Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Guide for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140043027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease mortality and air pollution in countries with different socioeconomic status","authors":"Nikolai Khaltaev,&nbsp;Svetlana Axelrod","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for 17.9 million deaths annually. Behavioral risk factors increase the risk of dying from CVD. Air pollution is not included in this risk calculation since the appreciation of air pollution as a modifiable risk factor is still limited. The purpose of this study was to analyze CVD mortality attributed to air pollution in all World Health Organization WHO member states and demonstrate the association of CVD mortality with air pollution depending on countries' income level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The CVD death rate was calculated by dividing the number of deaths by the total population. The proportion of the population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technologies for cooking was calculated as an indicator of household air pollution. The annual mean concentration of fine particulate matter ≤2.5 µg/m³ and ≤10.0 µg/m³ to which the population is exposed was used as an indicator of ambient air pollution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a gradual increase in CVD mortality attributed to air pollution from high-income countries (HICs) to low-income countries (LICs). Household air pollution is the major cause of CVD mortality in LICs. Ischemic heart disease mortality attributed to ambient air pollution in all countries is higher than stroke mortality attributed to ambient air pollution. In LIC, mortality from stroke is attributed to household air pollution of 39.27 ± 14.47, which is more than twice the stroke mortality attributed to ambient air pollution at 18.60 ± 5.64, <i>t</i> = 7.17, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Air pollution control should be an essential component of the CVD preventive strategy, along with lifestyle modifications and effective disease management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 3","pages":"247-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Governance of noncommunicable diseases in Afghanistan","authors":"Narges Neyazi,&nbsp;Ali M. Mosadeghrad,&nbsp;Maryam Tajvar,&nbsp;Najibullah Safi","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.118","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the main reasons of mortality worldwide. One of every two person is dying due to NCDs in Afghanistan. International policy actors, mainly the World Health Organization (WHO), published several reports and declarations on controlling and preventing NCDs. This study aimed to provide a situation for governance of NCDs in Afghanistan and proper solutions for identified challenges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted qualitative research utilizing interpretive phenomenology. A self-developed questionnaire was developed to conduct the semi-structured interviews with 39 experts from Afghanistan. The results were analyzed using a deductive framework analysis. Six building block framework of health system developed by the WHO was used as predefined framework for this study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The governance building block of health system consists of five subthemes including policy making, planning, organizing, stewardship, and control. We identified main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges for these subthemes. The experts also provided key recommendations to address the challenges.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Management of NCDs is a neglected part of the health system in Afghanistan. Strengthening evidence-based policy making with technical and indigenous planning, establishing responsive units with adequate financial and human resources within different ministries to address “health in all policies” concept, passing and implementing national laws and regulations to support national strategies for prevention and control of NCDs, and establishing decentralized monitoring systems to control the implementation of these strategies are the main recommendations of this study. Local government and international policy actors should invest and support the development of a multisectoral coordination system at national level for Afghanistan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 3","pages":"238-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics of delayed generalized erythema associated with cytarabine","authors":"He Jiang,&nbsp;Jun Lu,&nbsp;Mei Wang","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.117","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cytarabine is one of the most used drugs for the treatment of hematological malignancies such as leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In cells, cytarabine is activated into ara-CTP, which can replace deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and become incorporated into the DNA of proliferating cells. Thus, it can block DNA synthesis, resulting in proliferation arrest and cell death.<span>¹</span> High doses of cytarabine usually induce dermatological toxicity commonly reported as morbilliform eruptions, acral erythema, neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis, vasculitis, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and eccrine squamous syringome taplasia.<span>^2-5</span> Of these toxicity effects, violaceous erythema is especially rare.