Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine最新文献

{"title":"GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Endoscopy: Understanding Gastric Stasis, Aspiration Risk, and Contemporary Peri-Procedural Guidance","authors":"Junaid Beig,&nbsp;Jason Ta,&nbsp;Sophie Jones,&nbsp;Emily Scott,&nbsp;Khalid Sofi,&nbsp;Frances Osler,&nbsp;Marije Jansen,&nbsp;Puneet Chhabra","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70059","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global increase in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has led to a higher use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) among patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Although GLP-1RAs provide significant metabolic, cardiovascular, and hepatic benefits, their tendency to slow gastric emptying has raised concerns about retained gastric contents (RGC), procedural complications, and a greater risk of pulmonary aspiration during sedation or anesthesia. This review offers a translational narrative synthesis of mechanistic, physiological, and clinical evidence connecting GLP-1RA therapy to changes in gastric motility and peri-endoscopic outcomes. Data from pharmacological studies, scintigraphic evaluations, large observational cohorts, and international consensus statements are combined to guide physiology-based procedural decisions. Evidence consistently indicates that GLP-1RA exposure is associated with a higher incidence of RGC and more frequent procedural disruptions during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. However, it remains uncertain whether RGC leads to clinically significant aspiration. Consistent with this, real-world data reveal no increase in aspiration pneumonia among GLP-1RA users undergoing colonoscopy, with reported aspiration rates of approximately 0.01%–0.05%. Likewise, during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, only a small absolute rise in aspiration-related events has been observed, involving fewer than 0.3% of procedures. Current guidelines favor continuing GLP-1RA therapy alongside dietary modification, structured risk assessment, selective gastric point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), and multidisciplinary communication, rather than routine cessation. Emerging prospective evidence indicates that implementing a pre-procedural clear liquid diet, with individualized timing of weekly agents, may reduce the risk of clinically significant RGC, complementing existing dietary preparation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"183-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13393514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taking Into Account Insulin Resistance With Associated Hyperinsulinemia to Counteract the Development of Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Serafino Fazio,&nbsp;Flora Affuso","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70050","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In the management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the focus has shifted from treating end-stage symptoms to targeting the initial molecular pathways of atherosclerosis (Ath) and endothelial dysfunction (ED).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The progression of CVDs is driven by several interconnected mechanisms that damage the heart and vascular system long before clinical symptoms appear [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Endothelial dysfunction:&lt;/i&gt; It is very often the initial step in CVDs' development. ED is characterized by the loss of endothelium's ability to maintain vascular homeostasis and is mostly caused by damage factors like high blood pressure, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Atherosclerosis:&lt;/i&gt; It is the principal underlying cause of most CVDs. Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process, which begins very early in life, where fatty plaques appear in arterial walls, finally leading to chronically reduced blood flow or plaque rupture, which causes acute coronary syndrome (ACS) [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Metabolic and mitochondrial stress:&lt;/i&gt; Dysregulation of metabolism, such as insulin resistance (IR), and mitochondrial dysfunction (leading to excess reactive oxygen species) are critical drivers of ED, Ath, cardiac concentric remodeling and heart failure (HF) [&lt;span&gt;4, 5&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cell Death pathways:&lt;/i&gt; In addition to normal apoptosis, newer mechanisms were discovered like cuproptosis (copper induced cell death) and ferroptosis as key players in myocardial injury and heart failure progression [&lt;span&gt;6, 7&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, despite the significant progress made in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of CVDs and their prevention and treatment, these latter are still the leading cause of hospitalization and death [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;]. A vast scientific literature supports that IR with associated hyperinsulinemia (HI) is strictly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cellular senescence and so on [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;]. The prevalence of IR is progressively increasing in the general population of developed and developing countries, even in children, mainly as a result of an incorrect lifestyle, characterized by an increased caloric intake, particularly in the form of carbohydrates, and a marked reduction in physical activity. The mean prevalence of this condition varies from country to country and, often, even within the same country depending on cultural and socio-health conditions [&lt;span&gt;9&lt;/span&gt;]. Unfortunately, the chronically increased levels of circulating insulin associated with IR conditions produce profound cardiovascular damage in the long term [&lt;span&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;]. This is so true that, when we examine patients with recent onset type 2 diabetes, we already find significant cardiovascular alterations in the vast majority of case, so much so that these patients, according to guidelines, ","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"264-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Research Classification for Long COVID: Symptom Frequency and Severity Improve Accuracy of Machine Learning Models","authors":"Leonard A. Jason,&nbsp;Lauren Ruesink,&nbsp;Jacob Furst,&nbsp;Ben Z. Katz","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70044","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70044","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;A critical step in advancing research on