Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146587
Jun Hu, Guangkai Wu, Xinman Zhan, Zihan Zhao, Jianxia Sun, Weibin Bai
{"title":"Synthesis and properties of 5,7-dimethylated anthocyanins: Focusing on peonidin-3-O-glucoside and petunidin-3-O-glucoside","authors":"Jun Hu, Guangkai Wu, Xinman Zhan, Zihan Zhao, Jianxia Sun, Weibin Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146587","url":null,"abstract":"This study developed an efficient chemical synthesis method for 5,7-dimethylated anthocyanins (Pn3GdM and Pt3GdM) to improve the poor liposolubility and instability of anthocyanins. The synthesis involved selective methylation of the A ring using a total synthesis approach and methoxy protection mediated by dimethyl sulfate. Structural and purity characterization by HPLC, NMR, and HRMS confirmed the feasibility of the strategy, yielding products with purities exceeding 95 %. The hydrophobicity of the methylated anthocyanins was significantly enhanced, as evidenced by increased logP values: Pn3G from −0.118 to −0.026 and Pt3G from −0.806 to −0.194, while maintaining water solubility. Additionally, the photostability of Pn3G was notably improved. Comparative analyses revealed that B-ring substituents had a greater impact on antioxidant activity, color, and pH stability. These results demonstrate that A-ring methylation is a promising strategy to enhance the solubility and stability of anthocyanins, offering potential for broader applications in food industries.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrodeposition of alizarin red S on β-cyclodextrin-modified MWCNTs for the simultaneous detection of guanine and adenine in soybean","authors":"Dianyu Yu, Shixiang Zhang, Linjun Huang, Weining Wang, Liqi Wang, Xiuqing Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146591","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean is regarded as a high-quality protein source for gout patients to replace meat products, but it is classified as medium-purine foods. This study developed the Poly-alizarin red S/β-cyclodextrin/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/indium tin oxide electrode (PARS/β-CD/MWCNTs/ITO) for the simultaneous detection of guanine (G) and adenine (A) in soybean. The electrode was fabricated via electropolymerization and characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, and XRD. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed its enhanced active surface area and charge transfer efficiency. The sensor demonstrated wide linear ranges of 1.0–500 μM for G and 0.1–500 μM for A, with detection limits of 0.01 μM and 0.02 μM, respectively. The peak separation between G and A was 420 mV, enabling simultaneous quantification. Applied to soybean samples, the sensor achieved recoveries of 98.6–100.2 %, validating its accuracy and potential for real-time monitoring of purine content in soybean products.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based coating on the formation of polar compounds in French fries","authors":"Liyang Yuan, Chin Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu, Yong-Jiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146607","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive oil uptake and formation of polar components during deep-frying pose potential risks to food quality and safety. Three hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC; E50, E1500, and E4000), with different degree of methyl and hydroxypropyl substitution, were coated on the surface of potato strips before deep-frying. The optimal coating concentrations were determined based on the oil absorption and water loss of fried products. Compared to uncoated samples, total polar compounds (TPC) in E50-, E1500-, and E4000-coated samples were reduced by 16.12 %, 12.08 %, and 22.02 %. Additionally, coatings with E50, E1500, and E4000 decreased the proportion of oxidized triglyceride monomer (ox-TGM) by 5.57 %, 2.70 %, and 8.71 %, and total epoxy triglycerides (ETGs) by 29.96 %, 15.51 %, and 33.43 %, respectively. No significant difference in texture and sensory attributes between coated and uncoated fries were observed. Furthermore, canonical correlation analysis uncovered significantly positive correlations between ETG level in fries and hydroxypropyl content in HPMC.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146616
An-qi Tang, Xuechao Xu, Cao-wei Chen, Mengyuan Tan, Lu Gao, Zhen-quan Yang
{"title":"Phage adsorption-driven colorimetric broad-spectrum detection of foodborne Enterobacter hormaechei using phage-modified NH2-MIL-88B(Fe) nanozyme","authors":"An-qi Tang, Xuechao Xu, Cao-wei Chen, Mengyuan Tan, Lu Gao, Zhen-quan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146616","url":null,"abstract":"<em>Enterobacter hormaechei</em>, A zoonotic pathogen with escalating prevalence in global food sources, severely jeopardizes food safety, necessitating the development of high-performance detection methods. Herein, a novel colorimetric detection strategy integrating phages and nanozymes was proposed for foodborne <em>E. hormaechei</em>. Initially, four homologous phages (EhpYZU05, EhpYZU08, EhpYZU9–1 and EhpYZU10), which were isolated using <em>E. hormaechei</em> YZU05 as the host bacterium, were modified on the surface of NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-88B(Fe) to fabricate four phage@NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-88B(Fe) nanozymes. These nanozymes exhibit peroxidase-like activity, catalyzing 