<span>^{6, 7}</span> Herein, we present a case of delayed generalized violaceous erythema associated with cytarabine and discuss its necessary treatment.</p><p>An 11-year-old boy came to the hospital complaining of an ache in the lower limb. Bone marrow puncture results confirm that he has acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He received a chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and 6-mercaptopurine (according to the Chinese Children Cancer Group [CCCG]-Acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]-2015) for induction chemotherapy. The treatment course lasted 7 days, with cytarabine (100 mg/m²) and 6-mercaptopurine (60 mg/m²) given daily. Cyclophosphamide (1 g/m²) was given on the first day. On the seventh day of chemotherapy, he developed a high fever (39.8°C). The next day, a florid, diffuse, nonpruritic erythematous macule eruption appeared on his face, ears, and scalp. Antihistamines have no effect on the erythematous macule. Over the next 24 h, erythematous macules spread over his neck, arms, chest, abdomen, and back (Figure 1A). The percentage of eosinophils (6%; reference value, 0–5%) increased transiently on the eighth day of chemotherapy. On the ninth day of chemotherapy, erythematous macules coalesced into purpuric plaques and spread throughout the body (Figure 1B). The color of the erythema turned to bright red as well as a growing facial edema was observed. Histopathological examination of skin biopsy tissue demonstrated neutrophilic, lymphocytic infiltration and erythrocytic extravasation (Figure 2). C-reactive protein (CRP) level (56.7 mg/L; reference value, 0–8 mg/L) and D-dimer (2860 µg/L; reference value, 0–550 µg/L) were high throughout the period of erythema. Meanwhile, anti-infective therapy showed no effect on the progression of erythema or the reduction of CRP. On the 12th day of initial cytarabine exposure, dry desquamation was noted (Figure 1C), with complaints of slight pruritus. Then, the eruption faded away and disappeared on the 17th day after initial exposure to cytarabine (Figure 1D). However, in the later stage of erythema, the patient developed a liver injury and lasted for 13 days. After 28 days of initial exposure to cytarabine, the patient recovered. Subs","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"78-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protocol for the development and validation of a clinical measurement tool for fear of disease progression and recurrence in cardiac patients","authors":"Sarah T. Clarke,&nbsp;Michael Le Grande,&nbsp;Barbara M. Murphy,&nbsp;Robert Hester,&nbsp;Alun C. Jackson","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One in two cardiac patients fear having another heart event or their heart condition getting worse. Research in other chronic illnesses demonstrates that screening for fear of progression and recurrence is vital for adequately addressing such concerns in clinical care. The current project aims to develop and validate a measure for fear of progression and recurrence in cardiac patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Fear of Cardiac Recurrence and Progression Scale (FCRP) will be developed through a multistep process. An initial item pool will be generated through a review of the literature and existing measures and consultation with and feedback from key informants. The item pool will be tested in a sample of over 250 adults who have ever had an acute coronary event, undergone cardiac surgery, or a chronic cardiac condition. Exploratory factor analysis will be used to identify the underlying factors, and Rasch analysis will be used to reduce the number of items. A short form version of the FCRP will be developed for use as a brief screening tool, informed by clinical relevance and Rasch psychometric indices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While many cardiac patients experience fears related to the progression or recurrence of their illness, there remains the need for a validated tool with which these concerns can be identified and measured. It is expected that the design and validation of the FCRP will aid identification of cardiac patients suffering from clinically significant levels of fear of progression and recurrence and facilitate the design of tailored psychological interventions to target these fears.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 3","pages":"195-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.115","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive ultra-hypofractionated whole-pelvic radiotherapy in high-risk and very high-risk prostate cancer on 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac: Estimated delivered dose and early toxicity results","authors":"Linrui Gao,&nbsp;Ran Wei,&nbsp;Shirui Qin,&nbsp;Yuan Tian,&nbsp;Wenlong Xia,&nbsp;Yongwen Song,&nbsp;Shulian Wang,&nbsp;Hui Fang,&nbsp;Yu Tang,&nbsp;Hao Jing,&nbsp;Yueping Liu,&nbsp;Yuan Tang,&nbsp;Shunan Qi,&nbsp;Bo Chen,&nbsp;Yexiong Li,&nbsp;Nianzeng Xing,&nbsp;Ningning Lu","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.114","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.114","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetic resonance (MR)-guided ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy with whole-pelvic irradiation (UHF-WPRT) is a novel approach to radiotherapy for patients with high-risk (HR) and very high-risk (VHR) prostate cancer (PCa). However, the inherent complexity of adaptive UHF-WPRT might inevitably result in longer on-couch time. We aimed to estimate the delivered dose, study