Food Control最新文献

{"title":"A portable electronic nose based on convolutional neural network for beer identification","authors":"Zhencheng Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Jilong Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Peng ,&nbsp;Peter Feng ,&nbsp;Jin Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food quality monitoring plays a crucial role in safeguarding product integrity and ensuring the well-being of consumers, serving as a cornerstone for both public health and industry standards. As devices that detect food volatiles, electronic noses (E-noses) can be applied to monitor the odors of beers, helping to verify their authenticity. In this study, an E-nose with vertically circular sensors array and neural network was designed for beer identification. To overcome the limitations of conventional planar E-noses that rely on regular testing chambers, gas sensors are vertically arranged. Furthermore, a two-dimensional convolutional neural network based on channel attention and cosine annealing warm restarts, denoted as CC-2DCNN, was adopted as pattern recognition algorithm. The channel attention mechanism enhances the abilities of learning key features and weight differentiation, while the cosine annealing warm restarts strategy dynamically adjusts the learning rate. Rapid identification was also studied to accelerate response speed while maintaining accuracy for beer identification. Then, CC-2DCNN was successfully deployed into the E-nose, and the accuracy of 99.3 % indicating a novel and promising approach for food recognition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143847573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nondestructive classification of internal defects in camellia seeds and chestnuts using X-ray imaging: optimization and comparison of deep learning classifiers","authors":"Menglong Ma ,&nbsp;Haitao Fu ,&nbsp;Yixiao Wang ,&nbsp;Zelin Lu ,&nbsp;Ziwei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Liu ,&nbsp;Huang Dai ,&nbsp;Fuwei Pi ,&nbsp;Jiahua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Camellia seeds and chestnuts are two important nut resources that provide healthy and nutritious oils and foods for humans. However, frequently occurring internal defects such as insect-damaged, mold-infested, and withered cause food safety risks and loss of economic value. In this study, X-ray digital radiography (DR) imaging was used in conjunction with deep learning (VGG16, ResNet18 and DenseNet121) to classify internal defects. The number of pre-processed images was increased to 10 times, reaching 2040 for camellia seeds and 2370 for chestnuts, through the use of image enhancement methods. Subsequently, these images were divided into training, validation, and prediction sets in a ratio of approximately 70:15:15 to construct and evaluate deep learning classifiers. A hyperparameter optimization strategy was developed to search for optimal hyperparameter combinations for training classifiers.</div><div>In addition, the performance and consistency of the three deep learning classifiers were compared in terms of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy using the outputs of the prediction sets. The best classifier DenseNet121 obtained a satisfactory area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9991 for classification of camellia seeds, while ResNet18 gained the best result for chestnuts with an AUC of 0.9234. This study integrates low-energy X-ray DR with deep learning to non-destructively classify internal defects in camellia seeds and chestnuts. It circumvents limitations of molecular spectroscopy and CT imaging (e.g., penetration depth, cost, reconstruction time) while offering actionable guidelines for industrial-scale implementation in food quality control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111367"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The molecular mechanism of chitosan-based OEO nanoemulsion edible film in controlling Alternaria alternata and in application for apricot preservation","authors":"Shi Jieying ,&nbsp;Guo Shuangfeng ,&nbsp;Li Tingting ,&nbsp;Yan Zhicheng ,&nbsp;Wang Lei ,&nbsp;Wu Caie ,&nbsp;Zhou Dandan ,&nbsp;Fan Gongjian ,&nbsp;Li Xiaojing","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Alternaria alternata</em> is the primary pathogen responsible for postharvest black spot disease in apricots. This study investigates the antifungal mechanisms of chitosan-based oregano essential oil nanoemulsion films (CS-OEOFs) and evaluates their potential application in preserving apricot fruit quality. CS-OEOFs disrupt the cell membrane integrity and permeability of <em>A. alternata</em>, leading to the leakage of nucleic acids and proteins, as well as a reduction in ergosterol content. Furthermore, they effectively inhibit fungal growth in a concentration-dependent manner. At 1 % and 1.5 % OEO concentrations, nucleic acid leakage increased by 1.32- and 1.37-fold, respectively, while ergosterol content decreased by 10.23 % and 18.95 %, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis revealed that CS-OEOFs downregulated genes involved in biosynthetic pathways and upregulated genes associated with fatty acid degradation, thereby disrupting pathways related to energy metabolism, membrane transport, and signal transduction. Additionally, CS-OEOFs reduced postharvest weight loss and decay rates, while maintaining