Food Control最新文献

{"title":"Occurrence, processing factors, and dietary risk assessment of multi-pesticides in cowpea","authors":"Kunyu Wang ,&nbsp;Mingyu Liu ,&nbsp;Tongtong Wang ,&nbsp;Han Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Li ,&nbsp;Hui Li ,&nbsp;Jun Yang ,&nbsp;Jiyun Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cowpea is an important legume and vegetable crop in China. However, there have been few reports on the monitoring of pesticide residues in cowpea and the effect of household washing on pesticide residues in cowpea samples. In this study, 33 pesticide residues were analyzed in cowpea. A total of 21 pesticide residues were detected in all samples, of which 12 were not approved for use in cowpea. Among these pesticides, the residue of chlorpyrifos in one sample and thiamethoxam in five samples exceeded the China national maximum residue limits. Multiple residues were recorded in 79.3% of the positive cowpea samples. The results indicated misuse of unregistered pesticides, irregular use of pesticides, and multiple pesticide residues in cowpea samples studied. We also compared the effectiveness of water soaking and detergent solution soaking to remove the pesticide residues. The results showed that detergent solution soaking (average processing factor <em>PF</em> of 0.22) showed better performance than water soaking (average <em>PF</em> of 0.47). Moreover, the removal of dinotefuran, dimethoate, and indoxacarb pesticides was lower than 50% by water soaking and detergent soaking, which may be due to the fact that some of the pesticides are systemic and permeable. Finally, a risk assessment of pesticide residues was carried out on cowpea samples. The results showed that the indices (<em>%ADI</em> and <em>%ARfD</em>) of the chronic and acute dietary intake risks of pesticide residues in cowpea samples were all lower than 100% and do not pose a health risk to cowpea consumers. We also found that children and females have higher health risks than adults and males, which is related to the body weight of different populations and cowpea intake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating magnetic-plasmonic and membrane-like nanotags for the sensitive and reliable detection of aflatoxin B1 in foodstuffs","authors":"Di Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenhao Yang ,&nbsp;Xin Li ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Zou ,&nbsp;Lidan Niu ,&nbsp;Shipeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasensitive and reliable detection of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), one of the most toxic mycotoxins and potent carcinogens in contaminated foodstuffs, is highly desired to prevent its health threat. Herein, a nanoassembly-type surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) aptasensor is proposed for sensitive and reliable AFB₁ detection in foodstuffs. The nanoassembly comprises a cDNA-labeled graphene oxide (GO)-based membrane-like SERS nanotag, formed by assembling a dense layer of AuNPs onto the GO nanosheet with interparticle nanogaps of less than 3 nm for featuring signal amplification. Additionally, it includes an aptamer-conjugated core (Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles)-shell (Ag) magnetic-plasmonic nanostructure (Fe₃O₄@Ag) designed to mitigate matrix interference and offer an additional signal improvement through tuning the morphology of AgNPs. The recognition binding of aptamers with analytes causes the detachment of magnetic probes to promote a reduction of Raman intensity as AFB₁ concentration increases. This aptasensor exhibits favorable sensitivity (detection limit of 2.31 pg/mL), detection adaptability (linear range of 10⁻² ng/mL to 10³ ng/mL), real sample reliability (vinegar, milk, and bran barley), reproducibility (relative standard deviations of 1.19%–2.52%), and storage stability (&gt;30 days), benefiting from signal amplification endowed by membrane-like nanotags and magnetic separation in minimizing matrix effects. Our method demonstrates enormous potential for fulfilling the requirements of determining AFB₁ in real samples with satisfactory sensitivity and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy metals in marketed hake and tuna highlight pollution hotspots in old continent waters","authors":"Carlos Valiente-Diaz ,&nbsp;Juan L. López ,&nbsp;Alba Ardura ,&nbsp;Carmen Blanco-Fernandez ,&nbsp;Marlene Bartolomé ,&nbsp;Celia Delgado ,&nbsp;Verónica Soto-López ,&nbsp;Deva Menéndez-Teleña ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Machado-Schiaffino ,&nbsp;Eva Garcia-Vazquez","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metals are legacy pollutants that can accumulate in marine fish. For their toxicity they represent a potential risk for seafood consumers, especially in global seafood markets that import fish from polluted regions. Here we analyzed heavy metal contents in local and imported hake and tuna species marketed in Spain (N = 123). One individual exceeding the safety level according to European regulations for Cd and two for Hg were found, being 4.1% of the analyzed fish. Hakes were more polluted by As and tunas by Hg. For higher risk indices Estimated Weekly Intake (EWI) and Allowable Limit of Consumption Rate, FAO 27 (Northeast Atlantic waters, Europe) and FAO 34 (central East Atlantic, West Africa) contained the most polluted fish, being FAO 27 a hotspot for As and FAO 34 for Hg. Possible sources of As, Cd and Hg in each region are discussed. For food safety, controlling seafood heavy metal content, preventing, and mitigating heavy metal pollution should be priority in these pollution hotspots.