Family history of type 2 diabetes and the risk of type 2 diabetes among young and middle‐aged adults

Q1 Medicine

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI:10.1002/cdt3.147

Ken R. Smith, Huong Meeks, David Curtis, Barbara B Brown, Kyle Kole, Lori Kowaleski-Jones

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Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has been growing among younger and middle‐aged adults in the United States. A portion of this increase for this age group may be attributable to shared type 2 diabetes risks with family members. How family history of type 2 diabetes history is associated with type 2 diabetes risk among younger and middle‐aged adults is not well understood.This population‐based retrospective cohort study uses administrative, genealogical, and electronic medical records from the Utah Population Database. The study population comprises offspring born between 1970 and 1990 and living in the four urban Utah counties in the United States between 1990 and 2015. The sample comprises 360,907 individuals without a type 2 diabetes diagnosis and 14,817 with a diagnosis. Using multivariate logistic regressions, we estimate the relative risk (RR) of type 2 diabetes associated with the number of affected first‐ (FDRs), second‐ (SDRs), and third‐degree (first cousin) relatives for the full sample and for Hispanic‐specific and sex‐specific subsets.Individuals with 2+ FDRs with type 2 diabetes have a significant risk of type 2 diabetes in relation to those with no affected FDRs (RR = 3.31 [3.16, 3.48]). Individuals with 2+ versus no SDRs with type 2 diabetes have significant but lower risks (RR = 1.32 [1.25, 1.39]). Those with 2+ versus no affected first cousins have a similarly low risk (RR = 1.28 [1.21, 1.35]). Larger RRs are experienced by males (2+ vs. 0 FDRs, RR = 3.55) than females (2+ vs. 0 FDRs, RR = 3.18) (p < 0.05 for the interaction). These familial associations are partly mediated by the individual's own obesity.The risks of type 2 diabetes are significantly associated with having affected first‐, second‐, and third‐degree relatives, especially for men. One of the forces contributing to the rising patterns of type 2 diabetes among young and middle‐aged adults is their connection to affected, often older, kin.

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2 型糖尿病家族史与中青年罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险

在美国，2 型糖尿病在中青年中的发病率不断上升。这一年龄组患病率的增长有一部分可能是由于家庭成员共同面临 2 型糖尿病的风险。这项基于人群的回顾性队列研究使用了犹他州人口数据库中的行政、家谱和电子医疗记录。研究人群包括 1970 年至 1990 年间出生、1990 年至 2015 年间居住在美国犹他州四个城市郡的后代。样本中有 360,907 人未确诊为 2 型糖尿病，14,817 人确诊为 2 型糖尿病。通过多变量逻辑回归，我们估算了全样本以及特定于西班牙裔和特定于性别的子集中，与受影响的一级（FDR）、二级（SDR）和三级（嫡亲）亲属数量相关的 2 型糖尿病相对风险 (RR)。2+ SDR 与无 SDR 的 2 型糖尿病患者相比，风险较低（RR = 1.32 [1.25, 1.39]）。有 2 个以上受影响的直系亲属与没有受影响的直系亲属相比，风险同样较低（RR = 1.28 [1.21, 1.35]）。与女性（2+ vs. 0 FDRs，RR = 3.18）相比，男性（2+ vs. 0 FDRs，RR = 3.55）的 RR 更大（交互作用 p < 0.05）。2型糖尿病的发病风险与患者的一级、二级和三级亲属有显著关联，尤其是男性。导致中青年 2 型糖尿病发病率上升的原因之一是他们与患病亲属（通常是年长亲属）的关系。

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来源期刊

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Medicine-General Medicine

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

35 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal aims to promote progress from basic research to clinical practice and to provide a forum for communication among basic, translational, and clinical research practitioners and physicians from all relevant disciplines. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, stroke, chronic respiratory diseases (such as asthma and COPD), chronic kidney diseases, and related translational research. Topics of interest for Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine include Research and commentary on models of chronic diseases with significant implications for disease diagnosis and treatment Investigative studies of human biology with an emphasis on disease Perspectives and reviews on research topics that discuss the implications of findings from the viewpoints of basic science and clinical practic.