elevated levels of phenolic compounds, such as protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, and (+)-catechin, thus prolonging the shelf life of the fruit. These findings highlight the potential of CS-OEOFs as an environmentally friendly and effective postharvest preservation strategy for controlling fungal decay and maintaining fruit quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111354"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143828933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid identification of Atlantic cod, sablefish, and toothfish using recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick: Application in the detection of cod-related fish products in China","authors":"Fangjie Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongjie Xu ,&nbsp;Yihuan Chen ,&nbsp;Le Zhang ,&nbsp;Shilin Shang ,&nbsp;Liyuan Yi ,&nbsp;Wenjie Wang ,&nbsp;Zengyi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qianjin Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gadus</em> species are highly valued for their superior nutritional quality; however, frequent mislabeling raises consumer concerns. Sablefish (<em>Anoplopoma fimbria</em>) and toothfish (<em>Dissostichus eleginoides</em> and <em>D. mawsoni</em>) are often marketed in China under names that include “cod” for commercial reasons. This study developed a recombinase polymerase amplification assay (RPA) combined with a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) to rapidly detect Atlantic cod (<em>Gadus morhua</em>), sablefish, and toothfish. Two specific primers (including one biotin-labeled reverse primer) and a probe with 5′ FAM label and THF-substituted thymine were designed for each species, targeting the interspecific regions of the cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I (<em>COI</em>) gene. The developed RPA-LFD assays were specific for Atlantic cod, sablefish, and toothfish, showing no cross-reactivity with other teleost species. The assays demonstrated detection limits of 1–100 copies/μL for recombinant plasmid DNA and 1–100 fg/μL for genomic DNA across Atlantic cod, sablefish, and Patagonian toothfish. Primer concentrations were uniformly optimized to 0.4 μM, while probe concentrations were set at 0.12 μM for Atlantic cod and Patagonian toothfish, and 0.18 μM for sablefish. RPA conditions varied slightly, with optimal durations of 14–16 min and temperatures of 36–39 °C tailored to each species. Testing of 67 frozen cod-related fish products from large retail stores in China showed 100 % concordance with <em>COI</em> sequencing. Additionally, the results revealed a high mislabeling rate of 17.91 % among these products, although the substituted species were relatively limited, primarily including Pacific cod (<em>M</em>. <em>poutassou</em>), Alaska pollock (<em>G</em>. <em>chalcogrammus</em>), and blue whiting (<em>Micromesistius poutassou</em>). This RPA-LFD assay is rapid, simple, visual, sensitive, and accurate for identifying Atlantic cod, sablefish, and toothfish, and could help monitor cod-related fish adulteration on site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111356"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culinary mitigation and safety assessment of oxytetracycline residues in chicken meat from Assiut, Egypt","authors":"Hadeel M. Bakr ,&nbsp;Abeer M. Hassan ,&nbsp;Alaa Eldin Kamal Youssef ,&nbsp;Wafaa A. Aly","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed oxytetracycline (OTC) residues in chicken meat and evaluated the effectiveness of household cooking and marination methods in reducing these residues, offering a sustainable approach to food safety in Assiut, Egypt. A total of 103 chicken breast samples were analyzed using UV–Visible spectrophotometry. Results showed that 69 % of samples contained detectable OTC, with a mean concentration of 53.47 μg/kg (range: 32.5–294.99 μg/kg). While 65.1 % of samples were below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 200 μg/kg, 3.9 % exceeded it. The hazard quotient (HQ) for OTC exposure was 0.002, indicating negligible health risks. A cost-effective UV–Visible spectrophotometric method was validated for OTC detection, demonstrating high accuracy, precision, and reliability. Household cooking methods (boiling, frying, grilling) and marination with lemon, vinegar, garlic, onion, and a four-ingredient mix were evaluated. Marination with garlic achieved a 62 % reduction, while the four-ingredient mix yielded the highest reduction of 67 %, suggesting a synergistic effect. Other methods also showed significant reductions: frying (62 %), lemon (55 %), vinegar (54 %), onion (51 %), boiling (57 %), and grilling (49 %). These findings highlight the potential of simple, accessible methods to mitigate antibiotic residues in food. The study provides valuable insights for consumers on effective household culinary practices to enhance food safety and offers regulators a validated, cost-effective analytical method for monitoring OTC residues in poultry products. By promoting safer food practices and supporting regulatory efforts, this research contributes to improving public health and ensuring compliance with food safety standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111357"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biocontrol of postharvest soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer in sweet