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111140"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of three furfurals in food using a triazine-based hydrazine derivatization reagent by MALDI mass spectrometry","authors":"Zhang-Na Qin ,&nbsp;Zhen-Peng Zhen ,&nbsp;Yu-Feng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a high-throughput matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) method was developed for detecting three furfurals (furfural, 5-methylfurfural, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) in food. The derivatization of furfurals with 4-dimethylamino-6-(4-methoxy-1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2-hydrazine (DMNTH) resulted in a substantial increase in the <em>m/z</em> values of furfurals and an improvement in detection sensitivity. The compound 5-methoxymethylfurfural, a structural analogue of furfurals, was utilized as an internal standard to correct for fluctuations in mass spectrometry signals and matrix effects present in the real samples. The calibration curves exhibited good linearity in the furfural concentration range of 0.5–50 μg/mL, with correlation coefficients (R) exceeding 0.9996. The limits of quantification were in the range of 0.20–0.39 μg/mL. The furfural recoveries ranged from 89.2% to 116.2%, and the intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 10.8%, indicating high detection accuracy and precision. The developed method was successfully applied to the detection of furfurals in a variety of real samples, including roasted coffee beans, honey, and vinegar. The results demonstrated that the developed method was rapid and high-throughput, meeting the requirements for accurately detecting furfurals in various foods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111146"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allicin derivative (DETS) treatment reduced post-harvest decay in strawberries by inhibiting Botrytis cinerea viability and increasing antioxidant capacity","authors":"Chenxia Liu ,&nbsp;Fanjun Kong ,&nbsp;Yongjin Qiao ,&nbsp;Hui He ,&nbsp;Chunfang Wang ,&nbsp;Qiankun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao Wang ,&nbsp;Bingjie Chen ,&nbsp;Liqiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Xiao ,&nbsp;Huali Lin ,&nbsp;Biao Jiang ,&nbsp;Ping Xing ,&nbsp;Hongru Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Botrytis cinerea</em> is a fungal pathogen causing severe post-harvest decay in strawberries. The diethylthiosulfinate showed greater stability and antibacterial activity than allicin. This research investigated the inhibiting efficacy of diethylthiosulfinate on <em>Botrytis cinerea in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, and the resistance mechanisms for fungal control of strawberries were explored. The minimum inhibitory concentration of diethylthiosulfinate against <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> is 0.2 g L⁻¹ <em>in vitro</em>. Diethylthiosulfinate impeded the formation of spores and mycelium with overproduction of reactive oxygen species, which disrupted the structural and functional identity of the cell plasma membrane in <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, leading leaking of cellular contents. Moreover, the application of diethylthiosulfinate significantly reduced the incidence and disease severity of gray mold on strawberry fruits inoculated with <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>. On the 4th day following inoculation, the disease index and disease rate of the 0.2 g L⁻¹ diethylthiosulfinate group were 25% and 8% lower than the control group, respectively. Furthermore, diethylthiosulfinate treatment has the potential to regulate reactive oxygen species metabolism of strawberry fruits, enhancing their resistance to <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>. This may be achieved by maintaining the contents of ascorbic acid, total phenolics and total flavonoids, and by boosting the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Consequently, diethylthiosulfinate suppresses the growth of <em>Botrytis cinerea</em>, increases the tolerance of strawberries to disease, and is a potentially agent in the development of effective control and preservation measures to delay decay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 111142"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pesticide residues in peaches and nectarines: Three-year monitoring data and risk assessment","authors":"Mehmet Keklik ,&nbsp;Ozgur Golge ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel González-Curbelo ,&nbsp;Bulent Kabak","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peaches and nectarines suffer from various diseases annually, prompting widespread pesticide use for pest management. As a result, pesticide residues remain a notable concern for food safety. This study assessed 474 pesticide residues in peaches and nectarines consumed in Turkey, analyzing 459 samples (164 peaches and 295 nectarines) over three harvest seasons (2021–2023). Using a validated method based on QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, in compliance with the European SANTE/11312/2021 Guideline, residues were found in 71.3% of peaches and 71.9% of nectarines. Multiple residues were more prevalent in peaches (49.4%) than nectarines (37.6%), with 12.8% of peaches and 5.8% of nectarines exceeding maximum residue levels. Peaches contained 40 different residues, including 12 unapproved in the European Union, while nectarines had 35 residues, 13 unapproved. Common residues included thiophanate-methyl, acetamiprid, and boscalid. Hazard Index values (0.49% for adults, 0.60% for children) indicated no significant health risk from chronic pesticide exposure through peach and nectarine consumption among Turks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111141"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-controllable antibacterial film mediated by a photoresponsive metal-polyphenol framework for long-term food preservation","authors":"Guangyang Jiang ,&nbsp;Wenyang Sheng ,&nbsp;Li Yang ,&nbsp;Yichen Yang ,&nbsp;Tingting Tang ,&nbsp;Chenzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global microbial spoilage highlights the pressing need for advanced packaging solutions. This study introduces a novel Cu-Chlorogenic acid nanoparticles (Cu-CGA NPs) packaging film system, which demonstrates exceptional photothermal antibacterial properties aimed at enhancing fruit preservation. The system utilizes a photoresponsive metal-polyphenol framework (Cu-CGA NPs) synthesized through a spontaneous chelation process under alkaline conditions, and seamlessly integrated with a carrageenan/gelatin (CG) film matrix. This integration capitalizes on the synergistic effects between the photothermal capabilities of Cu-CGA NPs and