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) chromogenic reaction in presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. With introduction of multiple host or non-host <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains, TMB chromogenic reaction catalyzed by phage@NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-88B(Fe) nanozymes can be specifically inhibited. This inhibition occurs due to the specific phage adsorption of phage@NH<sub>2</sub>-MIL-88B(Fe) nanozymes towards these host or non-host <em>E. hormaechei</em> strains, indirectly blocking their catalytic sites. Leveraging this principle, colorimetric broad-spectrum detection of <em>E. hormaechei</em> was achieved. Additionally, this method demonstrated reliable recoveries (96.7 % ~ 103.3 %) when applied to detect real food matrices, highlighting its high reliability in practical scenarios. This approach not only clarifies the intrinsic mechanism of phage-modified nanozymes for target bacteria detection but also provides a robust and reliable method for early pathogen detection, thereby significantly contributing to food safety enhancement","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146589
Xiaoxiao Zhu, Yonggang Tu, Yan Zhao, Na Wu, Yao Yao, Shuping Chen, Teng Wei, Jihua Mao, Xuetao Hu, Suzhen Wang, Lilan Xu
{"title":"Emulsion gel-based fat replacers in meat products: Structured design, processing stability, oral lubricity/flavor perception, and digestive characteristics","authors":"Xiaoxiao Zhu, Yonggang Tu, Yan Zhao, Na Wu, Yao Yao, Shuping Chen, Teng Wei, Jihua Mao, Xuetao Hu, Suzhen Wang, Lilan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146589","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive intake of saturated fat is closely associated with health risks. Meat products are one of the primary sources of saturated fat in the human diet. The development of fat substitutes has emerged as a strategy in creating reduced-fat meat products. Emulsion gels have been recognized as an ideal fat substitute owing to their unique structural characteristics and functional advantages. This article systematically reviews the application limitations of fat reduction strategies in low-fat meat products; meanwhile, the selection of emulsifying/gelling agents of emulsion gel-based fat replacers, and their role in low-fat meat products are discussed. Moreover, the regulatory mechanisms of processing stability, oral lubricity/flavor perception, and digestive characteristics of emulsion gel-based fat replacers are explored. Although emulsion gels demonstrate potential for the development of low-fat meat products, they still face challenges regarding precision in simulating specific fats, intelligent response mechanisms in the oral cavity, dynamic digestive behaviors, and industrial production.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"19 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146610
Hong Wang, Yu Wang, Yan Li, Wenli Zhao, Jinqian Pang, Wenjuan Liang
{"title":"Accumulation of flavor precursors and markers belonging to different primary processing Coffea arabica beans","authors":"Hong Wang, Yu Wang, Yan Li, Wenli Zhao, Jinqian Pang, Wenjuan Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146610","url":null,"abstract":"The primary processing treatments constructed the unique flavor precursor basis of <em>Coffea arabica</em> green beans of Yunnan. To understand the flavor precursors' profile of <em>C. arabica</em>, chemical basis and antioxidant (ABTS<sup>•+</sup> and FRAP) and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities of green coffee beans with three primary treatments were investigated. A total of 179 metabolites and 11 markers belonging to different primary treated beans were elucidated. In the accumulation of flavor precursors, chlorogenic acid analogs were focused on the sun-exposed way, caffeine and phenolamides were each characteristic compounds of the washing and honey treatments. Through <em>in vitro</em> analysis, desirable antioxidant and XO inhibiting activities were both elucidated in the honey treatment beans, while XO inhibitory potential was discovered in washing treated green beans. In this finding, a new prospect for flavor exploration and quality improvement of <em>C. arabica</em> of Yunnan with different primary processing treatments was proposed.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146623
Ruipeng Ma, Baochang Li, Wanyue Zhang, Xuhua Yang, Xiaoyu Lv, Bin Xu, Jun Sun
{"title":"Formation mechanism and inhibition of black spots on eggshell membranes during high-temperature pickling of duck eggs","authors":"Ruipeng Ma, Baochang Li, Wanyue Zhang, Xuhua Yang, Xiaoyu Lv, Bin Xu, Jun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146623","url":null,"abstract":"This research provides a comprehensive analysis of black spot formation on eggshell membranes (ESM) during high-temperature pickling of duck eggs, focusing on chemical composition, formation mechanisms, and preventive strategies. Metal sulfides are identified as the primary component of black spots through Propidium iodide (PI), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis reveales that during pickling, metal ions migrate from the yolk to the ESM, where they are intercepted by its dense microstructure. Treatment with 0.1 % Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium (EDTA-2Na) achieves a black spot inhibition rate exceeding 95 %, increases the whiteness value of the egg white by 7.82 %, while maintains the mechanical strength and thickness of the eggshell. These findings offer molecular-level insights into the formation mechanism of black spots and provide practical solutions for optimizing the high-temperature pickling process, thereby improving the quality of salted duck eggs.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146588