Long COVID is the establishment of a reliable and valid case definition; however, to date, numerous competing definitions have been proposed, complicating the identification and comparison of affected individuals versus controls across studies. As an example, according to the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], Long COVID is diagnosed following a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and requires the presence of at least one symptom from a list of over 200, persisting for a minimum of 3 months post-infection. While this broad definition is inclusive and captures a substantial proportion of individuals affected by the condition, it does not account for symptom severity and may result in the misclassification of individuals who do not, in fact, meet a clinically meaningful threshold for illness [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An alternative method using machine learning was employed by Thaweethai et al. [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;] to identify symptoms that most effectively distinguished individuals with Long COVID from uninfected, healthy controls. Their model assigned scores from 1 to 8 across eight key symptoms, with a total score exceeding 12 indicating a probable case. Yet, among 2231 participants first infected on or after December 1, 2021, and enrolled within 30 days of infection, 10% met the criteria for Long COVID after 6 months, but 4.6% of uninfected controls were also classified as positive. This relatively high rate of false positives among the control group raises concerns about the specificity of their symptom-based case definition, particularly given its basis solely on symptom occurrence.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The integration of both symptom frequency and severity may yield greater specificity and diagnostic utility. Such an approach has been incorporated into the diagnostic criteria for Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) as defined by the Institute of Medicine (2015). Applying similar thresholds in Long COVID research has proven useful for characterizing patients and tracking illness trajectories [&lt;span&gt;4&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The present study seeks to evaluate the comparative efficacy of two case classification approaches for Long COVID: one relying solely on binary symptom presence (i.e., whether or not a symptom occurred within the past 6 months), and the other incorporating scale ratings of both frequency and severity. We hypothesized that models incorporating symptom frequency and severity would more accurately distinguish Long COVID cases from controls.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study included two participant groups: one that self-described as having Long COVID and a second that consisted of people who were well and were never exposed to COVID-19, since their data were collected prior to 2020. There were 648 total participants (292 Long COVID and 356 Controls).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Long COVID group was recruited through social media forums in August 2020. International participants were incl","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"260-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell Profiling Reveals Distinct Immune Hallmarks in Untreated Primary Colorectal and Liver Metastasis Cancers","authors":"Zhixun Zhao,&nbsp;Haipeng Chen,&nbsp;Xu Guan,&nbsp;Zheng Jiang,&nbsp;Zheng Liu,&nbsp;Ming Yang,&nbsp;Hengchang Liu,&nbsp;Tianli Chen,&nbsp;Shuangmei Zou,&nbsp;Yibo Gao,&nbsp;Xishan Wang","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70051","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly occurring cancers all over the world. Because of the high metastasis rate, the 5-year survival rate of metastatic CRC is only around 10%. CRC cells trigger the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment (TME), so decoding the TME between metastatic and primary sites becomes crucial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-cell sequencing and analysis were performed on 36 samples from four anatomical locations in nine untreated CRC liver metastasis patients. Cells from primary and metastatic sites were compared, and TMEs were validated. Genes from primary and metastatic sites were compared using a nonparametric test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eleven major cell types were identified, and high heterogeneity of cell distribution among different locations was observed. We revealed several new features in liver metastatic tumors, including CXCL13 + CD4 T cells and regulatory CD4 T cells enriched, exhausted CD8 + T cells (Tex) increased, SPP1+ tumor macrophage increased, IGFBP7+ cancer-associated fibroblasts in the metastatic TME, and the relative activation of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway. Besides, tumor cells contributed to four distinct biological modules, encompassing apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the cell cycle, and immune processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study contributes new features for the microenvironment of colon cancer and liver metastasis, which may provide unique insights for novel biomarkers and potential treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"197-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Plasma Total Tau Level and MMSE Score With Polysomnographic Data in Middle-Aged Men With Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot Study","authors":"Irina M. Madaeva,&nbsp;Alena A. Pytkina,&nbsp;Olga N. Berdina,&nbsp;Nadezhda A. Kurashova,&nbsp;Natalia V. Semenova,&nbsp;Luibov I. Kolesnikova","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70062","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common sleep disorders. Intermittent nocturnal hypoxia and sleep fragmentation in OSA may be among the main mechanisms triggering cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. The study was to identify the relationships among plasma total tau (t-tau) levels, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, and sleep parameters in middle-aged men with severe OSA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-three men (mean age, 52.3 ± 2.2 years) with severe OSA were included. Nineteen age-matched men without OSA served as controls. All participants underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). Global cognition was assessed using the MMSE. Plasma t-tau levels were measured by enzyme immunoassay. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships among plasma t-tau levels, MMSE scores, and PSG data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plasma t-tau levels were significantly negatively correlated with non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 3 (N3) duration and mean oxygen saturation (SaO₂) and positively correlated with the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and arousal index (AI). MMSE scores were negatively correlated with AHI, ODI, and AI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced deep sleep duration, nocturnal intermittent hypoxia, and sleep fragmentation were associated with a greater t-tau burden and lower MMSE performance in severe OSA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148765665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Its Determinants Among Older Adults in India: Evidence From a Nationally Representative Survey","authors":"Vansh Maheshwari,&nbsp;Shyamashree Das,&nbsp;Saurav Basu","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70052","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality, posing a major challenge to its rapidly aging demographic. Early identification of individuals at high risk for future cardiovascular events is paramount for implementing timely preventative strategies. However, comprehensive population-level estimates using validated assessment tools remain limited in this setting. This study was to ascertain the prevalence and determinants of persons at high risk of experiencing any cardiovascular event within the next 10 years among older adults in India.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India Wave-1 (2017–2018), including 64,266 participants aged 40–74 years. We used the World Health Organization CVD Risk Chart 2019 version, a nonlaboratory-based risk assessment model, to stratify cardiovascular risk based on age, sex, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and body mass index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Weighted prevalence of high CVD risk ( ≥ 20%) was 2.67% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.44, 2.91), while intermediate risk (10% to &lt; 20%) was 28.41% (95% CI: 27.60, 29.25). Overall, 31.08% had ≥ 10% risk. In the diabetes and hypertension (HTN) subgroups, high risk ( ≥ 20%) was 3.53% and 4.36%, respectively. Adjusted analysis showed significantly higher odds of high risk among alcohol users, individuals with prior HTN, and widowed/separated participants. Conversely, college education and current employment were associated with significantly lower odds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Over 3 in 100 Indian adults aged ≥ 40 years with diabetes or HTN face a ≥ 20% 10-year CVD risk, highlighting an urgent need for targeted primary care interventions. Prioritizing alcohol cessation, aggressive blood pressure management, and glycemic control through universal standard care coverage is essential to mitigate this burden.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma Exosome Metabolomics Reveal Stage-Specific Alterations in Elderly Women With Premetabolic and Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"Mengtao Qian,&nbsp;Dan Nie,&nbsp;Qianyi Gao,&nbsp;Xingbo Mo,&nbsp;Huan Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic disorder that poses a major threat to global health. Exosomes have emerged as promising biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring chronic diseases. However, stage-specific alterations in the exosomal metabolome during MetS development remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the plasma exosomal metabolome and explore candidate exosomal biomarkers in individuals with MetS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 20 patients with MetS, 23 individuals with pre-MetS, and 45 healthy controls. Plasma exosomes were isolated and analyzed using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Differential metabolites were defined by a dual-threshold, that is, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05 from <i>t</i>-test and variable importance in projection &gt; 1 from partial least squares discriminant analysis, with fold change indicating their expression changes. Further, we employed machine learning algorithms to predict MetS status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 27 differential metabolites between the pre-MetS and control groups, mainly enriched in histidine metabolism and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Of these, 12 metabolites were upregulated, and 15 were downregulated, with 1-methylhistidine and isocitrate playing central regulatory roles. Comparison between the MetS and control groups revealed 45 differentially expressed metabolites, mainly enriched in thiamine metabolism, including 13 upregulated and 32 downregulated. In the pre-MetS group, cladribine showed the highest area under the curve (AUC) (0.743, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas 3-methylxanthine yielded the largest AUC (0.714, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the MetS group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study characterized stage-dependent alterations in the plasma exosome-derived metabolome in MetS and suggests that exosomal metabolomics may provide complementary molecular information on early MetS metabolic perturbations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"219-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394745/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiological Landscape and Burden of Chronic Disease in Australia: Contextualizing the Distinct Profile of Tasmania","authors":"Getahun Kebede Beyera","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70047","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic diseases are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and impose a substantial and long-lasting burden on individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems. In Australia, more than 47% of the population had at least one chronic condition in 2018, and the prevalence rose sharply with age: approximately 80% of adults aged 65 and over lived with one or more chronic diseases. These conditions are complex and driven by multiple factors, with modifiable behavioral risks such as poor diet, physical inactivity, tobacco use, and harmful alcohol consumption playing a major role. Although notable progress has been made since the implementation of the National Strategic Framework for Chronic Conditions 8 years ago, the overall burden of chronic diseases persists at a significant level. This ongoing burden highlights the need for more targeted evidence-based public health interventions that address these modifiable risk factors to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases and improve population health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"246-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discharge Remote Monitoring