Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103048
Alice R. Kininmonth , Rebecca A. Stone , Victoria Jenneson , Emily Ennis , Robyn Naisbitt , Alexandra M. Johnstone , Michelle A. Morris , Alison Fildes , the DIO Food Team
{"title":"“It was a force for good but…”: a mixed-methods evaluation of the implementation of the high in fat, sugar and salt (HFSS) legislation in England","authors":"Alice R. Kininmonth , Rebecca A. Stone , Victoria Jenneson , Emily Ennis , Robyn Naisbitt , Alexandra M. Johnstone , Michelle A. Morris , Alison Fildes , the DIO Food Team","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In 2022, legislation in England restricted products high in fat, sugar, or salt (HFSS) in prominent store locations. This study explores retail sector (including enforcement of legislation in retail) responses to the legislation’s implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four major UK retailers – ASDA, Morrisons, Sainsbury’s and Tesco − completed business-level online surveys. Interviews were conducted with representatives from three retailers (n = 13; Asda, Morrisons, Sainsbury’s), the British Retail Consortium (n = 1), and primary authority enforcement (n = 1) (N = 15). Data were collected between July and November 2024. Findings informed co-production workshops (n = 3) to develop policy recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Stakeholders supported legislation aims but voiced concerns about complexities with interpretation and implementation, limited communication with government, access to product nutrition data, and delays to guidance. Retailers utilised various HFSS product promotional strategies while achieving compliance. Retailers reported very limited enforcement. These findings were synthesised and facilitated the development of seven policy recommendations through co-production workshops between academics and the Institute of Grocery distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HFSS legislation represents a landmark shift in regulation of the retail food environment, but clearer, timely guidance, data provision, and transparent co-production with actors cognisant of the food sector is needed to ensure legislation can be effectively implemented, enforced and evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103048"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103046
Daye Kwon , Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie , Thomas Reardon , Nicole M. Mason , Oyinkan Tasie
{"title":"Addressing conflict and weather shocks in agrifood value chains: policy preferences of Nigerian maize wholesalers","authors":"Daye Kwon , Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie , Thomas Reardon , Nicole M. Mason , Oyinkan Tasie","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the preferences of Nigerian maize wholesalers regarding interventions or measures (henceforth, “policies”) aimed at preventing or mitigating the effects of violent conflicts and extreme weather events on their trade. Using the best-worst scaling method, we evaluate their preferences for nine policy options related to conflict shocks and eight policy options for weather shocks, categorized into hard and soft infrastructure policy measures. The method was implemented using primary survey data collected from 300 urban and regional market maize wholesalers across major maize-producing and consuming states in Nigeria, including Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, and Plateau in the north, as well as Oyo in the south. The key findings include: (1) wholesalers strongly prefer road security soft infrastructure for conflict shocks and flood-proofing hard infrastructure for weather shocks; (2) wholesalers, in general, value cash relief after shocks; (3) women wholesalers prioritize public hard infrastructure over cash relief; (4) wholesalers in the relatively safer southern region prioritize road security against conflict and banditry on long supply routes from the northern maize-producing region more than northern wholesalers, who source locally; and (5) more educated wholesalers favor market-oriented solutions like insurance and loans. These results highlight the need for tailored policy responses aligned with different shocks and wholesaler characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103046"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103037
Michael Olabisi , Uswat Adeyemi , Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie
{"title":"Female earnings and dietary diversity: Evidence from an inflationary economic crisis","authors":"Michael Olabisi , Uswat Adeyemi , Lenis Saweda O. Liverpool-Tasie","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Which households experience the most significant changes in their nutritional profile during economic crises? This paper presents evidence from Nigeria’s economic crisis of 2023–24, marked by food price inflation of more than 40% at its peak. Our study investigates how household income can help alleviate the adverse effects of inflation, particularly in households with female income earners. Our findings reveal that households with income-earning women had higher dietary diversity, all else equal. However, these households are more susceptible to inflation-induced declines, particularly in rural areas. Overall, our study highlights the critical role of women income earners and the importance of diversifying household income sources to enhance resilience against economic shocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103037"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103033
Tobias Holmsgaard Rønn , Christoph Schulze , Mikołaj Czajkowski , Bettina Matzdorf , Olga M. Moreno-Pérez , Søren Bøye Olsen , Mette Termansen , Wojciech Zawadzki