the feasibility and safety of adaptive UHF-WPRT on a 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten patients with clinical stage T3a-4N0-1M0-1c PCa, who consecutively received UHF-WPRT, were enrolled prospectively. The contours of the target and organ-at-risks on the position verification-MR (PV-MR), beam-on 3D-MR(Bn-MR), and post-MR (after radiotherapy delivery) were derived from the pre-MR data by deformable image registration. The physician then manually adjusted them, and dose recalculation was performed accordingly. GraphPad Prism 9 (GraphPad Prism Software Inc.) was utilized for conducting statistical analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, we collected 188 MR scans (50 pre-MR, 50 PV-MR, 44 Bn-MR, and 44 post-MR scans). With median 59 min, the mean prostate clinical target volume (CTV)-V_100% was 98.59% ± 2.74%, and the mean pelvic CTVp-V_100% relative percentages of all scans was 99.60% ± 1.18%. The median V_{29 Gy} change in the rectal wall was −2% (−18% to 20%). With a median follow-up of 9 months, no patient had acute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade 2 or more severe genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities (0%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UHF-RT to the prostate and the whole pelvis with concomitant boost to positive nodes using an Adapt-To-Shape (ATS) workflow was technically feasible for patients with HR and VHR PCa, presenting only mild GU and GI toxicities. The estimated target dose during the beam-on phase was clinically acceptable based on the 3D-MR–based dosimetry analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical trial registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000033382.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"51-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139610268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extension of the theory of adherence to treatment in patients with coronary heart disease","authors":"Outi Kähkönen,&nbsp;Hannu Vähänikkilä,&nbsp;Leila Paukkonen,&nbsp;Anne Oikarinen","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Increased knowledge of the concept of adherence is needed for development patient-centered care, nursing interventions, and guidelines for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of this study was to test and extend the Theory of Adherence to Treatment regarding informational support in patients with CHD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study utilized an explanatory and descriptive survey. The study was conducted in 2013 and involved 416 patients in five hospitals in Finland. The Adherence of Patients with Chronic Disease instrument and the Social Support for People with CHD instrument were used. The model was tested using structural equation modeling (SEM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SEM confirmed direct associations between motivation (<i>β</i> = 0.49, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and results of care (<i>β</i> = 0.29, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and indirect associations between sense of normality, fear of complications, support from nurses and next of kin, and informational support to adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication. Informational support included information and advice on CHD risk factors, physical exercise, chest pain, medication, continuum of care, and rehabilitation. Indirect standardized path coefficients varied between 0.14 and 0.45. The model explained 45% of adherence to a healthy lifestyle and medication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results of this study showed that informational support is a justified extension to the original Theory of Adherence to Treatment in Patients with CHD. Informational support seems to offer a new perspective that can be used to develop patient-centered nursing interventions and thus support adherence to treatment by patients with a lifelong disease such as CHD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 3","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141639666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the combined effect of rs699 and rs5051 on angiotensinogen expression and hypertension","authors":"Nicholas R. Powell,&nbsp;Tyler Shugg,&nbsp;Jacob Leighty,&nbsp;Matthew Martin,&nbsp;Rolf P. Kreutz,&nbsp;Michael T. Eadon,&nbsp;Dongbing Lai,&nbsp;Tao Lu,&nbsp;Todd C. Skaar","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cdt3.103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hypertension (HTN) involves genetic variability in the renin-angiotensin system and influences antihypertensive response. We previously reported that angiotensinogen (<i>AGT</i>) messenger RNA (mRNA) is endogenously bound by miR-122-5p and rs699 A &gt; G decreases reporter mRNA in the microRNA functional-assay PASSPORT-seq. The <i>AGT</i> promoter variant rs5051 C &gt; T is in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs699 A &gt; G and increases <i>AGT</i> transcription. The independent effect of these variants is understudied due to their LD therefore we aimed to test the hypothesis that increased <i>AGT</i> by rs5051 C &gt; T counterbalances <i>AGT</i> decreased by rs699 A &gt; G, and when these variants occur independently, it translates to HTN-related phenotypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and retrospective models to test this hypothesis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In silico, rs699 A &gt; G is predicted to increase miR-122-5p binding affinity by 3%. Mir-eCLIP results show rs699 is 40–45 nucleotides from the strongest microRNA-binding site in the <i>AGT</i> mRNA. Unexpectedly, rs699 A &gt; G increases <i>AGT</i> mRNA in an <i>AGT</i>-plasmid-cDNA HepG2 expression model. Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and UK Biobank analyses demonstrate liver <i>AGT</i> expression and HTN phenotypes are not different when rs699 A &gt; G occurs independently from rs5051 C &gt; T. However, GTEx and the in vitro experiments suggest rs699 A &gt; G confers cell-type-specific effects on <i>AGT</i> mRNA abundance, and suggest paracrine renal renin-angiotensin-system perturbations could mediate the rs699 A &gt; G associations with HTN.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that rs5051 C &gt; T and rs699 A &gt; G significantly associate with systolic blood pressure in Black participants in the UK Biobank, demonstrating a fourfold larger effect than in White participants. Further studies are warranted to determine if altered antihypertensive response in Black individuals might be due to rs5051 C &gt; T or rs699 A &gt; G. Studies like this will help clinicians move beyond the use of race as a surrogate for genotype.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 2","pages":"102-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141308920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the treatment of IgA nephropathy with biological agents","authors":"Yongze Zhuang,&nbsp;Hailing Lu,&nbsp;Junxia Li","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease, and the “four-hit” theory represents its currently accepted pathogenic mechanism. Mucosal immunity triggered by infections in the respiratory tract, intestines, or other areas leads to antigen presentation, T cell stimulation, B cell maturation, and the production of IgA-producing plasma cells. The proteins B-lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) are involved in this process, and alternative complement and lectin pathway activation are also part of the pathogenic mechanism. Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines indicate that a specific effective treatment for IgAN is lacking, with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors being the primary therapy. Recent research shows that biological agents can significantly reduce proteinuria, stabilize the estimated glomerular filtration rate, and reverse some pathological changes, such as endocapillary proliferation and crescent formation. There are four main categories of biological agents used to treat IgA nephropathy, specifically anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies, anti-BLyS or APRIL monoclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies targeting both BLyS and APRIL (telitacicept and atacicept), and monoclonal antibodies inhibiting complement system activation (narsoplimab and eculizumab). However, further research on the dosages, treatment duration, long-term efficacy, and safety of these biological agents is required.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138982683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of m-health technology-enabled physical activity program on physical activity adoption and adherence in people with hypertension in India: A randomized controlled trial protocol","authors":"Vidhi Thakar,&nbsp;Sureshkumar Kamalakannan,&nbsp;V. Prakash","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exercise and medication have similar benefits in reducing blood pressure (BP); however, hypertension management initiatives primarily focus on medicines. This is due to scarce research on the effectiveness of implementation strategies for optimal exercise adoption and adherence. Smartphones were found to be effective in delivering hypertension care and increase exercise adherence. Despite this, only a small number of research projects in India have used smartphones as a strategy for managing hypertension.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We hypothesized that smartphone application-based care would lead to higher exercise adherence among adults (30–79 years) with hypertension compared to those who receive usual care. It will be a multicentric, randomized controlled, parallel-design, superiority clinical trial. The outcome assessor and data analyst will be blinded to group allocation. Participants in the intervention group will receive mobile application-based care for 6 weeks. Participants in the usual care group will receive a standard intervention. Both groups will receive the same number of follow-ups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary outcome is the difference in the proportion of people adherent to the recommended level of physical activity evaluated using an exercise adherence rating scale in the intervention group and the control group. Exercise adoption will be measured as the percentage of eligible participants in each study setting willing to initiate the exercise program. The secondary outcome includes differences in systolic and diastolic BP and self-management (evaluated using the Hypertension Self-Care Profile). The trial outcome will be accompanied by a process evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research will inform about the comparative effectiveness of conventional and m-health interventions for exercise adoption and adherence in people with hypertension in resource-constrained settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"10 2","pages":"92-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cdt3.101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}