Systems for Glycemic Management After Hospital Discharge","authors":"Nirali Shah,&nbsp;Camilla Levister,&nbsp;Riana Jumamil,&nbsp;Carol Levy,&nbsp;Margaret Crawford,&nbsp;Christian Hicks,&nbsp;Selassie Ogyaadu,&nbsp;Aslihan Ipek,&nbsp;Abigail Tamru,&nbsp;Madeleine Rouviere,&nbsp;Leah Kaplan,&nbsp;Ying Xu,&nbsp;Harsimran Singh,&nbsp;Daniel Cherñavvsky,&nbsp;Grenye O'Malley","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70055","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70055","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects approximately 25% of hospitalized patients in the United States, with 30-day readmission rates of 14%–20%, nearly twice that of patients without DM [&lt;span&gt;1-5&lt;/span&gt;]. Risk is heightened in patients who have undergone surgery, received transplants, use steroids, or experienced hypoglycemia near the end of hospitalization [&lt;span&gt;5&lt;/span&gt;]. Structured discharge plans incorporating remote patient monitoring may support postdischarge glycemic management and reduce readmissions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown in randomized controlled trials to improve glycemic control with increased time in range (TIR), decreased glucose variability, reduced hospital readmissions, and higher patient satisfaction [&lt;span&gt;6-9&lt;/span&gt;]. However, research on implementing real-time CGM at hospital discharge remains limited [&lt;span&gt;8&lt;/span&gt;]. Identified barriers include technological illiteracy, patients feeling overwhelmed during recovery, and limited healthcare professional support [&lt;span&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;]. A prior study using flash glucose monitoring at discharge was terminated early due to poor recruitment [&lt;span&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;], and a recent randomized controlled trial using intermittent CGM postdischarge found only nonsignificant trends in TIR improvement [&lt;span&gt;12&lt;/span&gt;].&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We present here a prospective, single-arm feasibility study of patients with in-hospital dysglycemia who were successfully recruited to implement Dexcom G6 (San Diego, CA, USA) at the time of hospital discharge with postdischarge telehealth interventions. Our analysis focuses on glycemic management across 30 days post-discharge.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This single-site, open-label, prospective single-arm study evaluated the impact of real-time remote monitoring of blood glucose and vital signs after hospital discharge. This study was approved by the site's Institutional Review Board and conducted following its Program for the Protection of Human Subjects. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Recruitment was conducted from February 2023 to October 2023 at a single urban medical center. Given the small sample size and exploratory nature of this feasibility study, analyses were descriptive. No formal hypothesis testing was performed, and the study was not powered to detect statistically significant differences.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Eligible participants were 21 years of age or older who were treated for dysglycemia during hospitalization. Major exclusion criteria included acute delirium, active bleeding disorder, lack of appropriate sites for devices, and barriers to accurate monitoring of vital signs, including persistent atrial fibrillation. Recruitment efforts focused on high healthcare utilization populations, including admissions for solid organ transplant and newly diagnosed DM. Participants were recruited directly from the hospital floors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;After informed consent, participants were trained in the setup and use of CGM (Dexcom G6, San Diego, CA, USA)","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"253-259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148582137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation After Stroke in a Transition From Hospital to Municipality—Impact of Amount of Rehabilitation","authors":"Gabriel Tafdrup Notkin,&nbsp;Dorthe Gaby Bove,&nbsp;Lisbet Lind,&nbsp;Michael Broksgaard Jensen,&nbsp;Stig Molsted","doi":"10.1002/cdt3.70061","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cdt3.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability that impairs physical function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Rehabilitation during and after hospitalization is essential for promoting neurological recovery and functional independence. This study aims to investigate (1) changes in physical function, balance, and HRQoL from hospital admission to completion of rehabilitation after stroke; (2) associations between rehabilitation amount and changes in physical function and balance; and (3) patient outcomes after rehabilitation compared with those of the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with stroke scheduled for rehabilitation were enrolled in this cohort study. Outcomes assessed at admission, discharge, and the beginning and end of outpatient rehabilitation included the 30-s Chair Stand Test (30sCST) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). EQ-5D-5L data were collected at admission and after rehabilitation. Rehabilitation hours were recorded and included in the analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 121 patients were included (age 72 ± 10 years; 35.5% female). Performance on the 30sCST and BBS and EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale scores improved throughout the study (30sCST: 1.63 [0.96; 2.30]–10.76 [9.47; 12.04] repetitions; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The EQ-5D-5L index remained unchanged. The number of rehabilitation sessions was not associated with changes in 30sCST or BBS scores. After rehabilitation, patients continued to have lower 30sCST performance and EQ-5D-5L scores than the general population (30sCST: 11.9 [10.7; 13.2] vs. 16.9 [16.1; 17.7] repetitions, respectively; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Physical function, balance, and HRQoL improved during inpatient and outpatient rehabilitation. However, rehabilitation sessions were not associated with improvements in physical function or balance. Compared with the general population, patients continued to have reduced physical function and HRQoL after rehabilitation, suggesting a need for continued self-managed rehabilitation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":32096,"journal":{"name":"Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine","volume":"12 3","pages":"231-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13474035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}