{"title":"Weak pulse: a Q-methodology study of stakeholder viewpoints on barriers in European food legume value chains","authors":"Tobias Holmsgaard Rønn , Christoph Schulze , Mikołaj Czajkowski , Bettina Matzdorf , Olga M. Moreno-Pérez , Søren Bøye Olsen , Mette Termansen , Wojciech Zawadzki","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.103033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>European ambitions for more sustainable food systems rely, in part, on expanding the production and consumption of food legumes. Yet European food legume value chains remain marginal, and EU and national level supporting policies are few. We apply Q–methodology to provide novel evidence about stakeholder perceptions of the relative importance of current value chain barriers and their interrelationship, while also exploring how these perceptions vary among stakeholders from different European countries. Based on a Principal Component Analysis of 91 Danish, German, Polish, and Spanish value chain stakeholders’ sorting of 28 barrier statements, we extract five shared viewpoints, pointing out the perceived most important barriers: (1) a lack of capacity for end-product production and use; (2) unattractive legume products; (3) governance, institutional and capacity gaps; (4) unfavorable food system conditions; and (5) a restricted domestic raw material production. Cross–country analyses reveal that some viewpoints are widely shared, whereas others are country–specific. Our findings underscore the need for a flexible portfolio of European and national policy measures, such as educational initiatives, institutional support, network development, and coordinated national and regional strategies, to effectively address the value chain barriers currently inhibiting the realization of the full potential of food legumes as a pathway toward a more sustainable European food system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103033"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103036
Xiaoli Hao , Erxiang Miao , Zhiyang Shen , Yuhong Li , Shuran Wang , Haitao Wu
{"title":"Funeral reform, land use, and environmental consequences: evidence from China","authors":"Xiaoli Hao , Erxiang Miao , Zhiyang Shen , Yuhong Li , Shuran Wang , Haitao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of China’s twin objectives to uphold the 1.8 billion mu arable land baseline and alleviate air pollution, this research employs the national pilot for funeral reform as a policy intervention for a natural experiment. The analysis adopts a DID methodology to estimate the causal effects of this reform on two fronts: the multifunctionality of cultivated land and the concentrations of urban air pollutants, specifically carbon monoxide (CO) and sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>). The results indicated that the implementation of funeral reform significantly enhanced the multifunctionality of cultivated land, particularly by improving its production function and living function. These effects were more pronounced in transportation hubs and major grain-producing regions across North, Northeast, East, and Central China. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that these improvements were primarily driven by the expansion of land transfers and the reduction of land fragmentation, which facilitated the development of large-scale agricultural operations. However, a trade-off was identified, where funeral reform significantly increased local air pollution, with average CO concentrations rising by 0.0949 mg/m<sup>3</sup> and SO<sub>2</sub> concentrations increasing by 3.2490 µg/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. This adverse environmental effect was largely attributable to the expansion of cemeteries and funeral home facilities accompanying the reform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103036"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145975348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103034
Stefan Hirsch , Ayoub Barissoul , Niklas Möhring , Max Koppenberg
{"title":"Profitability and exit decisions of organic dairy farmers in the EU","authors":"Stefan Hirsch , Ayoub Barissoul , Niklas Möhring , Max Koppenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global policy goals have been set for the expansion of organic farming. However, in most European countries, progress towards this goal is limited, with some organic farmers reverting to conventional production or ceasing production altogether. While various studies have addressed the profitability of organic farming, holistic evidence on the EU level and on farmers’ exit decisions is still lacking. We use a large dataset covering 71% of the EU market to analyze the relationship between dairy farmers’ decision to produce organically and their profitability. Moreover, we investigate the decision of these farmers to exit organic production. Our results reveal that organic farms achieve, on average, a higher profitability. However, the probability of exiting the organic market increases consistently in the years after conversion, peaking in year eight, which reflects difficulties in the transition process. Subsequently, exit probabilities decrease as farms seem to have familiarized themselves with organic production methods and positioned themselves in the sector. Finally, downward fluctuations in profitability and price premiums for organic milk are associated with a higher exit probability. The results show that policy-makers should specifically target the early phase after conversion and provide risk management instruments to support policy targets for organic production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103034"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103047
Céline Giner , Céline Nauges , Katherine Hassett
{"title":"Patterns in sustainable food choices and policy support: Novel evidence from nine countries","authors":"Céline Giner , Céline Nauges , Katherine Hassett","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This analysis uses OECD survey data from over 8,000 households in nine countries. The paper analyses household profiles via latent class analysis on the basis of both diet composition, as well as purchasing habits for products that are generally perceived to be socially responsible. Results reveal four main household profiles that are distinguished by different broad patterns in these two behaviours. Household profiles are found to differ in terms of their sociodemographic characteristics and attitudes towards the environment, as well as with respect to their level of support for various food policies. Interestingly, results regarding the relationship between environmental attitudes and red meat consumption may suggest the existence of another “meat paradox” in the sense that one group of respondents reports high levels of environmental concern but also a high frequency of meat consumption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103047"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-12DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103052
