers’ perceptions","authors":"Vincenza Volpe ,&nbsp;Alessia Lombardi ,&nbsp;Riccardo Vecchio","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing aging population presents significant public health challenges worldwide, particularly in terms of nutrition and diet-related diseases. In Italy, where more than a quarter of the population is aged 65 and older, this issue is especially pressing. Many elderly individuals struggle to make nutritionally informed choices due to limited awareness and knowledge about food quality. This study examines the impact of the Nutri-Score (NS) label on the perceived healthiness of food products among Italian older adults. Applying a within-subjects experimental design, 557 elderly consumers, partially or fully responsible for household food shopping, evaluated five commonly consumed products—pasta, extra virgin olive oil, mozzarella cheese, canned tuna in olive oil, and milk chocolate bar—both with and without the NS label. Findings reveal that the NS significantly impacts health perceptions and decreases taste expectations across food products. Additionally, individual characteristics such as dietary habits and NS knowledge influence these changes. Policy makers and stakeholders should further explore the appropriateness of NS as an effective method to guide elderly consumers toward healthier food choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 103007"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}