Hu Shunkai, Xu Yiting, Salumu Masuwa Shadrack, Zhang Jianghao, Xu Lingxiao, Wang Yezhi, Wang Fei, Cao Chongjiang, Xu Xiao, Yuan Biao
{"title":"Lycium barbarum (goji berry): A comprehensive review of chemical composition, bioactive compounds, health-promoting activities, and applications in functional foods and beyond","authors":"Hu Shunkai, Xu Yiting, Salumu Masuwa Shadrack, Zhang Jianghao, Xu Lingxiao, Wang Yezhi, Wang Fei, Cao Chongjiang, Xu Xiao, Yuan Biao","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146588","url":null,"abstract":"Wolfberry (<em>Lycium barbarum</em> L<em>.</em>), commonly known as Goji berry, has been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine and is renowned for its health-promoting properties. This review provides comprehensive analysis of goji berry, encompassing its historical origins, chemical composition, biological activities, and product applications. The cultivation of goji berries, primarily originating in China, has expanded globally recently due to increasing demand driven by their nutritional and medicinal value. Goji berries are rich in polysaccharides, carotenoids, alkaloids, phenyl amides and phenolic compounds, which contribute to their wide-ranging biological effects, such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, and hepatoprotective activities. Recent evidence, from <em>in vitro</em>, <em>in vivo</em>, and clinical studies, highlights their potential in preventing and managing chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, the review explores the incorporation of goji berries into functional foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and livestock nutrition products and emphasize the need for rigorous safety and quality control.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EGCG-egg yolk proteins complexes-stabilized HIPPEs for enhanced delivery of lipophilic bioactives: Insight into structure and function relationship","authors":"Xinyu Kou, Jiahao Bie, Jinxuan Cao, Jinpeng Wang, Yuemei Zhang, Wenbiao Shi, Zaisheng Peng, Ying Wang, Wendi Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146600","url":null,"abstract":"Non-covalent complexes of proteins and polyphenols provide interfacial properties and antioxidant protection for delivering lipophilic bioactives. In this study, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein (3:7, <em>w</em>/w) extracted from egg yolk were combined with epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG, 0, 10, 20, 40 μg/mL) and subjected to ultrasound treatment (20 kHz, 75 W, 10 min) to form protein-EGCG complexes. The structural and interfacial properties of these complexes were systematically characterized and subsequently applied to stabilize high-internal-phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs) loaded with phytosterol esters (PEs). Spectroscopic and rheological analyses confirmed that EGCG induced partial protein unfolding via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, enhancing interfacial adsorption. HIPPEs containing 10 or 20 μg/mL EGCG exhibited optimal properties, including reduced droplet size, improved interfacial viscoelasticity, a high zeta potential (31.5 mV), and increased bioaccessibility of PEs during digestion. In contrast, 40 μg/mL EGCG caused protein aggregation and double-emulsion formation, impairing emulsion stability and digestion. These findings reveal a concentration-dependent dual role of EGCG and identify an optimal range for balancing emulsion stability and nutrient release. The study provides a strategy for designing functional emulsions for lipophilic bioactives in food applications.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food ChemistryPub Date : 2025-10-02DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146606
Jermaine Marie Ann Fabella-Garcia, Tobias kretzschmar, Parth Patel, Lei Liu
{"title":"From green bean to brewed coffee: A Lipidomic perspective on coffee lipid composition","authors":"Jermaine Marie Ann Fabella-Garcia, Tobias kretzschmar, Parth Patel, Lei Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.146606","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee ranks among the top five beverages consumed worldwide. Lipids are a key contributor to coffee's organoleptic properties. Lipid content and composition differ between green coffee beans, roasted coffee beans and brewed coffee. Although the lipid content has been well studied, lipid compositional data remain limited mainly to green beans due to the time-consuming conventional method for coffee lipid analysis, making it difficult to trace how lipids change from farm to cup. Recent advances in LC-MS/MS instruments enable the understanding of the whole coffee lipidome by a fast lipidomic analysis. However, some recent lipidomic studies have not reported well-known coffee lipids (e.g. diterpene esters), possibly due to the databases used for lipid search. This review discusses the limitations of the current lipidomic approach and aims to improve this analytical method to understand the changes in lipid composition across various stages of coffee production.","PeriodicalId":318,"journal":{"name":"Food Chemistry","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}