Bernhard Dalheimer , Kenneth Foster , Gerald Shively , Valerien O. Pede , Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor , Jacob Ricker-Gilbert , Prathiba Bist
{"title":"Stocks and shocks: Assessing the relative roles of public and private inventories in buffering rice price volatility in the Philippines","authors":"Bernhard Dalheimer , Kenneth Foster , Gerald Shively , Valerien O. Pede , Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor , Jacob Ricker-Gilbert , Prathiba Bist","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public stockholding of food is politically contentious and economically challenging. Although private stocks are generally understood to be more efficient than public stocks at providing a reliable buffer against production shortfalls, private stocks often fail to stabilize prices during extreme food market shocks. Moreover, maintaining large public stock programs in which the government acts as the buyer or seller of last resort, can be very costly. This paper analyzes the recent historical success of public and private rice stocks in stabilizing domestic rice prices in the Philippines, the world’s largest net importer of rice. Relying on competitive storage theory and disaggregated rice stock data, we identify statistically independent global demand, global supply, domestic production and domestic demand shocks using Independent Component Analysis (ICA) in a Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) framework. We use monthly retail price data for 2000 to 2024 which allows us to leverage an exogeneous policy shift in stock policy. Using impulse response functions, counterfactual paths and historical decompositions we find that inventories have successfully buffered shocks, yet their relative efficacy has depended upon holder and size. Commercial stocks smooth routine volatility, while modest, rule-based public reserves are indispensable during large food market crises and when domestic production shortfalls coincide with international price hikes. We suggest that a hybrid strategy which combines private working stocks with a modest public reserve program, and which is flexible in terms of budget and procurement regulation, can be a cost-effective tool to dampen food-price volatility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103052"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103050
Sara Damavandi , Laura Berardi , Sina Abbasi
{"title":"Decision support system using rough DEMATEL for evaluating blockchain adoption in food bank supply chain","authors":"Sara Damavandi , Laura Berardi , Sina Abbasi","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food banks (FBs) play a vital role in food security by recovering surplus food and redistributing it to people who lack reliable access to sufficient nutrition. However, FBs face persistent operational challenges, particularly in balancing supply and demand. This study presents a novel approach to examining blockchain technology (BT) adoption within the food bank supply chain (FBSC) to boost food donation efficiency, enabling real-time inventory tracking, reliability, and strengthening compliance with food safety regulations. We identified the key barriers, categorized them into external and internal dimensions, and analyzed them using a pairwise comparison survey based on insights from academics and experts (N = 21) within the food bank network (FBN). The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology was used to model and quantify the causal relationships among these barriers. To address subjectivity and ambiguity in expert opinions during group decision-making, rough theory was integrated with DEMATEL, providing a reliable approach to managing conflicting perspectives and uncertainty. Results indicate that the lack of access to technology is the most significant barrier hindering the implementation and growth of blockchain adoption in FBSC. Also, the lack of regulation and legislation related to donated food was assigned the minimum normalized weight, indicating it has the least influence on the system. Further, a lack of government support for implementing BT represents another critical barrier, reflecting the early stage of BT development. The study offers valuable insights to support FBs and policymakers in developing long-term sustainability strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103050"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food PolicyPub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103035
Hangyu Zhang , Yujing Song , Yue Wang , Jikun Huang
{"title":"Refining pesticide use to reduce yield loss: How drone plant protection transforms smallholder pest management","authors":"Hangyu Zhang , Yujing Song , Yue Wang , Jikun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodpol.2026.103035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital technologies hold potential to transform smallholder agriculture, but their impacts on production are not yet well understood. Using original survey data from Chinese maize farmers, we examine the adoption and impacts of Drone Plant Protection (DPP), a rapidly emerging agricultural technology. We find that adoption is associated with both economic and health considerations: DPP is linked to substantially lower operational costs (-29%) and pesticide exposure time (-90%), and suggests a lower incidence of self-reported pesticide-related health symptoms (-83%). Regarding impacts, a two-way fixed-effects model reveals that DPP users’ pesticide application frequency is 33% higher, primarily during post-tasseling stages. Estimating a damage control production function, we show that these behavioral adjustments are associated with a reduction in yield loss by 4.6% and align with farmer profit maximization. However, despite drones’ precision capabilities, per-round pesticide expenditure remains unchanged. Our findings demonstrate digital technologies’ potential to enhance yield at lower health risk while highlighting the need for policy interventions addressing institutional and technological barriers to unlock their environmental benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":321,"journal":{"name":"Food Policy","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 103035"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146024324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}