potatoes using volatile organic compounds from actinomycete Nocardiopsis dassonvillei MI-S24","authors":"Abd El-Rahman F Gomaa ,&nbsp;Jing Tao ,&nbsp;Sun-Yan Liang ,&nbsp;Jia-Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Si Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Qiong Shi ,&nbsp;Mohamed H. El-Sayed ,&nbsp;Ke Xing ,&nbsp;Sheng Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Root rot caused by <em>Rhizopus stolonifer</em> significantly diminished the yield and quality of sweet potatoes. Currently, the control of root rot predominantly relied on toxic chemical pesticides, with a notable lack of effective alternative strategies. Microbial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are regarded as an environmentally friendly and safe method for controlling postharvest diseases. This study investigated the <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> effects of VOCs produced by the <em>Nocardiopsis dassonvillei</em> MI-S24 strain against <em>R. stolonifer</em>. The results demonstrated that VOCs exhibit strong antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi. They significantly inhibited hyphal growth (91.85 %) and spore germination of <em>R. stolonifer</em> while inducing morphological changes. Furthermore, during storage at 28 °C for 20 days, VOCs fumigation effectively mitigated the incidence of postharvest sweet potato root rot. It enhanced the activity of CAT, POD, SOD, PPO, and PAL enzymes by 84.62 %, 38.19 %, 47.98 %, 84.52 %, and 19.50 % respectively in sweet potatoes, safeguarded soluble sugars and starch from degradation, and preserved overall quality. Analysis of volatile components coupled with antifungal validation revealed that 2-methyl-3-(methylthio) furan and 2-undecanol exhibited significant antifungal activity against <em>R. stolonifer</em>. Further research indicated that VOCs affected cell membrane integrity in <em>R. stolonifer</em>, stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, reduced antioxidant enzyme activity, elevated malondialdehyde levels, induced oxidative damage, and disrupted ATP synthesis as well as TCA cycle processes by diminishing mitochondrial membrane potential alongside succinate dehydrogenase activity, ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. This study presents a novel biological strategy aimed at preventing and controlling soft rot disease in postharvest sweet potatoes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111359"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the antimicrobial effect of grape seed extract on L. monocytogenes ΔsigB on xanthan gum gels","authors":"Melina Kitsiou ,&nbsp;Jorge Gutierrez-Merino ,&nbsp;Oleksiy V. Klymenko ,&nbsp;Kimon Andreas Karatzas ,&nbsp;Eirini Velliou","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The substitution of chemical preservatives with natural antimicrobials has emerged as an important topic of interest for both researchers and the food industry. The utilisation of grape seed extract (GSE) has the potential to serve as an effective natural antimicrobial agent, while also offering the advantage of being a sustainable antimicrobial strategy, since GSE is a by-product of the fruit industry. The aim of this study was to quantitatively investigate the antimicrobial efficacy of GSE (1 % w/v) that was added in xanthan gum (XG)-based viscoelastic models of various XG concentrations (3, 5, 7 % w/v XG) against the wild-type (WT) strain and isogenic Δ<em>sigB</em> mutant of the foodborne pathogen <em>L. monocytogenes</em>. The gene regulator SigB is responsible for the general stress response of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> and its adaptation to environmental stresses. The GSE treatment effectively inactivated both strains (microbial inactivation ≥3 log CFU/ml) in all viscoelastic models regardless of the model firmness. However, the mutant strain Δ<em>sigB</em> was more sensitive to GSE treatment evidenced by the reduced viable population count and the increased percentage of sublethal injury in comparison to the WT. Lastly, at 7 % w/v XG (GSE-free) concentration, which was the highest gelling agent concentration used in this study, the mutant formed smaller colonies on the model surface as compared to the WT, suggesting the impact of SigB on the microbial growth/colony formation, especially on stiffer surfaces. The results of our study shed light on the impact of matrix surface structure on the response of <em>L. monocytogenes</em> and its Δ<em>sigB</em> mutant to the waste product GSE. Therefore, this study contributes to the development of enhanced and sustainable antimicrobial control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111355"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homogeneous bioluminescent immunosensor for aflatoxin B1 detection via unnatural amino acid-based site-specific labeling","authors":"Mengna Chen ,&nbsp;Yanping Li ,&nbsp;Qinghua He ,&nbsp;Junjie Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaojiang Li ,&nbsp;Zhui Tu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) which seriously threatens human health has received sustained attention due to its high toxicity and wide distribution. Hence, a sensitive and facile detection method for AFB₁ is essential for food safety. Herein, we present an unnatural amino acid incorporated bioluminescent immunosensor system (UAAB-immunoassay) that harnesses bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) for homogeneous detection of AFB₁ in cereals. A nanoluciferase-tagged nanobody (G8-Nluc) served as an energy donor, while an AFB₁-labeled superfolder green fluorescent protein (sGFP-AFB₁) was used as an acceptor. The sGFP-AFB₁ was specifically synthesized by coupling azidylated sGFP with alkynylated AFB₁. The donor and acceptor form a complex in the absence of AFB₁, generating BRET signals. The presence of free AFB₁ competes with sGFP-AFB₁ to bind G8-Nluc, resulting in a dose-dependent decrease in signals. The signal can be quantified by a plate reader or smartphone, allowing on-site detection. The UAAB-immunoassay can detect AFB₁ in a one-step assay within 10 min by simply mixing the components and sample extracts, and it exhibits a limit of detection of 0.95 ng/mL with a linear range of 0.95 – 25.31 ng/mL. The recovery experiments using four types of samples showed a recovery range from 71.49 % to 112.14 %. The contents of AFB₁ in 10 commercial rice samples were tested by the UAAB-immunoassay and validated by high-performance liquid chromatography. Our UAAB-immunoassay presents an innovative approach that not only applies to AFB₁ in food but is also applicable to the development of homogeneous detection methods for other hazardous materials and offers sensitive monitoring capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111358"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic techniques for edible oil evaluation - Technology overview and recent applications from lab to industry","authors":"Selorm Yao-Say Solomon Adade ,&nbsp;Hao Lin ,&nbsp;Nana Adwoa Nkuma Johnson ,&nbsp;Xorlali Nunekpeku ,&nbsp;John-Nelson Ekumah ,&nbsp;Bridget Ama Kwadzokpui ,&nbsp;Ernest Teye ,&nbsp;Waqas Ahmad ,&nbsp;Quansheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring the quality and safety of edible oils is essential for the food industry and public health. Traditional analysis methods are often slow, costly, and destructive. Spectroscopic techniques, including established methods like Raman, infrared, ultraviolet–visible, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), alongside emerging approaches such as hyperspectral imaging, terahertz, and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, offer rapid, non-destructive, and detailed molecular insights, improving edible oil analysis. This review explores the transformative impact of these methods, highlighting their applications in compositional analysis, adulteration detection, oxidative stability assessment, and process monitoring. Recent advancements, including portable devices, chemometrics, machine learning, and sensor fusion, have expanded their practicality and precision. Despite these advantages, challenges such as standardization, validation protocols, and spectral database development remain. The review emphasizes the significant impact of these techniques on food safety and transparency. It suggests future research integrating spectroscopy with nanotechnology, microfluidics, and IoT to enhance capabilities in the edible oil sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143917570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circannual Prevalence of tetrodotoxins in trumpet shells: Sea stars as a possible source of contamination and Implications for food safety","authors":"Maria F. Pais ,&nbsp;Flávia Carvalho ,&nbsp;Magda Frade ,&nbsp;Pedro Reis Costa ,&nbsp;José Paulo da Silva ,&nbsp;Ana Marçalo ,&nbsp;Adelino V.M. Canário ,&nbsp;Sandra Lage","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin, first identified in fish from the Tetraodontidae family but also detected in marine invertebrates. A Human poisoning episode after consumption of trumpet shell <em>Charonia lampas</em>, likely caught off the Portuguese mainland southern coast – Algarve, together with the increasing reports of TTX in European waters, led the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to recommend maximum safe limits for Human consumption of shellfish meat. However, data on temporal and species incidence of TTX are lacking. In the present study, TTX and its analogues were analysed by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) in trumpet shells and in one of their potential prey sources of TTX, the sea star <em>Astropecten aranciacus</em>. The estimated toxicity, based on a Toxicity Equivalency Factors approach, of non-edible trumpet shell tissues consistently surpassed EFSA limits (44 μg TTX equivalent (eq.) kg⁻¹) over the studied year. A correlation between TTX concentration and bottom seawater temperature suggests a possible role of this parameter in TTX uptake. TTX levels in edible trumpet shell tissues and all but one sea star individual were below quantification limits. However, several TTX analogues were quantified in the sea stars, resulting in estimated toxicities (monthly averages) ranging from 7 to 64 μg TTX eq kg⁻¹ in the digestive glands and from 0.3 to 27 μg TTX eq. kg⁻¹ in the stomachs. Therefore, the sea star is a possible TTX source for trumpet shells. Despite the absence of TTX in common edible parts of trumpet shells, whole-shell sales in markets pose a consumer risk, highlighting the need for TTX monitoring and public awareness programs to prevent poisoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"176 ","pages":"Article 111353"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}