its inherent chemical antibacterial properties, resulting in the Cu-CGA^0.15-CG film-where 0.15 denotes the proportion of Cu-CGA in the solution. This film demonstrates enhanced antibacterial efficacy, achieving 99% bacterial killing rates for both <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> under brief near-infrared light (NIR) exposure. Additionally, the CGA component imparts significant antioxidant capacity to the Cu-CGA^0.15-CG film, with a DPPH radical scavenging rate exceeding 60%. The inclusion of Cu-CGA NPs also enhanced the mechanical strength of Cu-CGA^0.15-CG film to 25.8 MPa and improved the water contact angle (WCA) to 84.087°. These combined attributes result in a threefold extension of cherry tomato storage life, while maintaining product quality. Safety evaluations, including migration and cytotoxicity tests, confirm the suitability of the Cu-CGA^0.15-CG film for food contact. Overall, the development of Cu-CGA NPs films represents a substantial advancement in food preservation technologies, offering robust protection for perishable items.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 111137"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sterilization of blueberry juice under solution plasma process: Factors, quality, and its action mechanisms","authors":"Hui Zheng ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Qisen Xiang ,&nbsp;Bin Du ,&nbsp;Baiqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongbing Tao ,&nbsp;Tingyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Dongge Wu ,&nbsp;Fengming Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employed the solution plasma process (SPP) to sterilize blueberry juice using <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> as the targeted bacteria. The effects on quality were analyzed, and the sterilization mechanism was investigated. The stronger discharge voltage and the narrower distance between electrodes exhibited the higher sterilization effect. The minimum residual colony counts were recorded as 1 CFU/mL, and <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> is reduced by 5.88 logarithmic units under the conditions of a 2 mm distance between electrodes, a discharge voltage of 6 kV, and a discharge time of 60 min. The sterilization process follows first-order kinetics. The changes in nutritional composition indicated minimal alteration in total sugar and acid, a slight decline in total phenol and anthocyanin, and a reduction in ascorbic acid. The sensory quality exhibited reduced sourness, while umami increased. The antioxidant capacity was not impacted. The color differences of blueberry juice are slight during SPP process. The roles of active radical are in the following order: •OH ≈ H₂O₂&gt;•O&gt; hydrated electrons and •OH played a pivotal role in the sterilization process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111136"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cascade signal amplification colorimetric aptasensor based on DNAzyme-driven DNA walker and catalytic hairpin assembly for the detection of aflatoxin B1","authors":"Qiqi Wu ,&nbsp;Yunzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Lu ,&nbsp;Congyan Qi ,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Ma ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2024.111124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aflatoxin B₁ is one of the most toxic mycotoxin metabolites, which seriously endangers human health. Therefore, it is crucial to develop rapid, sensitive and reliable methods for AFB₁ detection. Herein, we proposed an enzyme-free cascade signal amplification colorimetric aptasensor based on DNA walker and catalytic hairpin assembly reaction (CHA), which was capable of visual qualitative detection and quantitative detection of AFB₁ in food products. Under the optimized experimental parameters, the proposed aptasensor visualised a qualitative detection limit of 1.5 ng/mL and a quantitative detection limit of 9.33 pg/mL, and sensitively detected AFB₁ in the linear range of 10 pg/mL-50 ng/mL. In addition, the aptasensor was successfully applied to the detection of AFB₁ in food, and the results were more consistent with those of ID-LC-MS/MS. The cascade signal amplification strategy provides a new platform for the rapid and sensitive detection of AFB₁.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111124"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent food packaging materials: Principles, types, applications, and hydrophobization","authors":"Yu-miao Wang,&nbsp;Yuan Wu,&nbsp;Zhi-xu Chen,&nbsp;Bang-chao Zhong,&nbsp;Bing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foodcont.2025.111138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intelligent food packaging materials (IFPM) are designed to continuously monitor the status of food products, ensuring quality, reducing waste, and protecting consumers from food poisoning. They are extensively used in the storage and processing of seafood, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables. However, contact with moist food often impairs IFPM performance. Additionally, many biopolymers such as polysaccharides and proteins, which are commonly used to produce IFPM, are hydrophilic. These limitations have spurred the development of hydrophobic biopolymer-based IFPM. Enhancing the hydrophobicity of bio-based IFPM surfaces can significantly expand their application range by ensuring stability in high humidity environments or liquid food packaging. This article reviews the principles, types, applications, and common preparation methods of IFPM. Furthermore, based on the principle of material hydrophobicity, four strategies for hydrophobicity modification are summarized: material doping, surface coating, matrix material modification, and surface structure modification. Currently, the commercialization of IFPM is in its early stages. Future research should focus on developing products that are widely applicable, reusable, easily recyclable, and environmentally friendly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":319,"journal":{"name":"Food Control","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 111138"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}